技术方法

地震波逆时偏移中不同域共成像点道集偏移噪声分析

  • 谢庆宾 ,
  • 谭欣雨 ,
  • 高霞 ,
  • 梁新平 ,
  • 赖长洁 ,
  • 王志芳
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  • 1.中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司 勘探开发研究院,黑龙江 大庆 163712;2.中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司 勘探事业部,黑龙江 大庆 163453
陈可洋(1983-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事高精度地震波传播模拟与逆时成像、多线程并行计算与模块开发、地震资料数字处理方法与应用等研究工作。 地址:(163712)黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区大庆石油勘探开发研究院地震处理二室。 电话:(0459)5508524。E-mail:keyangchen@163.com。

网络出版日期: 2014-04-06

基金资助

国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目“火山岩油气藏的形成机制与分布规律”(编号:2009CB219307)资助

Seismic wave reverse-time migration noise analysis within different common imaging point gathers

  • XIE Qingbin ,
  • TAN Xinyu ,
  • GAO Xia ,
  • LIANG Xinping ,
  • LAI Changjie ,
  • WANG Zhifang
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  • 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., Daqing 163712,Heilongjiang, China; 2. Company of Exploration, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., Daqing 163453, Heilongjiang, China

Online published: 2014-04-06

摘要

地震波逆时成像方法通常输出 2 种共成像点道集:一种是共成像点偏移距道集,另一种是共成像点 角度道集。 开展了针对地震波逆时偏移的 2 种共成像点道集波场特征及其差异的数值实验。 以倾斜界面 模型和复杂的 Marmousi 模型为例,合成了 2 种共成像点道集,其中角度道集是在逆时延拓过程中采用波 印廷矢量制作的。 计算结果表明,在速度模型准确的情况下,2 种共成像点道集均可拉平,其中偏移噪声 在偏移距道集上的分布规律较差,不利于后续的精细处理,而在角度道集上的偏移噪声主要集中在 90° 附 近的高角度区域,对小角度范围内的地震道进行叠加时,逆时成像剖面的信噪比和地层的刻画能力均可 得到有效提高,同时低频噪声能量与界面的反射系数存在正相关性。

本文引用格式

谢庆宾 , 谭欣雨 , 高霞 , 梁新平 , 赖长洁 , 王志芳 . 地震波逆时偏移中不同域共成像点道集偏移噪声分析[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2014 , 26(2) : 118 -124 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2014.03.019

Abstract

There are two kinds of common imaging point gathers of the seismic imaging methods, one is the common imaging point offset gather, and the other is common imaging point angle gather. We carried out numerical experiments on the wave field characteristics and difference of two kinds of common imaging point gathers with relation of seismic wave reverse-time migration method. Taking tilted interface model and complex Marmousi model as examples, we composed two kinds of common imaging point gathers, of which the angle gather was made up by using Poynting vector during the reverse-time migration process. The computational results show that both the two kinds of common imaging point gathers are flat with correct velocity model. The noise distribution in the offset gather is not fixed, therefore, so it is not suitable for refining processing afterward, while the migration noise of the angle gather is almost focused on higher angle gather area, and with the branch angle stack processing, the low angle stacking section has the better S/N and the formation information is improved greatly. What’s more, the low frequency noise energy is positive proportional to the reflection coefficient of the interface.

参考文献

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