在概述了油气成藏理论和油气分布规律研究现状的基础上 ,首次明确并系统地提出油气不 均一分布理论。重点以牛庄洼陷沙三中岩性油气藏为例 ,详细论述油气不均一分布的影响因素及 其成因机制。油气不均一分布具有层次性 ,不同层次的油气不均一分布的主控因素也有所区别:沉 积凹陷的油气分布不均一性 ,可以用油源以及圈闭条件来进行解释;沉积凹陷内某一区带(如洼陷 带)内部的油气不均一分布 ,除了受到油源和构造条件的制约 ,还明显受到储集条件非均质性的影 响;造成区带内单一砂体或油藏内部油气不均一分布的根本原因则是储层非均质性。储层非均质 性影响油气成藏、 导致油气不均一分布是文中强调的核心思想。不同层次的油气不均一分布是一 种普遍现象和客观规律 ,而对于包括岩性油气藏在内的隐蔽油气藏以及包括古潜山油气藏在内的 各种复杂油气藏来讲 ,油气不均一分布的现象更加明显。油气不均一分布理论的提出对于岩性油 气藏和复杂油气藏的勘探以及高勘探程度区的精细勘探和开发具有启示作用 ,在油藏评价、 准确计 算油气储量、 井位部署等油田生产实践中具有重要指导作用。

On the basis of the current research on the hydrocarbon accumulation theory and hydrocarbon dist ribution rules , the theory of hydrocarbon heterogeneous distribution was definitely put forward. Taking the lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs in the middle section of the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es₃² ) in Niuzhuang Depression as the main example , the effect factors and the forming mechanisms for the hydrocarbon heterogeneous distribution have been discussed in detail. The heterogeneous distribution of hydrocarbon has several levels , of which the main affecting factors are different. In subdepressions , oil source and trap conditions were the main factors controlling heterogeneous distribution of petroleum macroscopically. In the secondary block , the heterogeneous distribution is controlled by oil source , structural conditions , in addition to the reservoir heterogeneity. The heterogeneous distribution of single sand body or the interior reservoir was resulted from reservoir heterogeneity. The idea that reservoir heterogeneity affects the hydrocarbon accumulation and leads to heterogeneous hydrocarbon distribution was stressed here. The phenomenon that hydrocarbons distribute heterogeneously in different scale is universal and objective , and it is even obvious in the subtle and complex reservoirs , including lithologic reservoirs and buriedhill reservoirs and so on. The presentation about the theory of hydrocarbon heterogeneous distribution takes a significant part in the exploration of lithologic reservoirs and complex reservoirs , and the fine exploration and development in highdegree exploratory areas , and it will play a great role in the reservoir evaluation , hydrocarbon reserves calculation , well deployment and so on.