针对松辽盆地南部 GD 区泉四段储层岩石学特征、微观孔隙成因类型及控制因素认识不清等问题，综合运用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、黏土矿物分析等资料，对泉四段砂岩储层微观孔隙类型及其成因控制因素进行了详细研究。 结果表明：泉四段储层砂岩主要发育压实剩余孔隙、胶结剩余孔隙、粒间溶蚀孔隙和粒内溶蚀孔隙，其中粒间溶蚀孔主要由粒间杂基及胶结物、长石及岩屑边缘溶蚀形成，粒内溶蚀孔主要由长石粒内溶蚀或岩屑内部易溶组分溶蚀形成，局部层段发育的少量构造裂缝对储层储集物性的改造具有一定作用。 现今储层发育的孔隙类型受沉积和成岩作用双重控制，低能浅水三角洲沉积环境决定了该区具有细粒、多泥质的储层岩石学特征及较差的原生孔隙发育特点；压实作用决定了压实剩余孔隙的大小和发育程度；胶结作用是破坏原生孔隙的主要因素，而碳酸盐胶结作用为后期溶蚀孔隙的形成提供了物质基础；溶蚀作用极大地改善了该区储层的孔隙性。 系统分析大量薄片和扫描电镜资料，首次明确 GD 区泉四段砂岩为混合成因孔隙类型储层，孔隙以剩余粒间孔为主，后期形成的溶蚀孔对储层物性的改善具有极其关键的作用，广泛发育的杂基内微孔对储层物性贡献不大。

In the view of problems that reservoir petrologic characteristics, microscopic pore genetic types and their controlling factors have not been researched clearly in the fourth member of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in GD area, southern Songliao Basin, by comprehensive application of the data of thin section, scanning electron microscope and clay mineral, this paper studied the reservoir pore types and controlling factors. The pores of Quan 4 member in GD area are mainly post compaction residual pores, post cementation residual pores, dissolved intergranular pores and dissolved intragranular pores. The dissolved intergranular pores are formed by the dissolution of intergranular matrix, cements, feldspar and debris, and the dissolved intragranular pores are formed by internal corrosion of feldspar and eutectic part in debris. Tectonic fractures developed locally are quite important to reservoir physical properties. The present pores genetic types are closely correlative with the depositional environment and diagenesis. The sedimentary conditions determine its petrologic feature of fine-grained and mud-rich, and further control the reservoir features of pore primary pores in this area. Compaction is decisive for the remaining primary pores size and volume, cementation is the main factors for destroying the primary pores, and carbonate cementation provides material base for later dissolution. Dissolved pores formed by dissolution are of very important contribution in enhancing the porosity. Based on the analysis of rock thin section and scanning electron microscope, it is considered that the Quan 4 member belongs to reservoir with mixed pores, remaining primary intergranular pores are the dominated reservoir space, later dissolved pores have a crucial role in improving the reservoir properties, and micropores in matrix are of little importance for reservoir properties.