The procedures of seismic data processing,favorable reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection are studied for key exploration basins and fields such as lithologic reservoir seismic exploration in the southwest of Qaidam Basin，carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir exploration in Tarim Basin，high-steep structure exploration in Sichuan Basin and Tuha Basin and salt dome and subsah imaging in Pre-Caspian Basin．So many technologies are developed，including static correction technology with multiple information restrictions and combination of many methods，surface consistence processing technology，pre-stack fidelity and noise elimination technology，anisotropic floating datum pre-stack imaging technology and wave equation pre-stack depth migration technology，forward modeling and multi-attribute semi-quantitative fracture-cavity reservoir prediction technology，3D fracture-cavity system quantitative description and fluid detection technology．Meanwhile，some associated technologies are also developed，including 3D seismic data joint integration processing interpretation technology，semi-quantitative and quantitative description technology of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs and complex surface and high-steep structure imaging and subsalt imaging technology．The significant exploration results are obtained from the application of these technologies in some key exploration basins and fields．