塔河油田为缝洞型碳酸盐岩底水油藏, 油井打开程度低, 通过钻井资料认识油藏有一定的困难。为了深入了解油藏的地质特征, 文中采用动态资料间接地认识油藏特性。通过研究油井的产量递减特征, 把油井划分成3 种基本类型: 快速递减型、中速递减型和低速递减型。与这3 种产量递减类型相对应, 地下溶洞系统也可划分为3 种基本类型: 封闭溶洞、半封闭溶洞和开放溶洞。封闭溶洞天然能量欠缺, 开放溶洞天然能量充足, 半封闭溶洞介于二者之间。根据溶洞的封闭性质, 可以很好地指导油田的开发工作。

Tahe Oilfield is a carbonate bottom-water reservoir with fractures and caves. The producing wells penetrate only part of the pay-zone. So the formation under the penetration can not be recognized clearly. In order to understand the geology of the whole reservoir, the production data are used and analyzed. Based on the characteristics of the production rate decline, the wells in Tahe Oilfield are classified into three types: rapidly declined well, medially declined well and slowly declined well. The cave system also can be classified into three types correspondingly, including closed cave system, semi-closed cave systemand open cave system. Closed cave systemis lack of natural drive energy, while open cave system has abundant natural drive energy, and semi-closed cave system behaves between the closed cave system and open cave system. According to the closure property of cave system, production procedures of oilfield can be directed properly.