Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 162-171.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260114

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

Seismic prediction technology for coal rock gas reservoir of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area, Ordos Basin

ZHANG Mengbo1,2(), PENG Jiankang1(), CUI Xiaojie1,2, ZHANG Dong1, NI Na1, LONG Shengfang1, WEI Penghui3   

  1. 1 Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield, Xi’an 710018, China
    2 National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields, Xi’an 710018, China
    3 Geoscience Solutions, Beijing 100102, China
  • Received:2025-04-01 Revised:2025-05-22 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2026-01-23
  • Contact: PENG Jiankang E-mail:zmb_cq@petrochina.com.cn;15010308496@163.com

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Abstract:

Through well-to-seismic calibration, establishment of different surrounding rock lithology-coal rock models, and wave equation forward modeling, the lithologies, coal rock thickness, and seismic response characteristics of Carboniferous Benxi Formation surrounding rock in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin were analyzed. Three thickness prediction methods of coal rock gas reservoir, such as amplitude fitting method, impe-dance inversion method, and reflection coefficient inversion method, were contrasted and evaluated. The results show that: （1） The geological conditions of Carboniferous Benxi Formation coal rock gas reservoir in Mizhi area are complex. The overlying lithology are mainly sandstone, limestone, and mudstone. Physical properties of coal rock and surrounding rock strata are significant different, coal rock are with characteristics of low natural gamma, low density, high neutron, high acoustic time difference, and high resistivity. Different surrounding rocks have a significant impact on seismic response characteristics of coal rock layers, and the planar distribution of surrounding rocks can affect the accuracy of coal seam thickness prediction. （2） During wave equation forward modeling for different lithological combinations, when the coal rock thickness is less than the tuned thickness of 12.5 m, the amplitude value increases with the increase of coal rock thickness.When the thickness of coal rock reaches 12.5 m, the amplitude value reaches its peak.When the thickness of coal rock is greater than 12.5 m, the amplitude value begins to slowly decrease as the thickness of coal rock increases. （3） The reflection coefficient inversion method is suitable for the evaluation and development stages of coal rock gas reservoirs. The coal rock top and bottom re-interpretation technology is less affected by amplitude,and the predicted thickness of coal rock gas reservoir in the study area shows the highest consistency with the actual thickness, reaching 88.9%.

Key words: coal rock gas, seismic prediction, forward modeling, amplitude fitting, impedance inversion, reflection coefficient inversion, Benxi Formation, Carboniferous, northern Mizhi area, Ordos Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.2

Fig. 1

Structural location of northern Mizhi area (a) and comprehensive stratigraghic column of Benxi-Shanxi formations (b), Ordos Basin"

Fig. 2

Well-tie contrast for No. 8 coal rock of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 3

Acoustic time difference of different lithologies of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 4

Density contrast of different lithologies of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 5

Distribution characteristics of lithofacies from the top of No. 8 coal rock in Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 6

Well-to-seismic calibration of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Table 1

Lithological combination model parameters for different strata of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 7

Forward modeling results of coal rocks and different surrounding rock models of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 8

Relationship between amplitude and thickness of different models of Carboniferous Benxi Formation coal rock in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 9

Fitting curve of thickness and seismic root mean square amplitude of No. 8 coal rock in Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 10

Prediction of thickness plane distribution of No. 8 coal rock in Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin using seismic reflection amplitude attribute fitting method"

Fig. 11

Longitudinal wave impedance of different lithologies of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 12

Prediction of thickness distribution of No. 8 coal rock of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin using impedance inversion method"

Fig. 13

Comparison of conventional seismic profiles (a) and reflection coefficient inversion profiles (b) of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

Fig. 14

Prediction of the thickness plane distribution of No. 8 coal rock of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin using reflection coefficient inversion method"

Fig. 15

Comparison of predicted thickness and actual drilling coal rock thickness of No. 8 coal rock of Carboniferous Benxi Formation in northern Mizhi area of Ordos Basin"

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