Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 23-31.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2017.06.004

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Features of liquid hydrocarbon in different states in oil shale during hydrous pyrolysis

SUN Lina1, ZHANG Mingfeng2,3, WU Chenjun2,3, WANG Zixiang4, TUO Jincai2,3   

  1. 1. Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    4. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Company, Wuhan 430223, China
  • Received:2017-04-23 Revised:2017-06-19 Online:2017-11-21 Published:2017-11-21

PDF (PC)

587

Abstract: In order to understand the components and change features of liquid hydrocarbons in different states, a series of simulation experiments were conducted on source rocks using WYMN-3 high temperature and pressure simulator. These pyrolysis experiments were conducted on the columned oil-shales samples from Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin and Lucaogou Formation in Junggar Basin under semi-open system,and the temperatures were set on 250℃, 300℃, 350℃, 375℃, 400℃, 450℃ and 500℃. The hydrodynamic pressures were all carried on 50 MPa,and the experiments were all kept on the target temperatures for 48 hours. The liquid hydrocarbons products were separated into expelled oil,wash-out oil and residual oil,and the sum of the three components was defined as total oil. Based on the analysis about the features of expelled,wash-out,residual and total oil,what we have found were listed as below:(1)with the temperature increasing,the tendency of expelled oil and total oil is the same,which shows the importance of expelled oil for the yields of total oil; (2)the trend of wash-out and residual oils with different temperatures is the same, which could be related to the evolution of organic matters; (3)from the changing stages of expelled,wash-out and residual oils,the three thermal evolution stages are the thermal cracking of soluble organic matter in original source rocks,the thermal cracking of kerogens,and the second cracking of oil to gases; (4)the stages of expelled oil are always later than washout oil, which indicates that the expelled oil would be retained on the surface of source rocks before the second migration; (5)the maximum yields of residual oil are occurred at 350℃ in both samples,thus the beginning of oil generation window is the maximum point of residual oil; (6)the higher total organic carbon content may be resulted in the higher generation of hydrocarbons during thermal evolution, and the higher contents of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons could be also resulted in the higher yields of hydrocarbons. Therefore, these researches could provide some theoretical foundations for the studies of liquid hydrocarbons evolution.

Key words: chlorite film, growth pattern, primary intergranular pore, Chang 8 sandstone, Ordos Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.1+13
[1] PRICE L C, WENGER L M. The influence of pressure on petroleum generation and maturation as suggested by aqueous pyrolysis. Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1992, 19(1/3):141-159.
[2] SCHENK H J, HORSFIELD B. Kinetics of petroleum generation by programmed-temperature closed-versus open-system pyrolysis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1993, 57(3):623-630.
[3] BEHAR F, LEWAN M D, LORANT F, et al. Comparison of artificial maturation of lignite in hydrous and nonhydrous conditions. Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34:575-600.
[4] BEHAR F, KRESSMANN S, RUDKIEWICZ J L, et al. Experimental simulation in a confined system and kinetic modelling of kerogen and oil cracking. Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1992, 19(1/3):173-189.
[5] LEWAN M D. Experiments on the role of water in petroleum formation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1997, 61(17):3691-3723.
[6] DIECKMANN V, SCHENK H J, HORSFIELD B. Assessing the overlap of primary and secondary reactions by closed-versus open-system pyrolysis of marine kerogens. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2000, 56(1):33-46.
[7] KUILA U, MCCARTY D K, DERKOWSKI A, et al. Nano-scale texture and porosity of organic matter and clay minerals in organicrich mudrocks. Fuel, 2014, 135:359-373.
[8] SUN L N, TUO J C, ZHANG M F, et al. Formation and development of the pore structure in Chang 7 member oil-shale from Ordos Basin during organic matter evolution induced by hydrous pyrolysis. Fuel, 2015, 158:549-557.
[9] ROMERO-SARMIENTO M-F, ROUZAUD J-N, BERNARD S, et al. Evolution of Barnett shale organic carbon structure and nanostructure with increasing maturation. Organic Geochemistry, 2014, 71:7-16.
[10] 刘全有, 刘文汇, 陈践发, 等.塔里木盆地煤系有机质热模拟实验中液态烃特征研究.天然气地球科学, 2004, 15(4):355-359. LIU Q Y, LIU W H, CHEN J F, et al. Characteristics of liquid hydrocarbon in thermal pyrolysis experiment for coal of Tarim Basin, China. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(4):355-359.
[11] TANG X, ZHANG J C, JIANG Z X, et al. Characteristics of solid residue, expelled and retained hydrocarbons of lacustrine marlstone based on semi-closed system hydrous pyrolysis:implications for tight oil exploration. Fuel, 2015, 162:186-193.
[12] FRANCO N, KALKREUTH W, PERLBA M D C R. Geochemical characterization of solid residues, bitumen and expelled oil based on steam pyrolysis experiments from Irati oil shale, Brazil:a preliminary study. Fuel, 2010, 89:1863-1871.
[13] UGUNA C N, CARR R D, SNAPE C E, et al. High-pressure water pyrolysis of coal to evaluate the role of pressure on hydrocarbon generation and source rock maturation at high maturities under geological conditions. Organic Geochemistry, 2015, 78:44-51.
[14] 吉鸿杰, 邱振, 陶辉飞, 等. 烃源岩特征与生烃动力学研究——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组为例. 岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(4):34-42. JI H J, QIU Z, TAO H F, et al. Source rock characteristics and hydrocarbon generation kinetics:a case study of the Permian Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2016, 28(4):34-42.
[15] 付德亮, 周世新, 马瑜, 等.煤系有机质演化过程中CO2对流体密度的影响.岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(2):41-46. FU D L, ZHOU S X, MA Y, et al. Impacts of CO2 on fluid density during the evolution of organic material of coal series. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2016, 28(2):41-46.
[16] 张辉, 彭平安.开放体系下干酪根生烃动力学研究.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 30(6):18-21. ZHANG H, PENG P A. Kinetics study on hydrocarbon generation of kerogen in open system. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2008, 30(6):18-21.
[17] 王治朝, 米敬奎, 李贤庆, 等.生烃模拟实验方法现状与存在问题.天然气地球科学, 2009, 20(4):592-597. WANG Z C, MI J K, LI X Q, et al. Current situation and problems of simulation experiment approach of hydrocarbon generation. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2009, 20(4):592-597.
[18] 汤庆艳, 张铭杰, 张同伟, 等.生烃热模拟实验方法述评.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 35(1):52-62. TANG Q Y, ZHANG M J, ZHANG T W, et al. A review on pyrolysis experimentation on hydrocarbon generation. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2013, 35(1):52-62.
[19] 李慧莉, 金之钧, 何治亮, 等.海相烃源岩二次生烃热模拟实验研究.科学通报, 2007, 52(11):1322-1328.LI H L, JIN Z J, HE Z L, et al. The thermal modelling of secondary hydrocarbon generation for marine souse rocks. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2007, 52(11):1322-1328.
[20] GAO L, SCHIMMELMANN A, TANG Y C, et al. Isotope rollover in shale gas observed in laboratory pyrolysis experiments:insight to the role of water in thermogenesis of mature gas. Organic Geochemistry, 2014, 68:95-106.
[21] 米敬奎, 张水昌, 王晓梅.不同类型生烃模拟实验方法对比与关键技术.石油实验地质, 2009, 31(4):409-414. MI J K, ZHANG S C, WANG X M. Comparion of different hydrocarbon generation simulation approaches and key technique. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2009, 31(4):409-414.
[22] 郑伦举, 何生, 秦建中, 等.近临界特性的地层水及其对烃源岩生排烃过程的影响.地球科学:中国地质大学学报, 2011, 36(1):83-92. ZHENG L J, HE S, QIN J Z, et al. Formation water of near-critical properties and its effects on the processes of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2011, 36(1):83-92.
[23] 李志明, 郑伦举, 马中良, 等.烃源岩有限空间油气生排烃模拟及其意义.石油实验地质, 2011, 33(5):447-451. LI Z M, ZHENG L J, MA Z L, et al. Simulation of source rock for hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in finite space and its significance. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2011, 33(5):447-451.
[24] 郑伦举, 秦建中, 何生, 等.地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟实验初步研究.石油实验地质, 2009, 31(3):296-302. ZHENG L J, QIN J Z, HE S, et al. Preliminary study of formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2009, 31(3):296-302.
[25] 孙丽娜, 张中宁, 吴远东, 等. 半开放体系下温压对烃源岩HTHP模拟产物产率的影响.天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(1):119. SUN L N, ZHANG Z N, WU Y D, et al. Effect of temperature and pressure on hydrocarbon yield of source rock HTHP simulation experiment in semi-open system. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(1):119.
[26] SWEENEY J J, BURNHAM A K. Evaluation of a simple model of vitrinite reflectance based on Chemical kinetics. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74(10):1559-1570.
[27] SUZUKI N, MATSUBAYASHI H, WAPLES D W. A simpler kinetic model of vitrinite reflectance. AAPG Bulletin, 1993, 77(9):1502-1508.
[28] 苏玉平, 付晓飞, 卢双舫, 等. EASY% Ro法在滨北地区热演化史中的应用.大庆石油学院学报, 2006, 30(2):5-8. SU Y P, FU X F, LU S F, et al. Application of EASY% Ro model to the research of thermal evolution in Binbei. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute, 2006, 30(2):5-8.
[29] 申家年, 杨晨, 于勇.EASY% Ro法在地温梯度恢复中的局限性——以海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷为例.吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2012, 42(增刊2):148-154. SHEN J N, YANG C, YU Y. The limitations of EASY% Ro in geothermal gradient inversion:a case study of Wurxun Depression in Hailaer Basin. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2012, 42(Suppl 2):148-154.
[30] JARVIE D M, HILL R J, RUBLE T E, et al. Unconventional shale-gas systems:the Mississippian Barnett Shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment. AAPG Bulletin, 2007, 91(4):489.
[31] 杨燕, 雷天柱, 关宝文, 等.滨浅湖相泥质烃源岩中不同赋存状态可溶有机质差异性研究.岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(2):78. YANG Y, LEI T Z, GUAN B W, et al. Differences of solvable organic matters with different occurrence states in argillaceous source rocks of coastal shallow-lake facie. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2015, 27(2):78.
[32] 刘文汇, 张建勇, 范明, 等.叠合盆地天然气的重要来源——分散可溶有机质.石油实验地质, 2007, 29(1):2. LIU W H, ZHANG J Y, FAN M, et al. Gas generation character of dissipated soluble organic matter. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2007, 29(1):2.
[33] 郑伦举, 王强, 秦建中, 等. 海相古油藏及可溶有机质再生烃气能力研究.石油实验地质, 2008, 30(4):390-395. ZHENG L J, WANG Q, QIN J Z, et al. Hydrocarbon-regeneration capability of marine Paleo-reservoir and soluble organic matter. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2008, 30(4):390-395.
[34] TISSOT B P, WELTE D H. Petroleum formation and occurrence:a new approach to oil and gas exploration. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 1978.
[35] PEPPER A S, CORVIL P J. Simple kinetic models of petroleum formation. Part I:oil and gas generation from kerogen. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1995, 12(3):291-319.
[36] PEPPER A S, DODD T A. Simple kinetic models of petroleum formation. Part Ⅱ:oil-gas cracking. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1995, 12(3):321-340.
[37] 孟仟祥, 孙敏卓, 房嬛, 等.盐湖相低演化烃源岩的生烃机理及生物标志物演化特征——沥青"A"热模拟. 沉积学报, 2007, 25(5):800-807. MENG Q X, SUN M Z, FANG X, et al. Hydrocarbon generation mechanism and evolution characteristics of biomarkers on lowevolutionary source rocks of the salt lacustrine facies. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007, 25(5):800-807.
[1] Guan Yunwen, Su Siyu, Pu Renhai, Wang Qichao, Yan Sujie, Zhang Zhongpei, Chen Shuo, Liang Dongge. Palaeozoic gas reservoir-forming conditions and main controlling factors in Xunyi area，southern Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 77-88.
[2] WANG Zixin, LIU Guangdi, YUAN Guangjie, YANG Henglin, FU Li, WANG Yuan, CHEN Gang, ZHANG Heng. Characteristics and reservoir control of source rocks of Triassic Chang 7 member in Qingcheng area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 133-144.
[3] YIN Hu, QU Hongjun, SUN Xiaohan, YANG Bo, ZHANG Leigang, ZHU Rongxing. Characteristics of deep-water deposits and evolution law of Triassic Chang 7 reservoir in southeastern Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 145-155.
[4] MOU Feisheng, YIN Xiangdong, HU Cong, ZHANG Haifeng, CHEN Shijia, DAI Linfeng, LU Yifan. Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of tight oil of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 71-84.
[5] DUAN Yifei, ZHAO Weiwei, YANG Tianxiang, LI Fukang, LI Hui, WANG Jianan, LIU Yuchen. Source-reservoir characteristics and accumulation rules of shale gas of Permian Shanxi Formation in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 72-83.
[6] WANG Hongbo, ZHANG Lei, CAO Qian, ZHANG Jianwu, PAN Xing. Sedimentary model of fluvial fan of Permian He-8 member in Ordos Basin and its exploration significance [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 117-126.
[7] CAO Jiangjun, WANG Xi, WANG Liuwei, LI Cheng, SHI Jian, CHEN Zhaobing. Characteristics and main controlling factors of interbedded shale oil reservoirs of Triassic Chang 7 member in Heshui area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 158-171.
[8] LI Qihui, REN Dazhong, NING Bo, SUN Zhen, LI Tian, WAN Cixuan, YANG Fu, ZHANG Shiming. Micro-pore structure characteristics of coal seams of Jurassic Yan’an Formation in Shenmu area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(2): 76-88.
[9] LEI Tao, MO Songyu, LI Xiaohui, JIANG Nan, ZHU Chaobin, WANG Qiao, QU Xuejiao, WANG Jia. Sandbody superimposition patterns and oil and gas exploration significance of Permian Shanxi Formation in Daniudi gas field，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(2): 147-159.
[10] ZHAI Yonghe, HE Dengfa, KAI Baize. Tectonic-depositional environment and prototype basin evolution of Middle-Late Permian in Ordos Basin and adjacent areas [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(1): 32-44.
[11] LONG Shengfang, HOU Yunchao, YANG Chao, GUO Yixuan, ZHANG Jie, ZENG Yali, GAO Nan, LI Shanghong. Sequence stratigraphy and evolution of Triassic Chang 7 to Chang 3 mebers in Qingcheng area，southwestern Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(1): 145-156.
[12] DU Jiangmin, CUI Zihao, JIA Zhiwei, ZHANG Yi, NIE Wancai, LONG Pengyu, LIU Boyuan. Sedimentary characteristics of Ma 55 sub-member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Sulige area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(5): 37-48.
[13] WEI Jiayi, WANG Hongwei, LIU Gang, LI Han, CAO Qian. Sedimentary characteristics of Carboniferous Yanghugou Formation in thrust belt on the western margin of Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(5): 120-130.
[14] YIN Yanshu, DING Wengang, AN Xiaoping, XU Zhenhua. Configuration characterization of Triassic Chang 611reservoir in Sai 160 well area of Ansai oilfield，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(4): 37-49.
[15] XUE Nan, SHAO Xiaozhou, ZHU Guangyou, ZHANG Wenxuan, QI Yalin, ZHANG Xiaolei, OUYANG Siqi, WANG Shumin. Geochemical characteristics and formation environment of source rocks of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Pingliang area，Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(3): 51-65.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] PANG Xiongqi,CHEN Dongxia, ZHANG Jun. Concept and categorize of subtle reservoir and problems in its application[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 1 -8 .
[2] LEI Bianjun, ZHANG Ji,WANG Caili,WANG Xiaorong, LI Shilin, LIU Bin. Control of high r esolution sequence str atigr aphy on microfacies and reservoir s: A case from the upper Ma 5 member in Tong 5 wellblock, Jingbian Gas Field[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 1 -7 .
[3] YANG Jie，WEI Pingsheng， LI Xiangbo. Basic concept, content and research method of petroleum seismogeology[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2010, 22(1): 1 -6 .
[4] WANG Yan-qi1，HU Min-yi1，LIU Fu-yan1，WANG Hui1，HU Zhi-hua1,2. [J]. LITHOLOGIC RESERVOIRS, 2008, 20(3): 44 -48 .
[5] DAI Liming, LI Jianping, ZHOU Xinhuai, CUI Zhongguo, CHENG Jianchun. Depositional system of the Neogene shallow water delta in Bohai Sea area[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(4): 75 -81 .
[6] DUAN Youxiang, CAO Jing, SUN Qifeng. Application of auto-adaptive dip-steering technique to fault recognition[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(4): 101 -107 .
[7] HUANG Long, TIAN Jingchun, XIAO Ling, WANG Feng. Characteristics and evaluation of Chang 6 sandstone reservoir of Upper Triassic in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 83 -88 .
[8] YANG Shiwei, LI Jianming. Characteristics and geological significance of seismites[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 89 -94 .
[9] LI Chuanliang, TU Xingwan. Two types of stress sensitivity mechanisms for reservoir rocks:Being favorable for oil recovery[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 111 -113 .
[10] LI Jun, HUANG Zhilong, LI Jia, LIU Bo. The pool-forming pattern in the condition of arching in the southeast uplift in Songliao Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 57 -61 .
TRENDMD:

Copyright © 2018 Lithologic Reservoirs

Support by Beijing Magtech support@magtech.com.cn