Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 18-28.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20230603

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Key techniques of high-resolution processing of desert seismic data and its application in Agedem area,Niger

SU Qin1,2,3, ZENG Huahui2,3, XU Xingrong2,3, WANG Deying2,3,4, MENG Huijie2   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
    2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Research and Development Center for Exploration and Development Technology of Ultra Deep Complex Oil and Gas Reservoirs, CNPC, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China;
    4. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 257061, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-05-18 Revised:2023-06-09 Online:2023-11-01 Published:2023-11-07

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Abstract: A seismic data processing method was proposed to address the severe high-frequency energy absorption and attenuation of seismic reflection waves by surface sand dunes,which results in low resolution,weak energy,and narrow frequency bandwidth in seismic data from desert areas. The method combines three approaches:nearsurface pre-stack Q compensation with micro-logging constraints,pre-stack depth Q migration,and post-stack compressive sensing frequency extrapolation based on well constraints. The method was tested on data from Agedem area in Niger. The results show that:（1）After applying the micro-logging constrained Q compensation method,the seismic data from Agedem area in Niger showed higher signal-to-noise ratio,improved resolution,smoother continuous reflection axes,enhanced effective information energy,and clearer depiction of small structures. The frequency bandwidth was expanded from 35 Hz to 70 Hz,and the main frequency increased from 30 Hz to 45 Hz.（2）The Q pre-stack depth migration eliminated the attenuation and dispersion caused by non-elastic factors and formation absorption during seismic wave propagation,ensuring imaging accuracy.（3）The results of compressive sensing frequency extrapolation method based on well-constrained data showed better matching with synthetic well records than that of unconstrained extrapolation processing,resulting in improved fidelity. It further enhanced weak signal energy and recovered the energy loss caused by severe absorption attenuation. The positioning accuracy of the 20-40 ms interval in Agedem area of Niger was improved,and the problem of false horizons at 180 ms after unconstrained processing was resolved.（4）The combined method achieved favorable results in Agedem area of Niger. The processed seismic data exhibited clear fault structures,crisp fault section waves,and easily identifiable small fault segments. After calibration with well logging data of well DB1,the correlation coefficient for the entire well section exceeded 0.92.

Key words: pre-stack Q compensation, pre-stack depth Q migration, post-stack compressive sensing frequency extrapolation, absorption attenuation, high resolution, seismic wave, Agedem area in Niger

CLC Number: 

  • P631.4
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