岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 28–34.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250603

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

陆上洪水型优质砂体形成机理——以兰州窑街地区炭洞沟二号坝洪水沉积为例

李相博, 刘化清, 郝彬, 杨占龙, 张晶, 刘震华, 李智勇, 李在光   

  1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院, 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-12 修回日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2025-11-01 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 第一作者:李相博（1965—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，主要从事陆相盆地沉积与石油地质研究工作。地址：（730020）甘肃省兰州市城关区雁儿湾路535号。Email：lixiangbo911@sina.com。
  • 通信作者: 张晶(1977—),女,博士,高级工程师,主要从事沉积储层学方面的研究工作。Email:251987662@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    新型油气勘探开发国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系陆相页岩油勘探开发技术与集成示范”（编号：2025ZD1404800）与国家自然科学基金项目“鄂尔多斯盆地延长组深水块状砂岩形成机理及沉积模式研究”（编号：41772099）联合资助。

Formation mechanism of high-quality sand bodies caused by land floods: A case study of flood sediments of No. 2 dam in Tandonggou, Yaojie area, Lanzhou

LI Xiangbo, LIU Huaqing, HAO Bin, YANG Zhanlong, ZHANG Jing, LIU Zhenhua, LI Zhiyong, LI Zaiguang   

  1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2025-03-12 Revised:2025-06-20 Online:2025-11-01 Published:2025-11-07

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摘要： 通过野外地质考察及实验分析测试，明确了兰州窑街地区炭洞沟泥石流多发地段的洪水沉积特征，并揭示了优质砂体的形成机理。研究结果表明：①兰州窑街地区炭洞沟洪水沉积物分为砂砾石（G）、含砾粗砂（C）、中细砂（MS）及含粉细砂泥质沉积（黏土）（FM）4种类型，自上游向下游有序分布，中细砂（MS）在汇水区下游段连续分布，分选良好，为优质砂体。②研究区洪水沉积物的有序分布与流体搬运过程中泥石流（非牛顿流体）向牵引流（牛顿流体）转化有关，该转化受区域“V”形拐弯河道及地形坡度变化联合控制；牵引流的机械分异作用及高能洪水颗粒间的碰撞破碎是研究区优质砂体形成的主要原因。

关键词: 泥石流, 牵引流, 洪水事件, 优质砂体, C-M图, 现代沉积, 陆相环境

Abstract: Through field geological investigation, and experimental analysis and testing, the characteristics of flood sediments in the debris flow prone areas of Tandonggou in Yaojie area, Lanzhou were clarified, and the formation mechanism of high-quality sand bodies was revealed. The results show that: (1) Flood sediments of Tandonggou in Yaojie area, Lanzhou are classified into four types: gravel(G), coarse sand containing gravel (C), medium fine sand(MS), and silty sediment with fine sand(clay)(FM). They distribute in an orderly manner from upstream to downstream. Medium fine sand(MS)continuously distributes in the downstream section of the catchment area, with good sorting, which is the high-quality sand body.(2) The ordered distribution of flood sediments in study area is related to the transformation of debris flow(non Newtonian fluid)into traction flow(Newtonian fluid)during fluid transport, which is jointly controlled by the"V"-shaped turning river channel and changes in terrain slope in the region.The mechanical differentiation effect of traction and the collision and fragmentation among high-energy flood particles are the main reasons for the formation of high-quality sand bodies in the study area.

Key words: debris flow, traction flow, flood event, high-quality sand body, C-M diagram, modern sedimentation, terrestrial environment

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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