Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 81-91.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250208

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

Sedimentary evolution and favorable reservoir distribution of Permian Qixia Formation in the southern margin of Deyang-Mianyang Sag, Sichuan Basin

LI Ya1, WANG Wei1, ZHAO Like1, LIU Ran1, ZHANG Xihua1, CHEN Yangui1, HUANG Tianhai2, XIAO Di2   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2024-04-19 Revised:2024-11-26 Published:2025-03-06

PDF (PC)

73

Abstract: Based on the comprehensive analysis of core samples，cuttings，well logging，and seismic data，this study investigates the sedimentary microfacies characteristics and evolutionary processes of the Permian Qixia Formation in the southern margin of the Deyang-Mianyang depression，Sichuan Basin. Furthermore，the research delineates favorable reservoir zones based on the aforementioned analysis. The results show that：（1）The southern margin of the Deyang-Mianyang depression in the middle Permian Qixia period is a set of carbonate ramp facies deposits，which are further subdivided into shallow Gentle Slope，deep Gentle Slope-basin subfacies and a variety of microfacies. The lithology is dominated by grained dolomite，sparry bioclastic limestone，micrite bioclastic limestone，bioclastic micrite limestone，micrite limestone and argillaceous limestone.（2）During the sedimentary period of Qi1 Member，the water is relatively deep and the overall development of the beach facies was low. It was only deposited in the Gaoshitai area with relatively high paleotopography. The lithology was dominated by micritic bioclastic limestone，and the sedimentary facies was greatly influenced by the paleotopography. During the lower of Qi2 sedimentary period，the water became shallower，and the shoal facies developed in Gaoshiti area in the upper part of the paleogeomorphology migrated laterally to Moxi area in the lower part of the paleogeomorphology due to the lack of space to accommodate it，the difference of sedimentary geomorphology decreased and reverse. During the upper of Qi2 sedimentary period，the shoal facies in the Moxi area not only experienced vertical accretion but also progressively migrated and expanded towards the Penglai region. Although the topographic relief of the depositional environment decreased during this phase，no significant inversion occurred.（3）The Qixia Formation is mainly composed of dolomite reservoirs，and its development is mainly controlled by factors such as lithology，karst，and fractures. The relatively high-energy particle beach， due to its relatively high sedimentary topography，is prone to exposure and early karstification，forming highquality reservoirs. The high porosity and permeability provide fluid channels for further stacking of dolomite. The high-energy beach is the most developed in the Moxi area，which is the most favorable reservoir zone in the study area，followed by the Penglai area in the north. The periphery of the“Deyang-Mianyang”depression is expected to become the next natural gas accumulation area with a certain scale of facies control.

Key words: particle beach, sedimentary paleogeomorphology, carbonate gentle slope, early karstification, dolo-mitization, Qixia Formation, Permian, Deyang-Mianyang depression, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122
[1] 沈平,张健,宋家荣,等.四川盆地中二叠统天然气勘探新突破的意义及有利勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):1-9. SHEN Ping,ZHANG Jian,SONG Jiarong,et al. Significance of new breakthrough in and favorable targets of gas exploration in the Middle Permian system,Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(7):1-9.
[2] 徐诗雨,林怡,曾乙洋,等.川西北双鱼石地区下二叠统栖霞组气水分布特征及主控因素[J].岩性油气藏,2022,34(1):63-72. XU Shiyu,LIN Yi,ZENG Yiyang,et al. Gas-water distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of Lower Permian Qixia Formation in Shuangyushi area,NW Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2022,34(1):63-72.
[3] 李明隆,谭秀成,罗冰,等.四川盆地西北部中二叠统栖霞组相控早期高频暴露岩溶特征及启示[J].中国石油勘探, 2020,25(3):66-82. LI Minglong,TAN Xiucheng,LUO Bing,et al. Characteristics of facies-controlled and early high-frequency exposed karstifi-cationin the Qixia Formation of Middle Permian in the north-west of Sichuan Basin and its significance[J]. China Petroleum Exploration,2020,25(3):66-82.
[4] 芦飞凡,谭秀成,王利超,等.川中地区中二叠统栖霞组滩控岩溶型白云岩储层特征及主控因素[J].沉积学报,2021,39(2):456-469. LU Feifan,TAN Xiucheng,WANG Lichao,et al. Characteris-tics and controlling factors of dolomite reservoirs within shoalcontrolled Karst in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation,Cen-tral Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2021,39(2):456-469.
[5] 梁宁,郑荣才,邓吉刚,等.川西北地区中二叠统栖霞组沉积相与缓斜坡模式[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(6):58-67. LIANG Ning,ZHENG Rongcai,DENG Jigang et al. Sedimentary facies and gentle slope model of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the northwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(6):58-67.
[6] 冯增昭,杨玉卿,金振奎,等.中国南方二叠纪岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,1996,14(2):3-12. FENG Zengzhao,YANG Yuqing,JIN Zhenkui,et al. Lithofa-cies paleogeography of the Permian of South China[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(2):3-12.
[7] 杨雨,文龙,陈聪,等.四川盆地西部二叠系多期台缘带油气勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2023,30(1):1-10. YANG Yu,WEN Long,CHEN Cong,et al. Oil and gas exploration potential of the Permian multi-stage platform-margin zone, Western Sichuan Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2023,30(1):1-10.
[8] 郝毅,谷明峰,韦东晓,等.四川盆地二叠系栖霞组沉积特征及储层分布规律[J].海相油气地质,2020,25(3):193-201. HAO Yi,GU Mingfeng,WEI Dongxiao,et al. Sedimentary characteristics and reservoir distribution of the Permian Qixia Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2020,25(3):193-201.
[9] 冯明友,高瑞琪,王兴志,等.川西南宝兴地区二叠系栖霞组一段白云岩储层充填序列及流体指示[J].岩性油气藏, 2023,35(2):11-20. FENG Mingyou,GAO Ruiqi,WANG Xingzhi,et al. Sequence filling succession and fluid indication of dolomite reservoirs of the first member of Permian Qixia Formation in Baoxing area, southwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2023, 35(2):11-20.
[10] 李蓉,苏成鹏,贾霍甫,等.川西南地区中二叠统栖霞组白云岩储层特征及成因[J].岩性油气藏,2022,34(4):103-115. LI Rong,SU Chengpeng,JIA Huofu,et al. Reservoir characteristics and genesis of dolomite of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022,34(4):103-115.
[11] 关新,陈世加,苏旺,等.四川盆地西北部栖霞组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J].岩性油气藏,2018,30(2):67-76. GUAN Xin,CHEN Shijia,SU Wang,et al. Carbonate reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in NW Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(2):67-76.
[12] 周刚,田兴旺,文龙,等.四川盆地西部泥盆纪-石炭纪古坳陷存在的新证据及其油气地质意义[J].天然气工业,2023, 43(8):1-11. ZHOU Gang,TIAN Xingwang,WEN Long,et al. New evidence of Devonian-Carboniferous paleo-depression in the western Sichuan Basin and its implications for oil and gas geology[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2023,43(8):1-11.
[13] 宋文海.对四川盆地加里东期古隆起的新认识[J].天然气工业,1987,7(3):6-11. SONG Wenhai. Some new knowledge of caledonian Paleo-uplift in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,1987,7(3):6-11.
[14] 汤艳玲,李凌,谭秀成,等.川西南部地区下二叠统霞阶层序地层特征及岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,2024,42(2):575-592. TANG Yanling,LI Ling,TAN Xiucheng,et al. Sequence stratigraphy and lithofacies paleogeography of the Early Permian Qixia Stage in Southwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimen-tologica Sinica,2024,42(2):575-592.
[15] 李凌,张照坤,李明隆,等.四川盆地威远-高石梯地区二叠系栖霞阶层序地层特征及有利储层分布[J].岩性油气藏, 2022,34(6):32-46. LI Ling,ZHANG Zhaokun,LI Minglong,et al. Sequence strati-graphic characteristics and favorable reservoirs distribution of Permian Qixia Stage in Weiyuan-Gaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2022,34(6):32-46.
[16] 杨雨然,张亚,谢忱,等.川西北地区中二叠统栖霞组热液作用及其对储层的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2019,31(6):44-53. YANG Yuran,ZHANG Ya,XIE Chen,et al. Hydrothermal action of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in northwestern Sichuan Basin and its effect on reservoirs[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019,31(6):44-53.
[17] 魏国齐,杨威,万怡平,等.扬子地块西北缘二叠系-中三叠统层序地层与沉积相展布[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):741-748. WEI Guoqi,YANG Wei,WAN Yiping,et al. Stratigraphic sequence and sedimentary facies distribution of the PermianMiddle Triassic in the northwestern margin of the Yangtze block[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(3):741-748.
[18] 黎荣,胡明毅,杨威,等.四川盆地中二叠统沉积相模式及有利储集体分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(2):369-379. LI Rong,HU Mingyi,YANG Wei,et al. Sedimentary facies model and favorable reservoir distribution of the Middle Permian in Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2019,40(2):369-379.
[19] 胡笙,谭秀成,罗冰,等.四川盆地西北部二叠系栖霞阶层序地层特征及地质意义[J].古地理学报,2020,22(6):1109-1126. HU Sheng,TAN Xiucheng,LUO Bing,et al. Sequence strati-graphic characteristics and geological significance of the Permian Qixia Stage in northwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2020,22(6):1109-1126.
[20] 李明隆,谭秀成,杨雨,等.四川盆地及其邻区下二叠统栖霞阶层序-岩相古地理特征及油气地质意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2022,49(6):1119-1131. LI Minglong,TAN Xiucheng,YANG Yu,et al. Sequencelithofacies paleogeographic characteristics and petroleum geo-logical significance of Lower Permian Qixia Stage in Sichuan Basin and itsadjacent areas,SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2022,49(6):1119-1131.
[21] 杨文杰,谭秀成,李明隆,等.四川盆地威远-高石梯地区中二叠统栖霞组台内薄层白云岩发育特征与成因[J].中国石油勘探,2022,27(4):75-90. YANG Wenjie,TAN Xiucheng,LI Minglong,et al. Development characteristics and genesis of thin layered dolomite of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the platform in WeiyuanGaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022,27(4):75-90.
[22] 刘慧,陈培,吴冬,等.四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区栖霞组沉积模式研究[J].科学技术与工程,2023,23(16):6760-6774. LIU Hui,CHEN Pei,WU Dong,et al. Sedimentary models of Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti-Moxi area of Sichuan Basin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2023,23(16):6760-6774.
[23] 彭金宁,杜崇娇,李龙龙,等.四川盆地中二叠世岩相古地理及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2023,45(1):49-59. PENG Jinning,DU Chongjiao,Ll Longlong,et al. Lithofacies palaeogeography of Middle Permian in the Sichuan Basin and its petroleum geological significance[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2023,45(1):49-59.
[24] 李凤杰,屈雪林,杜凌春,等.龙门山甘溪土桥子组碳酸盐岩沉积相及其演化[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(5):6-12. LI Fengjie,QU Xuelin,DU Lingchun,et al. Carbonate facies and sedimentary evolution of Upper Devonian Tuqiaozi Formation in Ganxi section of Longmen Mountain[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(5):6-12.
[25] 杨帅,陈安清,张玺华,等.四川盆地二叠纪栖霞-茅口期古地理格局转换及勘探启示[J].沉积学报,2021,39(6):1466-1477. YANG Shuai,CHEN Anqing,ZHANG Xihua,et al. Paleogeo-graphic Transition of the Permian Chihsia-Maokou Period in the Sichuan Basin and indications for oil-gas exploration[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2021,39(6):1466-1477.
[26] 夏国清,伊海生,黄华谷,等.北羌塘盆地中侏罗统布曲组缓坡相及沉积演化[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(2):29-34. XIA Guoqing,YI Haisheng,HUANG Huagu,et al. Carbonate ramp facies and sedimentary evolution of Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in northern Qiangtang Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(2):29-34.
[27] 张本健,赵立可,陈骁,等.四川盆地西部早古生代凹陷演化过程及其油气地质意义[J].天然气工业,2021,41(10):20-28. ZHANG Benjian,ZHAO Like,CHEN Xiao,et al. Evolution process of Early Paleozoic depression in the western Sichuan Basin and its petroleum geological implications[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2021,41(10):20-28.
[28] ZHONG Yuan,YANG Yueming,WEN Long,et al. Sedimentary environments controlled by tectonics and induced differential subsidence:A perspective in the Permian Liangshan and Qixia Formations,northwestern Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Jour-nal of Central South University,2020,27:3398-3416.
[29] 冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法-定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19. FENG Zengzhao. Single factor analysis and multifactor com-prehensive mapping method-reconstruction of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2004,6(1):3-19.
[30] 陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气勘探[J].中国石油勘探,2007(5):1-11. CHEN Zongqing. Exploration for natural gas in Middle Permian Maokou Formation of Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration,2007(5):1-11.
[31] 罗志锋,黄静云,何天舒,等.碳酸盐岩储层酸压裂缝高度延伸规律:以川西栖霞组为例[J].岩性油气藏,2020,32(2):169-176. LUO Zhifeng,HUANG Jingyun,HE Tianshu,et al. Extending regularity of fracture height by acid fracturing in carbonate reser-voir:A case study of Qixia Formation in western Sichuan[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2020,32(2):169-176.
[32] 唐思哲,谭秀成,李明隆,等.川中南部下二叠统栖霞组白云岩储层特征及主控因素[J].天然气地球科学,2023,34(3):388-401. TANG Sizhe,TAN Xiucheng,LI Minglong,et al. Characteris-tics and main controlling factors of dolomite reservoirs in the Lower Permian Qixia Formation in south of central Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2023,34(3):388-401.
[33] 何江,连志华,罗文军,等.台内滩型薄层状白云岩储集层特征及主控因素:以四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区中二叠统栖霞组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2024,51(1):62-73. HE Jiang,LIAN Zhihua,LUO Wenjun,et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of intra-platform shoal thin-layer dolomite reservoirs:A case study of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti-Moxi area of Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2024,51(1):62-73.
[1] LIU Yong, LIU Yongyang, ZHAO Shengxian, YIN Meixuan, LI Bo, CHEN Lei, WU Shuaicai, XIE Shengyang. Paleogeomorphological characteristics and reservoir control of the sedimentary period of Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Luzhou-Yuxi area [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(2): 49-59.
[2] LI Ling, DENG Yu, ZHANG Xinyu, LUO Wenjun, ZHAO Dongfang, ZENG Jianjun, LIU Yun, TAN Xiucheng. Genesis and geological significance of foam-spongy dolomite in the second member of Sinian Dengying Formation in Penglai-Gaomo area, central Sichuan [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(2): 60-69.
[3] LUO Bing, WEN Huaguo, LIAO Yisha, ZHANG Bing, YAO Yongjun, WEN Siyu, YANG Kai. Shale reservoirs characteristics and favorable areas distribution of the second member of Permian Wujiaping Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 1-12.
[4] QIAN Yongxin, ZHAO Yi, LIU Xinlong, LIU Hong, LIU Guoliang, ZHU Tao, ZOU Yang, CHEN Fangwen. Reservoir characteristics and high yield control factors of Permian Fengcheng Formation shale oil reservoir in Mahu Sag [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 115-125.
[5] YANG Jie, ZHANG Wenping, DING Chaolong, SHI Cunying, MA Yunhai. Characteristics and main controlling factors of tight gas reservoirs in the second member of Triassic Xujiahe Formation，central Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 137-148.
[6] YAN Xueying, SANG Qin, JIANG Yuqiang, FANG Rui, ZHOU Yadong, LIU Xue, LI Shun, YUAN Yongliang. Main controlling factors for the high yield of tight oil in the Jurassic Da’anzhai Section in the western area of Gongshanmiao, Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 98-109.
[7] BAI Yubin, LI Mengyao, ZHU Tao, ZHAO Jingzhou, REN Haijiao, WU Weitao, WU Heyuan. Geochemical characteristics of source rocks and evaluation of shale oil “sweet spot”of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Mahu Sag [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 110-121.
[8] WANG Yifeng, TIAN Jixian, LI Jian, QIAO Tong, LIU Chenglin, ZHANG Jingkun, SHA Wei, SHEN Xiaoshuang. Geochemical characteristics of Permian condensate oil and gas and phase types in southwest of Mahu Sag [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 149-159.
[9] ZHOU Gang, YANG Dailin, SUN Yiting, YAN Wei, ZHANG Ya, WEN Huaguo, HE Yuan, LIU Sibing. Sedimentary filling process and petroleum geological significance of Cambrian Canglangpu Formation in Sichuan Basin and adjacent areas [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 25-34.
[10] ZHANG Xiaoli, WANG Xiaojuan, ZHANG Hang, CHEN Qin, GUAN Xu, ZHAO Zhengwang, WANG Changyong, TAN Yaojie. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in Wubaochang area，northeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 87-98.
[11] YANG Xuefeng, ZHAO Shengxian, LIU Yong, LIU Shaojun, XIA Ziqiang, XU Fei, FAN Cunhui, LI Yutong. Main controlling factors of shale gas enrichment of Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Ningxi area，Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 99-110.
[12] CHEN Kang, DAI Juncheng, WEI Wei, LIU Weifang, YAN Yuanyuan, XI Cheng, LYU Yan, YANG Guangguang. Lithofacies classification of tight sandstone based on Bayesian Facies-AVO attributes：A case study of the first member of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in central Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 111-121.
[13] QIU Yuchao, LI Yading, WEN Long, LUO Bing, YAO Jun, XU Qiang, WEN Huaguo, TAN Xiucheng. Structural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation model of Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 122-132.
[14] YANG Haibo, FENG Dehao, YANG Xiaoyi, GUO Wenjian, HAN Yang, SU Jiajia, YANG Huang, LIU Chenglin. Characteristics of source rocks and thermal evolution simulation of Permian Pingdiquan Formation in Dongdaohaizi Sag，Junggar Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 156-166.
[15] BAO Hanyong, ZHAO Shuai, ZHANG Li, LIU Haotian. Exploration achievements and prospects for shale gas of Middle-Upper Permian in Hongxing area，eastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 12-24.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
TRENDMD:

Copyright © 2018 Lithologic Reservoirs

Support by Beijing Magtech support@magtech.com.cn