Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 73-83.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250407

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

Multi-phase fluid activities and hydrocarbon accumulation process of Permian Qixia Formation，southwestern Sichuan Basin

YAN Weitao1, LIAO Yun1, HUANG Wenming2, ZHANG Benjian3, HU Xin3, LI Wenzheng4, WU Juan1, DENG Bin1   

  1. 1. College of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
    2. Sulige Project Management Department, Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., CNPC, Ordos 071300, Inner Mongolia, China;
    3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, China;
    4. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Hangzhou 310023, China
  • Received:2025-02-17 Revised:2025-03-24 Published:2025-07-05

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Abstract: Based on core observation，thin section identification，cathodoluminescence analysis，fluid inclusion testing，and U-Pb dating technology，the characteristics of petrology and fluid activities of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin were analyzed.The mineral filling sequence and stages of hydrocarbon accumulation were systematically revealed，and the reservoir formation models were clarified.The results show that： （1）The reservoirs of Permian Qixia Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin mainly distribute in the Qi-2 Member，mainly composed of fractured-vuggy dolomite reservoirs formed through dissolution modification，followed by limestone reservoirs. The reservoir space is predominantly composed of inherited dissolution pores and fractures，which are mostly filled with calcite（2）Qixia Formation reservoirs in the study area exhibit three stages of mineral filling within the pores and cavities，sequentially developed as follows： The first stage is fine-medium crystalline dolomite（Late Permian，253.0±12.0 Ma），characterized by the development of saline fluid inclusions，reflecting low-temperature hydrothermal activity during Late Permian tectonic uplift. The second stage is saddle shaped dolomite（Early Triassic，244.2±9.5 Ma），coexisting with medium to high maturity blue-green fluorescent hydrocarbon inclusions and saline fluid inclusions，with homogenization temperature of 110-115 ℃， indicating hydrothermal fluid and crude oil joint filling during the early stage of Indosinian movement. The third stage is medium-crystalline calcite（Late Jurassic，158.0±38.0 Ma），accompanied by high maturity blue fluorescent oil inclusions and high-temperature saline fluid inclusions，with homogenization temperature of 180-185 ℃，corresponding to the secondary migration of deep crude oil driven by Yanshanian tectonic thermal events. （3）Qixia Formation hydrocarbon reservoir in the study area are mixed-source supply of hydrocarbons formed by two sets of source rocks from Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Middle Permian. The hydrocarbon accumulation process have experienced two key charging stages，namely the initial charging of hydrocarbons in Early Triassic to form the paleo-oil reservoir and the re-charging of deep crude oil in Late Jurassic to adjust and shape the paleo-oil reservoir.

Key words: fractured-vuggy reservoir, dolomite, mineral filling sequence, fluid activity, fluid inclusion, mixedsource hydrocarbon supply, paleo-oil reservoir, Qixia Formation, Middle Permian, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.1
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