Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 145-154.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250513

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

Characteristics and geological significance of volcanic ash of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the central depression of northern Songliao Basin

LIU Lijuan1,2, LI Junhui1,2, FU Xiuli1,2, BAI Yue1,2, ZHENG Qiang1,2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China;
    2. Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2024-12-11 Revised:2024-12-31 Published:2025-09-06

PDF (PC)

16

Abstract: Through analyses of core observation，argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscopy，whole rock X-ray diffraction and zircon U-Pb dating，the types，mineral components，distribution characteristics，and zircon U-Pb dating of rocks contained volcanic ash from Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the central depression of Songliao Basin were analyzed. The organic matter enrichment influence of Gulong shale was analyzed from tectonic environment，volcanic eruption period，and global hypoxia event.The results show that：（1）Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin mainly develop gray and gray white tuff，with a single layer thickness of 0.5-3.0 cm. The mineral composition is mainly clay（illite-montmorillonite mixed layer），with a mass fraction exceeding 50%，followed by siderite，feldspar，and quartz，and some pyrite. The tuff beds exhibit either abrupt contacts or scalloped contact with adjacent layers.（2）Vertically，the volcanic ash in the study area is mainly distributed in the first and second sections of Qingshankou Formation，and the thickness of the volcanic ash in the first section is larger. While in the plane，the thickness of the volcanic ash exhibits“west thick and east thin”in the first section of Qingshankou Formation，and“east thick and west thin”in the second section，the average age of volcanic ash is 93.820 ± 0.240 Ma.（3）In the study area，during the initial stage of sedimentation of Qingshankou Formation，the dual effects of rapid thermal subsidence and extensional stress tectonic background provided the driving force for volcanic eruptions. The eruption of volcanic ash provided nutrients for the reproduction of creatures，such as lacustrine algae，and the enrichment of organic matter. At least 6 periods of volcanic ash beds have deposited in the shale series of the first and second sections of Qiangshankou Formation，representing 6 volcanic eruption episodes. The volcanic ash in Q1 layer of the first section is formed by magma eruption around the western periphery of the basin，while the volcanic ash of the second section mainly originates from volcanic eruption materials in the eastern part of the basin.（4）The formation time of volcanic ash from Qingshankou Formation in the study area is consistent with the time of global hypoxia event OAE2（93.6-94.3 Ma）. The nutrient materials brought by volcanic ash are the important guarantee for the sustained biological bloom and organic matter enrichment over the subsequent 0.04-0.08 Ma.

Key words: volcanic ash, zircon U-Pb dating, global hypoxia events, extensional structure, rapid thermal subsidence, Gulong shale, Qingshankou Formation, Cretaceous, Songliao Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE121.3
[1] MASLOV A V. Volcanic tuffs,red-and usual-colored clayey rocks in Upper Riphean-Vendian deposits in the middle and southern Urals:Comparison of lithochemical characteristics[J]. Lithology and Mineral Resources,2021,56:132-151.
[2] ROBOCK A.Volcanic eruptions and climate[J]. Reviews of Geophysics,2000,38(2):191-219.
[3] SELF S,WIDDOWSON M,THORDARSON T,et al. Volatile fluxes during flood basalt eruptions and potential effects on the global environment:A Deccan perspective[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248(1/2):518-532.
[4] ZHAO Jing,WAN Xiaoqiao,XI Dangpeng,et al. Late Cretaceous palynology and paleoclimate change:Evidence from the SK1(South)core,Songliao Basin,NE China[J]. Science China Earth Sciences,2014,57:2985-2997.
[5] 梁新平,金之钧,刘全有,等. 火山灰对富有机质页岩形成的影响:以西西伯利亚盆地中生界巴热诺夫组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2021,42(1):201-211. LIANG Xinping,JIN Zhijun,LIU Quanyou,et al. Impact of volcanic ash on the formation of organic-rich shale:A case study on the Mesozoic Bazhenov Formation,West Siberian Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology,2021,42(1):201-211.
[6] 吴蓝宇,陆永潮,蒋恕,等. 上扬子区奥陶系五峰组-志留系龙马溪组沉积期火山活动对页岩有机质富集程度的影响[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2018,45(5):806-816. WU Lanyu,LU Yongchao,JIANG Shu,et al. Effects of volcanic activities in Ordovician Wufeng-Silurian Longmaxi period on organic-rich shale in the Upper Yangtze area,South China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(5):806-816.
[7] 邱振,卢斌,陈振宏,等. 火山灰沉积与页岩有机质富集关系探讨:以五峰组-龙马溪组含气页岩为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2019,37(6):1296-1308. QIU Zhen,LU Bin,CHEN Zhenhong,et al. Discussion of the relationship between volcanic ash layers and organic enrichment of black shale:A case study of the Wufeng-Longmaxi gas shales in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2019,37(6):1296-1308.
[8] 潘永帅,黄志龙,郭小波,等. 火山灰影响下的湖相富有机质页岩油成藏条件分析:以三塘湖盆地条湖-马朗凹陷芦草沟组为例[J]. 地质学报,2022,96(3):1053-1068. PAN Yongshuai,HUANG Zhilong,GUO Xiaobo,et al. Analysis of accumulation conditions of lacustrine organic-rich shale oil affected by volcanic ash:A case study of the Lucaogou Formation in the Tiaohu-Malang sag,Santanghu Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2022,96(3):1053-1068.
[9] 张文正,杨华,彭平安,等. 晚三叠世火山活动对鄂尔多斯盆地长7 优质烃源岩发育的影响[J]. 地球化学,2009,38(6):573-582. ZHANG Wenzheng,YANG Hua,PENG Ping'an,et al. The influence of Late Triassic volcanism on the development of Chang 7 high grade hydrocarbon source rock in Ordos Basin[J]. Geochimica,2009,38(6):573-582.
[10] 王建强,刘池洋,李行,等. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组长7段凝灰岩形成时代、物质来源及其意义[J]. 沉积学报,2017,35(4):691-704. WANG Jianqiang,LIU Chiyang,LI Xing,et al. Geochronology,Potential source and regional implications of tuff intervals in Chang-7 Member of Yanchang Formation,south of Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2017,35(4):691-704.
[11] 张赫,王小军,贾承造,等. 松辽盆地北部中浅层全油气系统特征与油气成藏聚集模式[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2023,50(4):683-694. ZHANG He,WANG Xiaojun,JIA Chengzao,et al. Total petroleum system and hydrocarbon accumulation model in shallow and medium strata in northern Songliao Basin,NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(4):683-694.
[12] FU Xiuli,MENG Qi'an,BAI Yue,et al. Quantitative analysis of paleoenvironment of Qingshankou Formation in northern Songliao Basin,Northeastern China[J]. Interpretation,2022,10(3):SD75-SD87.
[13] LI Zhongquan,CHEN Junliang,ZOU Hao,et al. MesozoicCenozoic tectonic evolution and dynamics of the Songliao Basin, NE Asia:Implications for the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and subduction of the PaleoPacific Ocean[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2021,218:103471.
[14] FENG Youliang,YANG Zhi,ZHU Jichang,et al. Sequence stratigraphy in post-rift river-dominated lacustrine delta deposits:A case study from the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, northern Songliao Basin,northeastern China[J]. Geological Journal,2021,56(1):316-336.
[15] FENG Youliang,ZOU Caineng,LI Jianzhong,et al. Sediment gravity-flow deposits in Late Cretaceous Songliao postrift downwarped lacustrine basin,northeastern China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2021,134:105378.
[16] 王璞珺,高有峰,程日辉,等. 松科1井南孔白垩系青山口组二、三段沉积序列精细描述:岩石地层、沉积相与旋回地层[J]. 地学前缘,2009,16(2):288-313. WANG Pujun,GAO Youfeng,CHENG Rihui,et a1. Description of Cretaceous sedimentary sequence of the second and third member of the Qingshankou Formation recovered by CCSDSK-Is borehole in Songliao Basin:Lithostratigraphy,sedimentary facies and cyclic stratigraphy[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2009,16(2):288-313.
[17] 高有峰,王璞珺,程日辉,等. 松科1井南孔白垩系青一段沉积序列精细描述:岩石地层、沉积相与旋回地层[J]. 地学前缘,2009,16(2):314-323. GAO Youfeng,WANG Pujun,CHENG Rihui,et a1. Description of Cretaceous sedimentary sequence of the first member of the Qingshankou Formation recovered by CCSD-SK-Is borehole in Songliao Basin:Lithostratigraphy,sedimentary facies and cyclic stratigraphy[J]. Earth Science Frontier,2009,16(2):314-323.
[18] 王国栋,程日辉,王璞珺,等. 松辽盆地青山口组震积岩的特征、成因及其构造火山事件[J]. 岩石学报,2010,26(1):121-129. WANG Guodong,CHENG Rihui,WANG Pujun,et a1. Coniacian seismites:Structure,sequence and volcanogenic origin of Qingshankou Formation in the Cretaceous Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(1):121-129.
[19] 孔惠,黄永建,黄清华,等. 松辽盆地白垩系青山口阶缺氧事件层的有机地球化学特征[J]. 地学前缘,2009,16(6):96-103. KONG Hui,HUANG Yongjian,HUANG Qinghua,et a1. Organic geochemical characteristics of anoxic levels in the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of Songliao Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(6):96-103.
[20] 黄清华,谭伟,杨会臣. 松辽盆地白垩纪地层序列与年代地层[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发,1999,18(6):15-28. HUANG Qinghua,TAN Wei,YANG Huichen. Stratigraphic succession and Chronosrata of Cretaceous in Songliao Basin.[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 1999,18(6):15-28.
[21] 党毅敏.松辽盆地青山口组地质时代探讨[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(4):31-34. DANG Yimin. Discussion of the geological age of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2011,30(4):31-34.
[22] 何文渊,蒙启安,付秀丽,等. 松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组页岩沉积环境特征及其有机质富集机理[J]. 沉积学报,2024, 42(5):1799-1816. HE Wenyuan,MENG Qi'an,FU Xiuli,et al. Geochemical study of the sedimentary environment and its organic matter enrichment mechanism in Qingshankou Formation shale,Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2024,42(5):1799-1816.
[23] 王国栋,程日辉,王璞珺,等. 松辽盆地嫩江组白云岩形成机理:以松科1井南孔为例[J]. 地质学报,2008,82(1):48-54. WANG Guodong,CHENG Rihui,WANG Pujun,et al. The forming mechanism of dolostone of Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin:Example from CCSD-SK Ⅱ[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(1):48-54.
[24] 冯子辉,霍秋立,曾花森,等. 松辽盆地古龙页岩有机质组成与有机质孔形成演化[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发,2021,40(5):40-55. FENG Zihui,HUO Qiuli,ZENG Huasen,et al. Organic matter compositions and organic pore evolution in Gulong shale of Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2021,40(5):40-55.
[25] 付秀丽,蒙启安,郑强,等. 松辽盆地古龙页岩有机质丰度旋回性与岩相古地理[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发,2022,41(3):38-52. FU Xiuli,MENG Qi'an,ZHENG Qiang,et al. Cyclicity of organic matter abundance and lithofacies paleogeography of Gulong shale in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2022,41(3):38-52.
[26] HOSKIN P W O,SCHALTEGGER U. The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis[J]. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,2003,53(1):27-62.
[27] KRAVCHINSKY V A,COGNE J P,HARBERT W P,et al. Evolution of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean as constrained by new palaeomagnetic data from the Mongol-Okhotsk suture zone,Siberia[J]. Geophysical Journal International,2002,148(1):34-57.
[28] OTOFUJI Y I,TAKAAKI M,RYO E,et al. Late Cretaceous palaeomagnetic results from Sikhote Alin,far eastern Russia:Tectonic implications for the eastern margin of the Mongolia Block[J]. Geophysical Journal International,2003,152(1):202-214.
[29] STEPASHKO A A. The Cretaceous dynamics of the Pacific plate and stages of magmatic activity in Northeastern Asia[J]. Geotectonics,2006,40(3):225-235.
[30] 刘招君,王东坡,刘立,等. 松辽盆地白垩纪沉积特征[J]. 地质学报,1992,66(4):327-338. LIU Zhaojun,WANG Dongpo,LIU Li,et a1. Sedimentary characteristics of the Cretaceous Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,1992,66(4):327-338.
[31] 万晓樵,李罡,陈丕基,等. 松辽盆地白垩纪青山口阶的同位素地层标志及其与海相Cenomanian阶的对比[J]. 地质学报,2005,79(2):150-156. WAN Xiaoqiao,LI Gang,CHEN Piji,et a1. Isotope stratigraphy of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin and its correlation with marine Cenomanian stage[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(2):150-156.
[32] 胡修棉,李娟,韩中,等. 中新生代两类极热事件的环境变化、生态效应与驱动机制[J]. 中国科学:地球科学,2020,50(8):1023-1043. HU Xiumian,LI Juan,HAN Zhong,et al. Two types of hyperthermal events in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic:Environmental impacts,biotic effects,and driving mechanisms[J]. Scientia Sinica(Terrae),2020,50(8):1023-1043.
[33] ERBA E. Calcareous nannofossils and Mesozoic oceanic anoxic events[J]. Marine Micropaleontology,2004,52(1):85-106.
[34] COCCIONI R,LUCIANI V,MARSILI A. Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events and radially elongated chambered planktonic foraminifera:Paleoecological and paleoceanographic implications[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology, 2006,235(1/2/3):66-92.
[35] WAN Xiaoqiao,ZHAO Jing,SCOTT R W,et al. Late Cretaceous stratigraphy,Songliao Basin,NE China:SKI cores[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2013,385:31-43.
[36] HE Huaiyu,DENG Chenglong,WANG Pujun,et al. Toward age determination of the termination of the Cretaceous Normal Superchron[J]. Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,2012,13(2):1-8.
[37] WANG Tiantian,RAMEZANI J,WANG Chengshan,et al. Highprecision U-Pb geochronologic constraints on the Late Cretaceous terrestrial cyclostratigraphy and geomagnetic polarity from the Songliao Basin,Northeast China[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2016,446(97):37-44.
[38] 黄清华,吴怀春,万晓樵,等. 松辽盆地白垩系综合年代地层学研究新进展[J]. 地层学杂志,2011,35(3):250-257. HUANG Qinghua,WU Huaichun,WAN Xiaoqiao,et al. New progress of integrated chronostratigraphy of the Cretaceous in Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy,2011,35(3):250-257.
[39] WIGNALL P B,SUN Yadong,BOND D P G,et al. Volcanism, mass extinction,and carbon isotope fluctuations in the Middle Permian of China[J]. Science,2009,324(5931):1179-1182.
[40] BOND D P G,HILTON J,WIGNALL P B,et al. The Middle Permian(Capitanian)mass extinction on land and in the ocean[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2010,102:100-116.
[41] SU Wenbo,HUFF W D,ETTENSOHN F R,et al. K-bentonite black-shale and flysch successions at the Ordovician-Silurian transition,South China:Possible sedimentary responses to the accretion of Cathaysia to the Yangtze Block and its implications for the evolution of Gondwana[J]. Gondwana Research,2009, 15(1):111-130.
[42] GAIBOR J,HOCHULI J P A,WINKLER W,et al. Hydrocarbon source potential of the Santiago Formation,Oriente Basin, SE of Ecuador[J]. Journal of South American Earth Science, 2008,25(2):145-156.
[43] JIBES M T,GISLASON S R. Rapid releases of metal salts and nutrients following the deposition of volcanic ash into aqueous environments[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,72(15):3661-3680.
[44] WAINMAN C C,MCCABE P J,CROWLEY J L. New insights on the age and stratigraphy of the Cisuralian succession in the Cooper Basin,Australia,based on U-Pb CA-TIMS dating of volcanic air-fall tuffs[J]. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2021,69(4):497-508.
[1] ZHANG Yunfeng, SHI Xiaodong, LIU Zongbao, YANG Xuewei, WANG Hongjun, HAO Bin. Structural-lithologic trap types and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation of Cretaceous in Longhupao Oilfield，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(5): 111-121.
[2] ZHANG Ziwei, LIU Junqiao, LI Jiaona, HU Xinlei, WU Hao, LYU Yanfang, JIANG Fei. Fault development characteristics and controlling on hydrocarbon accumulation of medium-shallow layers in Yuzijing area of southern Songliao Basin，NE China [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(4): 105-114.
[3] HU Changhao, PEI Jiaxue, CAI Guogang. Hydrocarbon continuous accumulation conditions of Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Ludong Sag，Kailu Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(3): 1-12.
[4] RAN Yixuan, DU Changpeng, ZHANG Jingjing. Accumulation condition of “below the source rock” tight oil in the 4th member of Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Putaohua Oilfield， northern Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(3): 47-58.
[5] HE Xing, JIN Wei, ZHANG Fan, HUO Qiuli, LI Yue, BAO Junchi, LIU Lu, ZENG Qingbing. Geochemical characteristics and source of crude oil of Cretaceous Tongbomiao Formation in Urxun Depression，Hailar Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 41-52.
[6] CHEN Hongguo, ZHANG Fengqi, JIANG Qingchun, LIU Hongyan, SUN Lidong, LIU Gang. Overpressure-generating mechanism and its evolution characteristics of Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 102-114.
[7] WEI Huan, SHAN Changan, ZHU Songbai, HUANG Zhongxin, LIU Hanguang, ZHU Bing, WU Changtao. Fracture development characteristics and geological significance of tight sandstone of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area，Kuqa Depression [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(1): 149-160.
[8] RAN Yixuan, WANG Jian, ZHANG Yi. Favorable exploration area and formation condition of bedrock reservoir in the of central paleo-uplift，northern Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 66-76.
[9] QU Weihua, TIAN Ye, DONG Changchun, GUO Xiaobo, LI Lili, LIN Siya, XUE Song, YANG Shihe. Characteristics of Cretaceous source rocks and their controlling effect on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dehui Fault Depression，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 122-134.
[10] XIAO Boya. Characteristics and favorable zone distribution of tuff reservoirt of Cretaceous in A’nan sag，Erlian Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(6): 135-148.
[11] WANG Hongxing, HAN Shiwen, HU Jia, PAN Zhihao. Prediction and main controlling factors of tuff reservoirs of Cretaceous Huoshiling Formation in Dehui fault depression，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 35-45.
[12] YANG Weihua. Hydrocarbon accumulation model and main controlling factors of tight oil of the fourth member of Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in Shuangcheng fault depression，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 25-34.
[13] ZHOU Hongfeng, WU Haihong, YANG Yuxi, XIANG Hongying, GAO Jihong, HE Haowen, ZHAO Xu. Sedimentary characteristics of fan delta front of the fourth member of Cretaceous A’ershan Formation in Bayindulan Sag，Erlian Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 85-97.
[14] TIAN Ya, LI Junhui, CHEN Fangju, LI Yue, LIU Huaye, ZOU Yue, ZHANG Xiaoyang. Tight reservoir characteristics and favorable areas prediction of Lower Cretaceous Nantun Formation in central fault depression zone of Hailar Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 136-146.
[15] HE Wenyuan, ZHAO Ying, ZHONG Jianhua, SUN Ningliang. Characteristics and significance of micron pores and micron fractures in shale oil reservoirs of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Gulong sag，Songliao Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 1-18.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
TRENDMD:

Copyright © 2018 Lithologic Reservoirs

Support by Beijing Magtech support@magtech.com.cn