Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 59-70.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250606

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

A method and application of identifying shale bedding structures based on FMI image micro-electrical conductivity curve time-frequency information: A case study on the first member of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in Zizhong area of Sichuan Basin

YANG Yang1, WANG Haiqing2, SHI Xuewen1, ZENG Yuting2, GAO Xiang1, LI Jinyong2, ZHANG Xuanang3,4, YAN Jianping3,4,5   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Shale Gas, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu 610500, China;
    2. Shandong Leading Petro-Tech Co., Ltd., Dongying 257100, Shandong, China;
    3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
    4. Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
    5. National Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2025-01-24 Revised:2025-03-28 Published:2025-11-07

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Abstract: With Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation shale of well ZX01 in Zizhong area of Sichuan Basin as the case study, a new method was proposed to identify laminatedion developed intervals and bedding structures by extracting the equivalent micro-conductivity curve (EC) from FMI images to construct a lamination concentration curve(LC). LC curves response characteristics of shale bedding structures were discussed, and the application effectiveness of the LC curve in lithofacies identification and shale gas"sweet spot"evaluation was analyzed. The results show that: (1) An improved Criminisi algorithm was used to restore FMI dynamic images, extract the EC curve from the restored images, perform spectral analysis on the curve, compare the frequency distribution differences between laminated intervals and massive intervals, and perform Fourier band-pass filtering to obtain a laminar signal-enhanced curve. Absolute value and envelope processing were then applied to derive a curve (LC) reflecting the degree of laminar development.(2) Laminated intervals in the first member of Qiongzhusi Formation in the study area mainly distribute in sub-layers 1, 3 and 5, with LC values generally greater than 0.16. LC values of bedded structures are below 0.16, while LC values of massive structures are the lowest.(3) When using machine learning models for shale lithofacies identification, incorporating the LC curve as a feature input improved lithofacies recognition accuracy by 3%. The LC value exhibits positive correlations with TOC, brittleness index, free gas content, and adsorbed gas content, and exhibits a weak negative correlation with porosity. Higher LC values indicate more developed laminations, higher TOC content, and higher brittle mineral content. During hydraulic fracturing, intervals with higher brittleness index are more conducive to fracture propagation, and the development of superimposed laminations can form a complex fracture network system, which increase shale gas well productivity.

Key words: shale lamination, shale lithofacies, bedding structure, time-frequency information, FMI image, micro-electrical conductivity curve, Qiongzhusi Formation, Cambrian, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • P583
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