Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 125-135.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260512

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Sedimentary characteristics and exploration potential of the large-scale channel belt in Shan23 submember of Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin

FAN Yujie1,2(), WAN Yongping3, PU Renhai2(), SHE Yinnan3, CUI Hongjun4, GAO Xiaoping3   

  1. 1 CNOOC Supervision & Consultancy Center, Engineering Technology Branch of CNOOC Energy Technology & Services Limited, Tianjin 300450, China
    2 Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
    3 Gasfield Company, Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 716000, China
    4 No. 1 Gas Production Plant, Yanchang Petroleum(Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710000, China
  • Received:2026-02-28 Revised:2026-05-09 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-09-04
  • Contact: PU Renhai E-mail:fanyj6@cnooc.com.cn;purenhai@126.com

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Abstract:

Based on 3D seismic, logging, core and field outcrop data, sedimentary characteristics, sand body distribution, source rock distribution and sedimentary facies models of Shan2³ submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area of Ordos Basin were systematically analyzed, and the exploration potential was clarified. The results show that: （1） Shan2³ submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area was deposited under a marine-continental transitional setting, with a weak reducing sedimentary environment and obvious differentiation of hydrodynamic conditions. Its sedimentary system is dominated by delta plains, locally develops delta front. Sedimentary microfacies are mainly distributary channels, followed by underwater distributary channels and interdistributary bays,with marshes and sheet sands locally observed. Sand bodies are superimposed in multiple stages with good lateral connectivity, and gradually pinch out from north to south. （2） The distribution of sand bodies of Shan2³ submember in the study area exhibits a large north-south trending channel belt, with a width of 10-15 km and a length of 50-60 km. Within the channel belt, sand bodies are developed on a large scale, with a thickness of 15-20 m,and mostly composed of 2 to 3 superimposed sandstone layers, thick in the central part and thinning toward the east and west sides. Outside the channel belt, sand bodies are mostly superimposed thin-layer sandstones, with thicknesses of 5-7 m. The thickness of Shan2³ submember sand bodies shows an inverse correlation with that of Taiyuan Formation. （3） Source rocks in the study area are mainly coal seams and dark mudstones. Their distribution is controlled by the channel belt, showing spatial differences both inside and outside the channel belt as well as north-south differentiation. Source rocks are sporadically developed within the channel belt but enriched on its flanks, showing thickness pattern of thick in the south and thin in the north. （4） The sedimentary facies model of Shan2³ submember in the study area is as follows: In the late depositional stage of Taiyuan Formation, large-scale regression occurred, the north-south trending fluvial-deltaic provenance system advanced towards southeastern Ordos Basin and intensely scoured the limestone of Taiyuan Formation, developing a large delta plain distributary channel belt in Shan2³ submember in the central part of the region. Residual seawater in low-lying areas on the east and west sides formed lakes and marshes,which received clastic sediments from tributary channels, forming a sedimentary system of marsh facies and small-scale delta front underwater distributary channel.

Key words: distributary channel belt, sedimentary facies, delta plain-delta front, logging facies, source rock, Shan2³ submember, Taiyuan Formation, Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE121.3

Fig. 1

Structural location of Yan’an-Ganquan area (a), sandstone thickness plane distribution characteristics of Shan23 submember in the 3D seismic area of 1# well block in the north part (b) and comprehensive stratigraphic column (c), Ordos Basin"

Fig. 2

Field outcrop profiles of Shan23 submember in eastern basin and sandstone sedimentary structure photos of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 3

Cumulative probability curve of sandstone grain size of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 4

Logging facies chart of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 5

Logging facies-sedimentary facies of the second member of Shanxi Formation in Yan’an-Ganquan area of well 9#, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 6

Logging facies-sedimentary facies of the second member of Shanxi Formation of well 10# in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 7

Cross-well sedimentary facies profiles of Shan23 submember oriented perpendicular to the provenance direction of the north part of Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 8

Sedimentary facies of Shan23 submember along the direction of provenance source in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 9

Plane distribution characteristics of sandstone thickness (a) and sand-to-stratum ratio (b) of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 10

Sand body superimposition profiles of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 11

Stratigraphic thickness distribution features of Permian Taiyuan Formation in Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 12

Plane distribution characteristics of coal seam thickness (a) and dark mudstone thickness(b) of Shan23submember of Yan’an-Ganquan area, Ordos Basin"

Fig. 13

Sedimentary model of Shan23 submember in Yan’an-Ganquan area， Ordos Basin"

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