Lithologic Reservoirs

petroleum seismogeology is a boundary science developed based on seismic stratigraphy, seismic sedimentology, seismic-petroleum accumulation science and development seismology through integration with petroleum geology and seismic prospecting. The origin, concept, research content and approach and key technique of petroleum seismogeology are briefly expounded. It is proposed that this boundary science is the key of the great breakthrough for the further petroleumprospect and will promote the development of petroleum industry.

New pattern of composite superimposed reservoirs and advantageous phase accumulation in continental rifted lake basin： A case study from Qikou Sag of Bohai Bay Basin

ZHOU Lihong， XIAO Dunqing， PU Xiugang， LI Hongxiang

2010, Vol.22(1): 7–11 Abstract ( 439 ) PDF (842 KB) ( 571 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.002

Qikou Sag, as a typical dustpan-shaped sag in Bohai BayBasin, experienced multi-stage structural evolution and multi-cycle deposition. As a result, various types of hydrocarbon reservoirs were generated in this area. In the central uplift belt, the oil and gas migrated vertically along the major fracture and induced the composite reservoirs form with different depths （low-medium-deep）. Otherwise, in the sag and slope where the fractures were not developed, the oil and gas mainlymigrated horizontally in the source rock strata and formed the stratigraphic lithologic reservoirs which distributed in a large area. Thus complicated superimposed reservoirs and full-sag oil bearing pattern in the rifted lake basin formed after all. Meanwhile, those advantageous phase regions, such as the formation with high quality source rocks, the major sand body belts, the regions with positive structure setting, the reservoirs with abnormal high pressure and special lithology （carbonate rock, igneous rock）, will become the important exploration target for oil and gas enrichment.

Petroleum geologic characteristics of Artala Sag in Erlian Basin

ZHAO Xianzheng， JIANG Shuanqi， DANWeining， LI Linbo，WANG Lianjun，WU Guoqiong

2010, Vol.22(1): 12–17 Abstract ( 614 ) PDF (675 KB) ( 845 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.003

The petroleum geological characteristics of Artala sag are systematically summarized, and the stratigraphic sequence, tectonic evolution, depositional system and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions are analyzed. Through the study of hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, the main controlling factors in each formation are determined and hydrocarbon enrichment rule is summarized. Based on a brief comparison between Erlian Basin and other sags, the distinctive characteristics of this sag in the aspects of tectonic and deposition are summed up. The representative characteristics such as later tectonic inversion, depositional systemdeveloping widely in steep slope and syndepositional anticline development in the Erlian Basin are pointed out.

Source-trap space allocation and oil migration transporting form of Putaohua oil layer in and around Sanzhao Depression

FU Guang， LI Hui， XU Yanbin

2010, Vol.22(1): 18–22 Abstract ( 398 ) PDF (495 KB) ( 479 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.004

Based on the research on source-trap space allocation, oil migration transporting form and there controlling effects on reservoir formation and distribution in Putaohua oil layer in and around Sanzhao Depression, it is considered that there are two kinds of source-trap allocation relations in Putaohua oil layer in and around Sanzhao Depression: source rock bottom-trap top and source rock bottom-trap lateral top. And there are 3 kinds of oil migration transporting forms: linear type, reverse “L” type and “U” type. Linear migration transporting form is composed of source faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers. Reverse “L” type migration transporting form is composed of source faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers and sand bodies connected by faults which pass through T1- T06 reflection layers. “U” type migration transporting form is composed of source faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers, sand bodies connected by faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers and faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers. The controlling effects of these 3 kinds of migration transporting forms in oil accumulation and distribution are showed as follows:①Source faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers control the formation and distribution of reservoir which belongs to source rock bottom-trap top space allocation;②The better source faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers developed, the more sufficient oil supply which belongs to source rock bottom-trap lateral top space allocation was;③Reservoirs which was formed by source rock bottom-trap lateral top space allocation reverse “L” type migration transporting forms all distribute in or near sand body transporting pathway connected by faults which pass through T1- T06 reflection layers; ④Reservoirs which was formed by source rock bottom-trap lateral top space allocation “U” type migration transporting forms all distribute near faults which pass through T2- T06 reflection layers.

Tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation model for marine strata in Jianghan Basin

GUO Feifei，KANG Jianyun， SUN Jianfeng，LU Junze,WANG Xiuping

2010, Vol.22(1): 23–29 Abstract ( 524 ) PDF (486 KB) ( 784 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.005

After the forming of an entire metamorphosed basement during the Late Proterozoic, Jianghan Basin experienced four tectonic cycles: Caledonian, Hercian-Early Indosinian, Late Indosinian-Early Yanshanian and Late Yanshanian-Himalayian. Because these cycles，3 kinds of basin models formed which were the open-sea basin of platform type before the Indosinian, the foreland lake basin during Indosinian and the intracontinental fault-depression salt lake since Yanshanian. The control and destructive effect of the four tectonic cycles on the hydrocarbon accumulation are analyzed. According to the time of hydrocarbon generation and whether hydrocarbon break through original closed systemfromthe first accumulation to finally reservoir forming, the hydrocarbon accumulation for marine strata in Jianghan Basin is divided into primary, secondary and regenerated accumulation models, and the favorable prospect areas are analyzed.

Diagenesis and porosity evolution of Xujiahe Formation in central Sichuan Basin

ZHANG Fugui， LIU Jiaduo，MENG Wanbin

2010, Vol.22(1): 30–36 Abstract ( 572 ) PDF (735 KB) ( 539 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.006

The reservoir of Xujiahe Formation in central Sichuan Basin is a set of braided river deltaic sediments, which is comprised of feldspathic quartz sandstone, feldspathic Iitharenitc sandstone and lithic feldspathic sandstone. Based on core observation, combining with thin section observation, scanning transmission electron microscope and physical property, it is believed that the sandstone in the study area experienced four diageneses: compaction, cemcntation, mctasomasis and solution. The diagenetis stage can be divided into early diagenetic A and B stage and middle diagenetic A and B stage, and nowit is in the middle diagcnetic A-B stage, The diagenesis is a key factor for controlling the physical property in this area. Most primary pores were destructed after the diagenetic evolution, so it is mainly secondary pore.

Unconformity surface and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in Chengbei fault step belt of Dagang Oilfield

GAO Changhai，ZHA Ming

2010, Vol.22(1): 37–42 Abstract ( 512 ) PDF (707 KB) ( 569 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.007

There are many unconformity surfaces in Chengbei fault step belt ofDagangOilfield, which are very important for hydrocarbon to migrate with long-distance and in great-scale and to accumulate. Seismic section comprehensively interpreted to discover that patterns of unconformity sections in Chengbei fault step belt include truncation conformity, fault-fold unconformity, fold unconformity, onlap unconformity and parallel unconformity. Each of them has the different distributing regularities, and the type of unconformity surface controls hydrocarbon migration. On the basis of analyzing log responses and cores, the unconformity surfaces in vertices are divided into three parts: basal conglomerate, weatheringmudstone and semi-weathering rock, this structure forms the double paths of the hydrocarbon migration. It connects reservoirs and faults which formed in different times to construct the regional migrating network. The unconformity surfaces in Chengbei fault step belt not only are the important paths for the hydrocarbon migration, but also are the good places for the hydrocarbon accumulation. The Chengbei fault step belt forms various reservoirs under the control of the vertical structure and types of unconformity surface.

Sedimentary facies of Chang 2 oil-bearing member of Yanchang Formation in Yanchi-Dingbian area, Ordos Basin

CHEN Fei，WEI Dengfeng，YU Xiaolei，WU Shaobo

2010, Vol.22(1): 43–47 Abstract ( 464 ) PDF (615 KB) ( 445 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.008

Based on drilling cores and logging data, the sedimentary facies and its evolution characteristics of Chang 2 oil-bearing member in Yanchi-Dingbian area, Ordos Basin are studied. The result shows that fluvial system developed in Chang 2 depositional stage in this region. During the depositional period, there is a systematic change in channel types from meandering stream to anastomosing river. The meandering stream deposition developed at the bottom and middle sections （Chang 23, Chang 22） ofChang 2 member with thicker superposed channel sand body, higher sand-stone/ stratum ration, less floodplain and more channel deposits. While the anastomosing river deposition developed at the top section （Chang 21） of Chang 2 member with thinner channel sandstone-body, lower sandstone/stratum ration, less channel and more floodplain, swamp deposits. On the basis of sedimentary units division and correlation, the microfacies plane distributions of the 4 units are analyzed.

Sedimentary facies of Paleogene Lulehe Formation in western segment of northern margin of Qaidam Basin

JIANG Bin，LI Fengjie，ZHENG Rongcai,LIU Qi，LIU Dianhe

2010, Vol.22(1): 48–52 Abstract ( 522 ) PDF (602 KB) ( 651 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.009

Based on outcrop observation, core description, well logging and seismic data, the sedimentary facies of Paleogene Lulehe Formation in northern margin Qaidam Basin is analyzed. Five types of seidimentary facies are identified: alluvial fan facies, fan delta facies, braided streamfacies, braided delta facies, lacustrine facies, of which the sedimentary characteristics are studied. The lithology and paleogeography in Paleogene Lulehe Formation indicates that there mainly developed two sets of depositional systemassemblages. Depositional environment attributes to alluvial fanfan delta-lacustrine environment system in Erboliang-Lenghu zone of northwestern Qaidam Basin and alluvial fanbraided stream-braided delta-lacustrine environment systeminMahai-Nanbaxian zone of southeastern Qaidam Basin.

Quantitative research of facies-potential controlled reservoir of glutenite fan: A case study from Li 85 block in northern slope zone of Dongying Sag

ZHANG Junjie，YAN Changhui，CHEN Qing，LIU Huimin，WANG Yongshi

2010, Vol.22(1): 53–58 Abstract ( 453 ) PDF (533 KB) ( 479 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.010

According to the theory of facies-potential controlling on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dongying Sag, in combination with related research, the mechanismof facies-potential controlling on pool formation is analyzed. Based on previous studies, a quantitative research on facies and fluid potential recovery during the hydrocarbon accumulation period is carried out and the recovered palaeopressure in the inclusion is deemed as “residual pressure” which was formed after the filling process completed. In combination with the characteristics of staged filling process during the hydrocarbon accumulation period, interrelations of all kinds of energies are discussed. An analogical method is used to study the reservoir pore structure in the hydrocarbon accumulation period. Taking the linked well section among Li 92, Li 54, and Li 853 in Li 85 block as an example, the equation of oil saturation is formulated, the oil saturation of this section in each hydrocarbon accumulation phase is calculated, and it is concluded that the main filling process was in the third phase for Li-85 block.

Orientation analysis about compacted rock mechanic character in complicated tectonic deformation area

GE Shanliang，ZHOU Wen,XIE Runcheng，SHAN Yuming

2010, Vol.22(1): 59–64 Abstract ( 483 ) PDF (618 KB) ( 620 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.011

Based on the equipment ofMTS, the wave velocity and mechanical parameters of sands and mudstones from northeast of Sichuan are taken into synchronous experimentation under the condition of simulated formation. The varying regular pattern and the relationship between dynamic and quiescent parameters on the vertical formation are discussed. Under the condition of simulated formation, in terrestrial formation, the average compressive strength value of sand is 241.87 MPa, and it is 115.63 MPa of the mudstone. The average elastic modulus value of sand is 35.5 GPa, and it is 24.8 GPa of the mudstone. The average poisson ratio value of sand is 0.27, and it is 0.33 of the mudstone. The average cohesion value of sand is 29.32 MPa, and it is 10.11 MPa of the mudstone. The average internal frictional angle value of sand is 36.1 , and it is 19 of the mudstone. The relationship of tensile strength on the terrestrial formation is J2z>T3x>J2s>J2q, and the average value of tensile strength is 7.09MPa, 6.2MPa, 4.72MPa, 4.51MPa. The value of rock mechanic parameters is affected by the grain size, shale content, binding material’s property and the porosity. After being saturated bywater, the longitudinal velocity, elastic modulus and the poisson ration is increased remarkably than before. With the broadening of confinement pressure, the plastic deformation proportion is increasing, and the distortional character is displaying to elastic-plastic deformation more.

High resolution sequence stratigraphy of Neogene upper Ganchaigou Formation in west segment, northern margin of Qaidam Basin

LIU Qi，LI Fengjie，ZHENG Rongcai，LIU Dianhe，JIANG Bin

2010, Vol.22(1): 65–69 Abstract ( 533 ) PDF (924 KB) ( 324 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.012

Based on high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory, and according to the analysis of description of field outcrop profiles, cores, well drilling and logging trace, the Neogene upper Ganchaigou Formation in west segment,northern margin of Qaidam Basin are divided into two long-term base level cycles and six medium-term base level cycles. The deposition structure and stacking patterns of this two levels cycle are analyzed. Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper Ganchaigou Formation is established based on the sequence division of single well. The distribution feature of long-term base level cycle sequence has better relation with stratum. The long-term base level cycle sequence type of C2 mainly developed in the central basin and thick stratum areas, and the type of C1 mainly developed in the margin of the basin and thin stratum areas. Based on the sequence stratigraphic isochronous correlation framework, the lithofacies and paleogeographymap of the study area have been drawn up.

Logging facies of Lumut zone of ZG Gas Field in Indonesia

WANG Yanmei，XU Zhenyong，ZHANGMing，YANG Xiaolong，ZHANG Fengrun

2010, Vol.22(1): 70–75 Abstract ( 528 ) PDF (806 KB) ( 580 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.013

ZG Gas Field is located in Sumatra Basin of Indonesia with complex segments and multiple of depositional systems. Based on the background of deposition and clastic reservoir type, logging sedimentary facies study method is used toidentifydeposition facies byanalyzingthe characteristics oflogseries includingGR, SP, RLLD and DEN, combined with core, master log, seismic data, sequence stratigraphy, etc. The rocks-electrical switching models of core phase are established. Fan delta, braided delta and lake deposition facies are identified and different loggingmicrofacies characters models of depositional facies are obtained. Analyzed and recognized fan delta-braided delta-lake depositional system was developed in Lower Lumut zone, braided delta-lake depositional system was developed in Middle Lumut zone and delta front-shallow lake depositional system braided was developed in Upper Lumut zone by studying characters of microfacies distribution. Braided delta distributary channel sand body is favorable reservoir.

Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment controlling factors of Triassic in block A, Algeria

WENG Wangfei， JI Hongjun， ZHANG Tao， ZHANG Jinhua，MA Cheng， YANG Yanmin

2010, Vol.22(1): 76–81 Abstract ( 503 ) PDF (521 KB) ( 428 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.014

Triassic is the most promising target for oil/gas exploration in block A, Algeria. The research on its hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment controlling factors is of great significance for oil/gas exploration within the block. Based on the comprehensive study on evaluation of Silurian source rock, characteristics of Triassic reservoir and such basic petroleum geologic conditions as trap condition, cap rock as well as preservation condition and time and space conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation, it is pointed out that the factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in block A, Algeria are hydrocarbon source conditions, the difference in the quality of reservoirs and the effectiveness of gas migration. Oil/gas exploration in block A, Algeria should adhere to the principle of near hydrocarbon source and deal with the two key factors of reservoirs and traps on the basis of fine logging interpretation, reservoir inversion and micro-fracture prediction.

Diagenetic facies of chang 81 sub-member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Zhenjing block of Ordos Basin

LU Degen，LIU Linyu，LIU Xiuchan，LI Wenbin

2010, Vol.22(1): 82–86 Abstract ( 413 ) PDF (497 KB) ( 616 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.015

In view of the prospects for oil and gas exploration and development in Zhenjing block in southern Ordos Basin, the rock thin sections, cast thin section and SEMare used to analyze the core hole data. According to the analysis and research on the feature of petrology and diagenesis, and combining the research of reservoir physical property, the distribution of diagenetic facies belt in Zhenjing block is effectively predicted with the method of “three charts polymerization”. By means of analysis on the feature of four types of diagenetic facies, the idea that distribution of diagenetic facies belt playing control action at oil and gas enrichment is proposed, which provides scientific foundation for the further exploration.

Using simulated annealing algorithm to pre-stack seismic inversion

LIU Quanxin， FANG Guangjian

2010, Vol.22(1): 87–92 Abstract ( 498 ) PDF (619 KB) ( 648 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.016

The principle of pre-stack simultaneous inversion and simulated annealing algorithmis discussed. It introduced the technical process to achieve the pre-stack simultaneous inversion using simulated annealing algorithm, and departed the process into four steps: high-fidelity seismic data processing, common angle gather generation, wavelet extraction and synchronous inversion. The application of simulated annealing algorithm in pre-stack simultaneous inversion is described. This method was proved in Sulige Gas field, and the result shows the features: fast calculation, stable algorithmand good prediction effect. Forecasting results verify the effectiveness of this proposed method.

Application of Hilbert-Huang transform in time-frequency analyisis of array acoustic signals

CHEN Botao，WANG Zhuwen， DING Yang， YUE Chongwang

2010, Vol.22(1): 93–97 Abstract ( 485 ) PDF (512 KB) ( 591 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.017

Array acoustic logging signal is a non-linear and non-stationary signal. Hilbert-Huang transform（HHT） is a new method developed for non-linear and non-stationary signal. The key step of this method is to apply the empirical mode decomposition （EMD）on signal, decomposing the signal into several intrinsic mode functions （IMF）, and then time-frequency spectrum of the signal can be obtained. The HHT is applied to array acoustic logging signal processing, and EMD is used to decompose the signal into several IMF, and then the smooth pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution is obtained. Through the analysis, the difference between the water bearing layer and dry layer can be obtained.

Application of life cycle theory to predict increasing trend of proved oil reserves in Liaohe Oilfield

TIAN Shufang，ZHANG Hongwen

2010, Vol.22(1): 98–100 Abstract ( 439 ) PDF (316 KB) ( 416 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.018

Weng’s Life Cycle Theory is suitable for the description and prediction of the finite system of life amount. Oil and natural gas which are nonrenewable mineral resources can be described and predicted usingWeng’s Life Cycle Theory. Proved oil reserves’ increasing trend is predicted and fitted using relationship between the proved oil reserves and exploration time in Liaohe Oilfield. Results show that the exploration degree in Liaohe Oilfield which has undergone a rapid growth stage is high at present and the increase of proved reserves has gone into a slowgrowth stage. The annual growth of proved reserves is predicted to be about 3 000×104 t in the future several years.

Applying waveform analysis to semi-quantitatively predict carbonate reservoir in Tazhong area

SUN Qinhua， LIU Xiaomei， LIU Jianxin， ZHANG Jijuan

2010, Vol.22(1): 101–103 Abstract ( 425 ) PDF (442 KB) ( 534 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.019

The carbonate reservoir is characterized by various types and strong inhomogeneity. Seismic waveform variation characteristic is used to semi-quantitatively identify and predict the distribution of high-quality reservoir. The basic principle, realization process and the key parameters of this technology are analyzed. The seismic response pattern is established in reservoir zone by well-seismic calibration, and the seismic waveform characteristics of different reservoirs are analyzed. Seismic trace waveform of target zone is classified by means of self-organizing neural network. The semi-quantitatively evaluation of carbonate reservoir is finally carried out. According to the prediction, two wells have been drilled, and the drilling result is consistent with the prediction result.

Application of sequence constrained reservoir predicting techniques to lithological reservoirs exploration in Gaoliu area

HU Mingqing，LIU Shaofeng

2010, Vol.22(1): 104–108 Abstract ( 465 ) PDF (561 KB) ( 572 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.020

Based on the high resolution sequence stratigraphy and the seismic reservoir prediction techniques, a method of the lithological reservoirs exploration is proposed and then applied to Gaoliu area. The divided solution of sequence and the sequence stratigraphical framework are established by the study of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy based on high level cycle as reference level. The Dongying Formation is divided into one long-term level cycle and four medium-term level cycles. Using the seismic reservoir inversion technique which is constrained by the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework, twenty eight individual sand bodies in the four sequences are identified, which provides favorable evidence for the lithological reservoir exploration.

Application of VSP to the identification of thin sand

LI Bencai，CAO Qingrong，LI Pei，GUI Pan

2010, Vol.22(1): 109–113 Abstract ( 418 ) PDF (942 KB) ( 925 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.021

Compared with general seismic techniques, VSP can remove noise effect more effectively and improve vertical resolution. Combining 3D seismic profile and core, the key layers are calibrated, their relations can be made definitely, and fine seismic attributes analyses is processed. Amore accurate geological model is set up and the reservoir heterogeneous can be made clearly by using VSP image. Taking Nanshanwan area for example, the thin sand of Putaohua oil layer can be recalibrated using VSP time-depth table, and its bottom can be interpreted accurately. The reservoir is predicted by several attributes analyses, and sedimentary facial map is established to put forward favorable exploration targets.

Water saturation calculation of tuffaceous sandstone reservoir in Wuerxun Sag

WANG Peng，ZHAO Yulian，HAN Lin

2010, Vol.22(1): 114–118 Abstract ( 449 ) PDF (675 KB) ( 536 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.022

The tuffaceous sandstone reservoir is the most important reservoir inWuerxun Sag ofHailar Basin. To strike the water saturation accuracy is very important. There is a great influence on the conduction mechanism of reservoir because of presence of tuffaceous, and then the conductivity can not be fully in accordance with the Archie formula. In the establishment of saturation model to calculate the content of tuffaceous is necessary. The volume model has been established, then by determining the framework parameters of the components, programming is used to strike the volume content of the tuffaceous. Reference the Oshinobu Itoh saturation model, saturation model of tuffaceous sandstone is improved. In the conductivitymodel, the additional conductive of clay can not be ignored, at the same time the existence of tuffaceous rocks increases the conductivity, the resistance of tuffaceous sandstone will be parallel by the resistance of tuffaceous, muddy and the formation water. Actual data processing of the tuffaceous sandstone reservoir has proved the newmodel is much better than the conventional one.

Application of numerical simulation to well pattern modification in TZ4 Oilfield

LIU Yikun，WANG Liang，WANG Fulin

2010, Vol.22(1): 119–121 Abstract ( 501 ) PDF (409 KB) ( 559 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.023

Based on the current status of the development in TZ422CⅢ oil group，the residual oil distribution after water flooding was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively using fine reservoir numerical simulation of E100 main module. According to the sedimentary facies map, considering the formation heterogeneity and sedimentary facies distribution, three deferent types of well network regulation schemes are designed. The result indicates that the well pattern which the vertical well and the horizontal well unify is used in CⅢ oil group. The best injection-production pattern of 18 wells with 4 new wells, 14 old wells. The preferred scheme is simulated to 2025, the final recovery efficiency is 46.13%, and the composite water cut is 89.06%.

Water flooding law of horizontal well in heterogeneous bottom water reservoir

WANG Qing，LIU Huiqing，CAO Liying

2010, Vol.22(1): 122–125 Abstract ( 467 ) PDF (402 KB) ( 553 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.024

In recent years, horizontal wells technology is widely used in the development of the heterogeneous reservoirs. The horizontal wells model at the heterogeneous bottom water reservoir is established and the numerical simulation technology is used to study howthe plane and vertical heterogeneity of the reservoir （different permeability differential and high permeability width） can influence the water flooding lawin the horizontal wells. The study result shows that reservoir heterogeneitycan affectwater breakthrough position and average crude output in the high permeability zone. The research has importance in guiding the exploitation of the heterogeneous bottomwater reservoir.

Interwell connectivity in fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoir：An example from S48 well block

WANG Xisha，YI Xiaoyan，CHEN Qing，YUAN Enlai

2010, Vol.22(1): 126–128 Abstract ( 533 ) PDF (406 KB) ( 430 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.025

Carbonate form ation is characterized by strong reservoir heterogeneity. As well as lack of sufficient knowledge and information about reservoir, it is difficult to judge the connectivity between wells. The reservoir connectivity is analyzed by the method of water injection effectiveness in S48 well block. The research result shows that this method can reflect the connectivity of fracture-cavity block between the producing wells.

Evaluation of residual oil potentiality exploration of buried hill reservoir in Shu 13938 of Shuguang Oilfield

QIU Hongbing

2010, Vol.22(1): 129–133 Abstract ( 413 ) PDF (494 KB) ( 581 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.026

The motion rule of bottom water in fractured reservoir of buried hill and distribution of residual oil in shu 13938 well of ShuguangOilfield are studied, and the distribution of residual oil is defined. The study result shows that it is necessary to take correspondingmeasures of tapping the potential in light of different existing forms of residual oil：① added perforation and chemical water blocking should be carried out for residual oil in oil-bearing zone； ②chemical water blocking should be carried out for residual oil in transition zone （actual oil production layer）;③drilling cement plug and chemical water blocking should be carried out for residual oil in transition zone （earlier blocking layer）．This study，which can also apply to similar bottom water heavy oil reservoir of buried hill，can effectively solve some development issues ,such as high water-cut caused by bottomwater coning in oil well of the late-period production and so on．This technology provides a newidea to potentiality exploration of residual oil in similar buried hill reservoir for the further development and has some reference value．

Advances in research to deep origin of petroleum

ZHANG Zhiyi

2010, Vol.22(1): 134–138 Abstract ( 371 ) PDF (280 KB) ( 521 )

doi: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2010.01.027

Outspace dynamics and tranges of the earth speed of autorotation are extrernal factors causing earth outgassing,i.e. updraft of deep fluid, From Archaean to Cenozoic, potential energy of deep fluid has been decreased while oil/gas are produced during updraft of deep fluid. Fluid dynamic structure was formed by fluid dynamics caused by updraft of deep fluid. The low density zone, circular structure and relief structure kont should be payed attention because almost all oil/gas fields are related with them.New methods to find oil/gas poot were proposed based on the idea. These methods include tensor analytical method, remote sensing, landscape model,rock radioactivity and shape structure simulation, technique and so on.