致密砂岩储层微观水驱油效率及其主控因素

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20200115

岩性油气藏 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 135–143.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20200115

致密砂岩储层微观水驱油效率及其主控因素

宋明明¹, 韩淑乔², 董云鹏¹, 陈江³, 万涛¹

1. 中国石油长庆油田分公司第五采油厂, 西安 710000;
2. 中国石油长庆油田分公司第三采油厂, 银川 750006;
3. 中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 西安 710000

收稿日期:2019-06-04 修回日期:2019-08-21 出版日期:2020-01-21 发布日期:2019-11-22
第一作者:宋明明(1987-),男,工程师,主要从事油藏描述、油层物理方面的研究工作。地址:(710000)陕西省西安市中国石油长庆油田分公司第五采油厂。Email:songmm2010@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“非常规致密砂岩油藏超临界CO₂驱CO₂-原油-微纳米级孔喉缝系统的相互作用机理研究”（编号：51774236）资助

Microscopic water flooding efficiency and main controlling factors of tight sandstone reservoir

SONG Mingming¹, HAN Shuqiao², DONG Yunpeng¹, CHEN Jiang³, WAN Tao¹

1. No.5 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710000, China;
2. No.;
3 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Yinchuan 750006, China;
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710000, China

Received:2019-06-04 Revised:2019-08-21 Online:2020-01-21 Published:2019-11-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解决鄂尔多斯盆地吴起油田长7储层水驱过程中单井产量低、含水上升快、剩余油分布复杂等问题，采用自主设计研发的高温、高压微观模型加持器，对研究区长7储层的真实取样岩心开展微观水驱油渗流实验，通过辅以铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、高压压汞和核磁共振实验，研究了不同孔隙结构类型下的微观水驱油渗流特征，探讨了储层物性、微观孔隙结构、可动流体参数、黏土矿物、驱替压力和注水体积对水驱油效率的影响。结果表明：研究区长7储层微观注水驱替特征以网状驱替和树枝状驱替为主，均匀驱替次之，少见蛇状驱替。不同类型驱替特征的驱油效率、残余油分布特征存在较大差异，均匀驱替驱油效率最高为48.84%，蛇状驱替驱油效率最低为31.73%；75%的残余油以簇状和油膜状赋存于孔喉内。水驱油效率的影响因素是多方面的，其中可动流体参数是比其它物性参数更能准确反映与驱油效率之间关系的参数。研究结果为该区不同类型储层开发方案的调整提供了理论依据。

关键词: 微观模型, 孔隙结构, 可动流体参数, 驱油效率, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low single well production,fast water cut rise and complex residual oil distribution during the water flooding of Chang 7 reservoir in Wuqi Oilfield,Ordos Basin,microscopic water flooding seepage experiment was carried out on real core samples of Chang 7 reservoir in the study area by using selfdesigned high-temperature and high-pressure micro-model holder. Combined with cast thin slice analysis,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,high pressure mercury penetration and NMR testing,the microscopic water flooding seepage characteristics under different pore structure types were studied. The effects of reservoir physical properties,microscopic pore structure,movable fluid parameters,clay minerals,displacement pressure and water injection volume on water flooding efficiency were discussed. The results show that the characteristics of microscopic water flooding of Chang 7 reservoir are mainly reticular displacement and dendritic displacement,followed by uniform displacement and rare serpentine displacement. There are great differences in displacement efficiency and residual oil distribution among different types of displacement characteristics. The displacement efficiency of uniform displacement is the highest(48.84%),and that of serpentine displacement is the lowest(31.73%). 75% of the remaining oil occurs in the pore throat as clusters and oil films. There are many factors affecting water flooding efficiency,among which movable fluid parameters are more accurate than other physical parameters to reflect the relationship with oil displacement efficiency. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the adjustment of the development schemes of different reservoir types.

Key words: microscopic model, pore structure, movable fluid parameter, displacement efficiency, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE341

宋明明, 韩淑乔, 董云鹏, 陈江, 万涛. 致密砂岩储层微观水驱油效率及其主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2020, 32(1): 135–143.

SONG Mingming, HAN Shuqiao, DONG Yunpeng, CHEN Jiang, WAN Tao. Microscopic water flooding efficiency and main controlling factors of tight sandstone reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2020, 32(1): 135–143.

参考文献

[1] 李忠兴, 屈雪峰, 刘万涛, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7段致密油合理开发方式探讨.石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(2):217-225. LI Z X, QU X F, LIU W T, et al. Development modes of Triassic Yanchang Formation Chang 7 member tight oil in Ordos Basin, NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(2):217-225.
[2] 杨华, 李士祥, 刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力.石油学报, 2013, 34(1):1-11. YANG H, LI S X, LIU X Y. Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil and shale oil in Ordos Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2013, 34(1):1-11.
[3] 李小燕, 乔华伟, 张建魁, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6储层矿物含量与孔隙度的线性关系.岩性油气藏, 2019, 31(2):66-74. LI X Y, QIAO H W, ZHANG J K, et al. Linear relationship between mineral content and porosity of Chang 6 reservoir in Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(2):66-74.
[4] SUKOP M C, HUANG H, LIN C L, et al. Distribution of multiphase fluids in porous media:Comparison between lattice Boltzmann modeling and micro X-ray tomography. Physical Review E, 2008, 77(2):26-37.
[5] 闫伟超, 孙建孟. 微观剩余油研究现状分析. 地球物理学进展, 2016, 31(5):2198-2211. YAN W C, SUN J M. Analysis of research present situation of microscopic remaining oil. Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese), 2016, 31(5):2198-2211.
[6] 韩进, 孙卫, 白云云, 等.基于真实砂岩微观水驱油实验的低渗透储层流体渗流特征及驱油效率影响因素研究:以姬塬油田王盘山长6储层为例.地质科技情报, 2018, 37(6):89-95. HAN J, SUN W, BAI Y Y, et al. Fluid seepage characteristics of low permeability reservoir based on the real sandstone microscopic water flooding experiment:Taking the Chang 6 reservoir in Wangpanshan as an example. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2018, 37(6):89-95.
[7] 张茜, 任大忠, 任强燕, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田长6储层微观孔隙结构特征及其对水驱油特征的影响. 西北大学学报, 2015, 45(2):284-295. ZHANG Q, REN D Z, REN Q Y, et al. The feature of the microscopic pore structure and its influence on oil displacement efficiency in Chang 6 reservoir in Jiyuan Oilfield of Ordos Basin.Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition), 2015, 45(2):284-295.
[8] 张帆, 孙卫, 张茜, 等.电子显微镜在油田开发中的应用:以板桥合水地区长6储层为例.电子显微学报, 2017, 36(4):358-369. ZHANG F, SUN W, ZHANG Q, et al. The application of electron microscope in the oilfield development:in the case of chang-6 reservoir in Banqiao-Heshui area. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society, 2017, 36(4):358-369.
[9] 白云云, 孙卫, 韩进.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆油田长6储层水驱油特征及主控因素研究.电子显微学报, 2018, 37(4):348-359. BAI Y Y, SUN W, HAN J. Study on the characteristics of water displacing oil and main controlling factors in Chang 6 reservoir in Huaqing Oilfield of Ordos Basin. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society, 2018, 37(4):348-359.
[10] 全洪慧, 朱玉双, 张洪军, 等.储层孔隙结构与水驱油微观渗流特征:以安塞油田王窑区长6油层组为例.石油与天然气地质, 2011, 32(54):952-964. QUAN H H, ZHU Y S, ZHANG H J, et al. Reservoir pore structure and micro-flow characteristics of waterflooding:a case study from Chang-6 reservoir of Wangyao block in Ansai Oilfield. Oil & Gas Geology, 2011, 32(54):952-964.
[11] 周俊杰.延长油田坪北区长8储层孔隙结构特征及其对水驱油微观特征的影响.大庆石油地质与开发, 2017, 36(5):68-79. ZHOU J J. Characteristics of the pore-throat structures and their influences on the waterflooded oil micro-features for Chang 8 reservoir in Pingbei block of Yanchang Oilfield. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2017, 36(5):68-79.
[12] 喻建, 杨孝, 李斌, 等.致密油储层可动流体饱和度计算方法:以合水地区长7致密油储层为例. 石油实验地质, 2014, 36(6):767-772. YU J, YANG X, LI B, et al. A method of determining movable fluid saturation of tight oil reservoirs in seventh member of Yanchang Formation in Heshui area. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014, 36(6):767-772.
[13] 任大忠, 张晖, 周然, 等.塔里木盆地克深地区巴什基奇克组致密砂岩储层敏感性研究.岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(6):27-36. REN D Z, ZHANG H, ZHOU R, et al. Sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir of Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area, Tarim Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2018, 30(6):27-36.
[14] 刘翰林, 杨友运, 王凤琴, 等.致密砂岩储集层微观结构特征及成因分析:以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长6段和长8段为例.石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(2):225-231. LIU H L, YAN Y Y, WANG F Q, et al. Micro pore and throat characteristics and origin of tight sandstone reservoirs:a case study of the Triassic Chang 6 and Chang 8 members in Longdong area,Ordos Basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(2):225-231.
[15] 胡伟.水驱油藏注气驱油机理及渗流规律研究.北京:中国石油大学, 2016. HU W. Study on gas injection mechanism and seepage law of water drive reservoir. Beijing:China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 2016.
[16] 任大忠, 孙卫, 赵继勇, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地岩性油藏微观水驱油特征及影响因素:以华庆油田长81油藏为例.中国矿业大学学报, 2015, 44(6):1043-1052. REN D Z, SUN W, ZHAO J Y, et al. Microscopic waterflooding characteristics of lithologic reservoir in Ordos Basin and its influence factors:Taking the Chang 81 reservoir in Huaqing Oilfield as an example. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2015, 44(6):1043-1052.
[17] 徐会林, 王新海, 魏少波, 等.四川盆地高石梯:磨溪区块震旦系储层敏感性实验评价.岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(2):13-19. XU H L, WANG X H, WEI S B, et al. Evaluation of reservoir sensitivity of Sinian in Gaoshiti-Moxi block, Sichuan Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2015, 27(2):13-19.
[18] 董云鹏, 王进, 陈江, 等.油气水三相相对渗透率物理模拟实验.大庆石油地质与开发, 2018, 37(4):55-61. DONG Y P, WANG J, CHEN J, et al. Physical simulation experiment of relative permeability of oil,gas and water. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2018, 37(4):55-61.
[19] 王伟, 朱玉双, 陈大友, 等.低渗透油藏微观渗流特征及影响因素研究:以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6油层组为例.地质科技情报, 2015, 34(2):159-167. WANG W, ZHU Y S, CHEN D Y, et al. Micro-flow characteristics and influencing factors of low permeability reservoir:a case study of Chang 6 reservoir of Jiyuan area in Ordos Basin. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2015, 34(2):159-167.
[20] 李海涛, 李颖, 李亚辉, 等.低盐度注水提高碳酸盐岩油藏采收率.岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(2):119-124. LI H T, LI Y, LI Y H, et al. Low salinity waterflooding to enhance oil recovery of carbonate reservoirs. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2016, 28(2):119-124.
[21] 王瑞飞, 孙卫.特低渗透砂岩微观模型水驱油实验影响驱油效率因素.石油实验地质, 2010, 32(1):93-97. WANG R F, SUN W. Main controls for oil displacement efficiency by the micromodel water flooding experiment in ultralow permeability sandstone reservoir. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2010, 32(1):93-97.
[22] 徐赢, 潘有军, 周荣萍, 等.油田注水开发期含水率随时间变化规律研究.岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(4):127-133. XU Y, PAN Y J, ZHOU R P, et al. Water cut change law with time in waterflooding oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2016, 28(4):127-133.
[23] 任颖惠, 吴珂, 何康宁, 等.核磁共振技术在研究超低渗-致密油储层可动流体中的应用:以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组为例.矿物岩石, 2017, 37(1):103-110. REN Y H, WU K, HE K N, et al. Application of NMR technique to movable fluid of ultra-low permeability and tight reservoir:a case study on the Yanchang Formation in Longdong area, Ordos Basin. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 2017, 37(1):103-110.
[24] 黄成刚, 袁剑英, 曹正林, 等.咸化湖盆碎屑岩储层中铁白云石的溶蚀作用模拟实验研究. 石油实验地质, 2014, 36(5):650-655. HUANG C G, YUAN J Y, CAO Z L, et al. Simulation experiment for ankerite dissolution in clastic reservoir of saline lacustrine basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014, 36(5):650-655.
[25] 周晓峰, 丁黎, 杨卫国, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长8油层组砂岩中绿泥石膜的生长模式.岩性油气藏, 2017, 29(4):1-10. ZHOU X F, DING L, YANG W G, et al. Growth pattern of chlorite film in Chang 8 sandstone of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(4):1-10.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

致密砂岩储层微观水驱油效率及其主控因素

Microscopic water flooding efficiency and main controlling factors of tight sandstone reservoir

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10

[1]	关蕴文, 苏思羽, 蒲仁海, 王启超, 闫肃杰, 张仲培, 陈硕, 梁东歌. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部旬宜地区古生界天然气成藏条件及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(6): 77-88.
[2]	孔令峰, 徐加放, 刘丁. 三塘湖盆地侏罗系西山窑组褐煤储层孔隙结构特征及脱水演化规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 15-24.
[3]	王子昕, 柳广弟, 袁光杰, 杨恒林, 付利, 王元, 陈刚, 张恒. 鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区三叠系长7段烃源岩特征及控藏作用[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 133-144.
[4]	尹虎, 屈红军, 孙晓晗, 杨博, 张磊岗, 朱荣幸. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南部三叠系长7油层组深水沉积特征及演化规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 145-155.
[5]	牟蜚声, 尹相东, 胡琮, 张海峰, 陈世加, 代林锋, 陆奕帆. 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 71-84.
[6]	朱彪, 邹妞妞, 张大权, 杜威, 陈祎. 黔北凤冈地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩孔隙结构特征及油气地质意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 147-158.
[7]	段逸飞, 赵卫卫, 杨天祥, 李富康, 李慧, 王嘉楠, 刘钰晨. 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区二叠系山西组页岩气源储特征及聚集规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(3): 72-83.
[8]	王宏波, 张雷, 曹茜, 张建伍, 潘星. 鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系盒8段河流扇沉积模式及勘探意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(3): 117-126.
[9]	曹江骏, 王茜, 王刘伟, 李诚, 石坚, 陈朝兵. 鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区三叠系长7段夹层型页岩油储层特征及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(3): 158-171.
[10]	李启晖, 任大忠, 甯波, 孙振, 李天, 万慈眩, 杨甫, 张世铭. 鄂尔多斯盆地神木地区侏罗系延安组煤层微观孔隙结构特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(2): 76-88.
[11]	雷涛, 莫松宇, 李晓慧, 姜楠, 朱朝彬, 王桥, 瞿雪姣, 王佳. 鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田二叠系山西组砂体叠置模式及油气开发意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(2): 147-159.
[12]	翟咏荷, 何登发, 开百泽. 鄂尔多斯盆地及邻区中—晚二叠世构造-沉积环境与原型盆地演化[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1): 32-44.
[13]	杨博伟, 石万忠, 张晓明, 徐笑丰, 刘俞佐, 白卢恒, 杨洋, 陈相霖. 黔南地区下石炭统打屋坝组页岩气储层孔隙结构特征及含气性评价[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1): 45-58.
[14]	龙盛芳, 侯云超, 杨超, 郭懿萱, 张杰, 曾亚丽, 高楠, 李尚洪. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部庆城地区三叠系长7段—长3段层序地层特征及演化规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1): 145-156.
[15]	杜江民, 崔子豪, 贾志伟, 张毅, 聂万才, 龙鹏宇, 刘泊远. 鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格地区奥陶系马家沟组马五₅亚段沉积特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(5): 37-48.