鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20240407

岩性油气藏 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 71–84.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20240407

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素

牟蜚声¹, 尹相东^1,2,3, 胡琮⁴, 张海峰⁴, 陈世加^1,2,3, 代林锋¹, 陆奕帆¹

1. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500;
2. 油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室, 西南石油大学, 成都 610500;
3. 天然气地质四川省重点实验室·西南石油大学, 成都 610500;
4. 中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院, 西安 710004

收稿日期:2023-04-27 修回日期:2023-06-07 出版日期:2024-07-01 发布日期:2024-07-04
第一作者:牟蜚声（1999—），男，西南石油大学在读硕士研究生，研究方向为油气成藏、油气地球化学和非常规资源。地址：（610500）四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号。Email：2698423641@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“泥质纹层对致密砂岩油藏中构造缝垂向扩展的抑制机理”（编号：42002176）、“源储间泥/钙质等隔层对陆相致密油（低渗透油藏）成藏控制机理研究”（编号：41872165）以及“烃源岩早期产物对致密油充注聚集的控制机理研究”（编号：42072185）联合资助。

Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of tight oil of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area，Ordos Basin

MOU Feisheng¹, YIN Xiangdong^1,2,3, HU Cong⁴, ZHANG Haifeng⁴, CHEN Shijia^1,2,3, DAI Linfeng¹, LU Yifan¹

1. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
3. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Geology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
4. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710004, China

Received:2023-04-27 Revised:2023-06-07 Online:2024-07-01 Published:2024-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综合利用地球化学、扫描电镜、岩心薄片、测井等资料以及油井生产数据等，对鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系延长组 7 段储层特征、烃源岩特征和致密油分布特征进行了分析，从烃源岩展布、输导体系和源-储组合关系 3 个方面对致密油差异富集控制因素进行了探讨，并总结了成藏模式。研究结果表明：①陕北地区长 7 段致密砂岩储层主要分布在一亚段（长 7₁）和二亚段（长 7₂），以灰色—灰白色长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主，长 7₁和长 7₂平均孔隙度分别为 5.56% 和 7.32%，平均渗透率分别为 0.097 mD和 0.110 mD，长 7₂储层物性更好；孔隙空间以溶孔为主，发育少量粒间孔。②研究区烃类主要来源于本地长 7₂顶部和长 7₃这 2 套烃源岩，平均厚度大于 20 m，有机质丰度高，平均 TOC 值为 3.02%，干酪根类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ₁型为主，处于生烃高峰期，平均生烃量为 270.2×10⁴ t/km²，长 7₃烃源岩生烃潜力更大，供烃至长 7₂储层，长 7₁致密油来源于长 7₂烃源岩；新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长 7₂储层中致密油由湖盆烃源岩侧向供烃。③研究区致密油富集受烃源岩展布、砂体连通性以及源-储组合共同控制，在长 7₂更富集，在新安边地区分布面积最大，安塞地区无大规模致密油聚集；纵向上和平面上致密油的聚集差异受控于烃源岩厚度和源-储组合关系，下生上储、上下生油而中间储集和砂泥互层时含油性更好；新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长 7₂致密油聚集规模大于三角洲前缘主体，是由于三角洲前缘末端发育的局部连通砂体阻碍了湖盆烃类物质的侧向运移。④研究区致密油为“源控-砂控”成藏模式，远源河道优势砂体尖灭处和近源局部连通的砂体是有利勘探区。

关键词: 致密油, 差异聚集, 三角洲前缘砂, 烃源岩展布, 源-储组合, 砂体连通性, 侧向运移, 长7段, 三叠系, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: The data of geochemistry，scanning electron microscopy，core thin sections，logging and oil well production were used to analyze the characteristics of reservoirs，source rocks and the distribution of tight oil of the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation（Chang 7 member）in northern Shaanxi area，Ordos Basin，the controlling factors for differential enrichment of tight oil were discussed from three aspects：source rocks distribution，transport system and source-reservoir configuration，and the reservoir accumulation model was summarized. The results show that：（1）The tight sandstone reservoirs of Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area are mainly developed in the first sub-member（Chang 7₁）and the second sub-member（Chang 7₂），predominantly composed of gray to gray-white feldspar sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone. The average porosity of Chang 7 1 and Chang 7₂ sub-members is 5.56% and 7.32%，respectively，and the average permeability is 0.097 mD and 0.110 mD，respectively. The physical properties of Chang 7₂ reservoir are better. The pore space is mainly composed of dissolved pores，with a small number of intergranular pores developed.（2）The hydrocarbons in the study area mainly come from two sets of source rocks，including the top of Chang 7₂and Chang 7₃，with an average thickness greater than 20 meters. The organic matter abundance is high，with an average total organic carbon （TOC）value of 3.02%. The kerogen types are mainly type I and type Ⅱ₁，indicating a period of high hydrocarbon generation，and the average hydrocarbon generation amount is 270.2×10⁴ t/km². Chang 7₃ source rocks have greater hydrocarbon generation potential，supplying hydrocarbons to Chang 7₂ reservoir，and the tight oil in Chang 7₁ comes from Chang 7₂ source rocks. The tight oil in Chang 7₂ reservoir at the end of the delta front subfacies in Xin’anbian area is supplied laterally by lake basin source rocks.（3）The enrichment of tight oil in the study area is controlled by the distribution of source rocks，the connectivity of sand bodies and the sourcereservoir configuration. It is more enriched in Chang 7₂ and has the largest distribution area in Xin’anbian area， and there is no large-scale tight oil accumulation in Ansai area. The differential tight oil accumulation in the vertical and plane is controlled by the source rock thickness and source-reservoir configuration. The oil-bearing ability is better for lower generation and upper storage，upper-lower generation and middle storage as well as sand and mud interlayers. The scale of tight oil accumulation of Chang 7₂ at the end of the delta front in Xin’anbian area is larger than that of the main body of the delta front，because the locally connected sand bodies developed at the end of the delta front hinder the lateral migration of hydrocarbon sources in the lake basin.（4）The tight oil in the study area follows a“source-controlled and sand-controlled”accumulation model. The sand bodies in distal river channels and locally connected sand bodies near the source are favorable exploration areas.

Key words: tight oil, differential accumulation, delta front sand, source rocks distribution, source-reservoir configuration, sand bodies connectivity, lateral migration, Chang 7 member of Yanchang Formation, Triassic, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

牟蜚声, 尹相东, 胡琮, 张海峰, 陈世加, 代林锋, 陆奕帆. 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 71–84.

MOU Feisheng, YIN Xiangdong, HU Cong, ZHANG Haifeng, CHEN Shijia, DAI Linfeng, LU Yifan. Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of tight oil of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area，Ordos Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 71–84.

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鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素

Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of tight oil of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area，Ordos Basin

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