Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 101-114.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260409

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of carbonate-evaporite rocks in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin

ZHANG Yuqing1,2(), ZHAO Zhongxiang1,2(), WANG Wei3, HE Youbin1,2, LUO Jinxiong1,2, HU Mingyi1,2, YANG Xingyu1,2, WU Lianhua1,2   

  1. 1 School of Earth Sciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
    3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2026-01-07 Revised:2026-03-10 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-06
  • Contact: ZHAO Zhongxiang E-mail:17740684179@163.com;zhaozhongxiang5@163.com

Abstract:

Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Sichuan Basin is an important natural gas reservoir system, where typical carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems are widely developed. Based on core, thin section, and master logging data, the classification of paragenesis system types, sedimentary microfacies identification, and main controlling factors of sedimentary evolution of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin were systematically conducted, and distribution patterns of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems were clarified. The results show that: (1) Carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin can be classified into three major categories and five subcategories: overlapped type (carbonate rock overlying evaporite and evaporite overlying carbonate rock), interbedded type (carbonate rock and evaporite interbedded ), and intercalated type (evaporite intercalated with carbonate rock and carbonate rock intercalated with evaporite). A total of 11 paragenesis system microfacies types were identified, including gypsum, gypsiferous dolomite, gypsiferous limestone, micritic dolomite, finely crystalline dolomite, granular dolomite, and bioclastic limestone, and 7 types of microfacies associations were summarized. (2) The formation and distribution of the carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in the study area are controlled by the coupling of sea level fluctuations and paleogeomorphology. High-frequency sea level cycles dominate the vertical evolutionary sequence, while the paleogeomorphological framework shaped by paleo-uplifts and paleo-depressions constrained the lateral distribution patterns of paragenesis systems. (3) The “carbonate rock overlying evaporite”subtype within the overlapped category and the interbedded paragenesis systems exhibit good reservoir-caprock configurations and relatively superior preservation conditions.

Key words: carbonate-evaporite paragenesis system, sedimentary microfacies association, sequence-lithofacies, sea level fluctuations, paleogeomorphology, hydrocarbon accumulation, Jialingjiang Formation, Triassic, southeastern Sichuan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE121.32

Fig. 1

Tectonic units division (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic column of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation (b), southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 2

Types and features of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis system of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Table 1

Microfacies types of the carbonate-evaporite paragenesis system in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

微相
类型
岩性 结构 水体能量等级 沉积亚相
MFT1 石膏岩 结晶粒状结构 极低 膏盐湖
MFT2 膏质云岩 粉晶结构 云膏坪
MFT3 膏质灰岩 泥晶结构 潮坪
MFT4 泥晶云岩 泥晶结构 潮坪、潟湖
MFT5 粉晶云岩 粉晶结构 潮坪
MFT6 残余鲕粒云岩 残余颗粒结构 台内滩
MFT7 砂屑云岩 颗粒结构 台内滩
MFT8 生屑灰岩 颗粒结构 浅滩、台内滩
MFT9 残余生屑灰岩 残余颗粒结构 浅滩、台内滩
MFT10 泥晶灰岩 泥晶结构 中—低 开阔潮下
MFT11 粉晶灰岩 粉晶结构 中—低 开阔潮下

Fig. 3

Micrographs of microfacies of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Table 2

Characteristics of typical sedimentary facies of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

亚相 微相 岩性
开阔
台地
开阔潮下 灰质、泥灰质开阔潮下 泥晶灰岩、(含)颗粒
泥晶灰岩
浅滩 鲕粒滩、生屑滩、砂屑滩 鲕粒灰岩、生屑灰岩、
局限
台地
潮坪 泥坪、灰坪、灰云坪、云坪
云灰坪、膏云坪
灰质云岩、云质灰岩、泥质灰岩、泥晶灰岩
潟湖 云膏质潟湖、
泥质潟湖、灰质潟湖
膏质云岩、膏质灰岩
台内滩 鲕粒滩、生屑滩、砂屑滩 鲕粒灰岩、生屑灰岩、鲕粒云岩、生屑白云岩、残余颗粒白云岩、晶粒白云岩
蒸发
台地
膏盐湖 厚层膏质、云膏质潟湖 石膏岩、膏质云岩
云膏坪 薄层云膏坪、膏坪 石膏岩、含云质膏岩、膏质云岩

Fig. 4

Lithology characteristics of typical carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 5

Development patterns of paragenesis system of sedimentary facies-carbonate-evaporite in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 6

Well-tie profiles of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 7

Planar distribution of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 8

SSQ4 paleogeomorphology and development characteristics of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 9

Sedimentary evolution models of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 10

Hydrocarbon accumulation models of carbonate-evaporite paragenesis systems in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin"

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