岩性油气藏 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 39–53.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210304

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

伊拉克-伊朗地区侏罗纪—白垩纪构造-沉积演化特征

王欢1,2, 刘波3, 石开波3, 刘航宇3, 韩波4   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学 (北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083;
    2. 波鸿鲁尔大学 地质学、矿物学、地球物理学学院, 德国 波鸿 44801;
    3. 北京大学 地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871;
    4. 中国石油集团测井有限公司 技术中心, 西安 710077
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-30 修回日期:2020-09-03 发布日期:2021-06-03
  • 第一作者:王欢（1991—），女，中国地质大学（北京）在读博士研究生，研究方向为碳酸盐岩储层评价。地址：（100083）北京市海淀区学院路29号。Email：emma_wang@163.com
  • 通信作者: 刘波(1965-),男,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事盆地构造-沉积演化、石油地质学等方面的研究工作。Email:bobliu@pku.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    北京大学与中国石油勘探开发研究院合作项目“伊拉克Ahdeb油田下部层系主力油藏碳酸盐岩微相及储层非均质性研究”（编号：RIPED-2019-JS-378）资助

Characteristics of tectonic-sedimentary evolution from Jurassic to Cretaceous in Iraq-Iran area

WANG Huan1,2, LIU Bo3, SHI Kaibo3, LIU Hangyu3, HAN Bo4   

  1. 1. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 10083, China;
    2. Institute of Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysical, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany;
    3. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    4. Technology Center, China Petroleum Logging Co. Ltd., CNPC, Xi'an 710077, China
  • Received:2020-06-30 Revised:2020-09-03 Published:2021-06-03

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摘要： 为明确伊拉克-伊朗地区侏罗纪-白垩纪构造-沉积演化特征及其对油气分布的影响，基于前人研究成果及油田相关资料，对该地区侏罗纪-白垩纪沉积相平面分布及纵向演化特征进行研究。结果表明：伊拉克-伊朗地区侏罗纪-白垩纪构造-沉积演化与新特提斯洋活动密切相关，中侏罗世巴柔期-晚侏罗世提塘期，相对海平面变化控制了该地区沉积演化，沉积模式由碳酸盐岩缓坡模式演化为碳酸盐岩台地模式，最终被厚层蒸发岩充填；早白垩世，南、中大西洋的开启及扩张控制了该时期的沉积演化，沉积模式由早期差异缓坡模式，演化为2期交互出现的河流三角洲和碳酸盐岩单斜缓坡模式；晚白垩世，伊拉克-伊朗地区呈内陆棚盆地相与浅水碳酸盐岩相共同发育的沉积格局，演化模式由碳酸盐岩单斜缓坡，经淹没台地、缓坡+台地模式演化为差异缓坡模式；侏罗纪-白垩纪独特的构造-沉积条件，形成了伊拉克-伊朗地区理想的生储盖组合，晚白垩世以来的构造演化阶段，有效匹配了圈闭形成和油气运移关键时刻，以上构成了该地区最富含油气的侏罗系及白垩系-新近系含油气系统。这对中东地区区域构造-沉积研究及油气分布预测具有指导意义。

关键词: 构造-沉积演化, 沉积演化模式, 含油气系统, 侏罗纪, 白垩纪, 伊拉克, 伊朗

Abstract: In order to clarify the characteristics of tectonic-sedimentary evolution from Jurassic to Cretaceous and its effect on hydrocarbon distribution，the horizontal distribution and vertical evolution of sedimentary facies were studied based on previous research and relevant data of oil fields. The results show that the tectonic-sedimentary evolution from Jurassic to Cretaceous is closely related to the Neo-Tethys Ocean evolution. From Mid-Jurassic Bajocian to Late Jurassic Tithonian，transgression and regression caused by periodic sea-level changes have an important effect on sedimentary characteristics. The depositional model evolved from carbonate ramp to carbonate platform，and finally filled by evaporate. In the Early Cretaceous，the opening and expansion of the South and Central Atlantic Oceans control the sedimentary evolution in this area. The depositional model evolved from the early differential carbonate ramp to two phases of alternating fluvial delta and carbonate ramp. In the Late Cretaceous，shallow-water carbonate deposits attached intra-shelf basin were developed together in Iran-Iraq area. The sedimentary model evolved into a differential ramp from the monoclinic ramp，submerged platform，and carbonate ramp + platform. The unique tectonic-sedimentary evolution from Jurassic to Cretaceous formed an ideal source-reservoir-seal assemblage in Iraq-Iran area. The tectonic evolution since the Late Cretaceous made an effective match between the timing of trap formation and hydrocarbon migration. Ideal source-reservoir-seal assemblage and perfect timing of trap formation and hydrocarbon migration constituted the most oil-rich Jurassic and Cretaceous-Neogene petroleum systems in Iraq-Iran area. The study has important guiding significance for regional tectonic-sedimentary research and hydrocarbon distribution prediction in the Middle East.

Key words: tectonic-sedimentary evolution, sedimentary evolution model, petroleum system, Jurassic, Creta-ceous, Iraq, Iran

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.1+1
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