岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 127–135.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250412

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区下古生界风化壳储层地球物理识别及分布预测

王永刚1,2, 杜广宏1,2, 何润3, 瞿长1,2, 佘钰蔚1,2, 黄诚1,2   

  1. 1. 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室, 西安 710018;
    2. 中国石油长庆油田公司 勘探开发研究院, 西安 710018;
    3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院, 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-22 修回日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2025-07-05
  • 第一作者:王永刚（1980-），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事地震资料解释、储层预测及其方法研究工作。地址：（710018）陕西省西安市未央区151号。Email：Wangyg_cq@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 通信作者: 杜广宏（1988-），男，高级工程师，主要从事地震资料解释、储层预测及方法研究工作。Email：dghong_cq@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技重大专项“陇东地区天然气藏地球物理预测关键技术研发及应用”（编号：23ZDGA004）和中国石油集团重大专项“复杂碳酸盐岩地球物理评价关键技术研究”（编号：2023ZZ16YJ04）联合资助。

Geophysical identification and distribution prediction of weathered crust reservoirs in Lower Paleozoic of Longdong area，Ordos Basin

WANG Yonggang1,2, DU Guanghong1,2, HE Run3, QU Chang1,2, SHE Yuwei1,2, HUANG Cheng1,2   

  1. 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Field, Xi'an 710018, China;
    2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China;
    3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2024-10-22 Revised:2024-12-25 Published:2025-07-05

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摘要： 综合利用岩心资料、测井及地震等资料，对鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区下古生界风化壳储层及其测井响应特征、地震反射特征进行了分析，并采用印模法、地震图像增强等方法，明确了该区前石炭系古地貌特征、断裂-裂缝体系特征和风化壳储层的分布特征。研究结果表明：①陇东地区储层岩性主要为泥晶—微晶白云岩，平均孔隙度为4.44%，平均渗透率为0.29 mD，属致密储层；按成因可分为裂缝-溶孔型、裂缝-溶缝型及溶孔型3类，以裂缝-溶孔型为主。②研究区不同类储层的测井响应特征、地震反射特征差异大，溶孔型及裂缝-溶孔型储层均具有高声波时差、高中子，低电阻率、低伽马、低密度的特征，且成像测井均可见深色斑点，但裂缝-溶孔型储层成像测井可见高倾角或网状暗色条带，地震剖面呈弱振幅、高频率、不连续反射特征，地震同相轴具有“削截”特征，而溶孔型储层在地震剖面上具有呈强连续、中—弱振幅、中频反射特征，“削截”现象不明显；裂缝-溶缝型储层在常规测井曲线上幅度变化小，成像测井见不规则的断续状暗色条带，在地震剖面上呈高频、强振幅、连续反射，同相轴具有“削截”特征。③研究区前石炭系古地貌分为岩溶高地、岩溶斜坡、岩溶盆地3个次级单元，裂缝-溶孔型、裂缝-溶缝型储层主要沿岩溶高地或岩溶斜坡边缘呈条带状断续分布，北西、北东东向断裂交会区是主要发育区，而溶孔型储层主要分布于岩溶盆地；奥陶系马家沟，寒武系三山子组、张夏组顶部发育的风化壳储层均沿地层尖灭线呈环带状分布，其中一类含气有利区12个，总面积为208.47 km2，二类含气有利区10个，总面积为745.45 km2。

关键词: 风化壳储层, 溶蚀孔洞, 断裂-裂缝, 古地貌, 测井响应特征, 地震反射特征, 下古生界, 陇东地区, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: Based on core data，well logging and seismic data，the well logging response and seismic reflection features of weathered crust reservoir of Lower Paleozoic in Longdong area of Ordos Basin were analyzed. Using impression method and seismic image enhancement， the paleogeomorphology features， fault-fracture system characteristics and the spatial distribution of weathered crust reservoir in pre-Carboniferous of the study area were clarified. The results show that： （1）The reservoir lithology in Longdong area mainly composed of mud crystalmicrocrystalline dolomite ， with an average porosity of 4.44% and an average permeability of 0.29 mD， belonging to tight reservoir. Based on genesis，they can be clasified into 3 types such as fracture-dissolved pore， fracture-dissolved vug，and dissolved pore，with fracture-dissolved pore as the main type.（2）Different types of reservoirs of the study area exhibit significant variations in well logging response and seismic reflection： fracturedissolved pore and dissolved pore display high acoustic transit time，high neutron， low resistivity，low gamma ray，and low density，and dark spots can be seen in imaging logging. However， imaging logging of fracturedissolved pore reservoirs shows high dip angle or reticular dark bands，and seismic profiles exhibit weak amplitude，high frequency，and discontinuous reflection characteristics. The seismic events has“truncation”feature. While dissolved pore reservoirs have strong continuity，medium-weak amplitude，and medium frequency reflection characteristics on seismic profiles，and the“truncation”feature is not obvious.The amplitude variation of fracture-dissolved vug reservoirs is small on conventional logging curves，and irregular intermittent dark bands are observed on imaging logging. On seismic profiles，they exhibit high-frequency，strong amplitude，and continuous reflection，and the seismic events has“truncation”feature.（3）The pre-Carboniferous paleogeomorphology of the study area can be classified into 3 subunits： karst highlands，karst slopes，and karst basins. Fracturedissolved pore and fracture-dissolved vug reservoirs are mainly sporadically distributed in a strip like along the peripheries of the karst highlands or slopes. The intersection area of NW and NEE faults serves as the primary development zone，while dissolved pore reservoirs are primarily found within karst basins. The weathered crust reservoirs developed at the tops of Ordovician Majiagou，Cambrian Sanshanzi Formation and Zhangxia Formation are distributed in a ring-shaped pattern along the inner side of structural closures. Based on comprehensive evaluation，12 favorable areas for gas-bearing weathered crust reservoirs of Class Ⅰ with an area of 208.47 km2 and 10 favorable areas of Class Ⅱ with an area of 745.45 km2 have been selected.

Key words: weathered crust reservoir, dissolved cavity, fault-fracture, paleogeomorphology, logging response characteristics, seismic response characteristics, Lower Paleozoic, Longdong area, Ordos Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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