岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 41–52.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250104

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷白垩系铜钵庙组原油地球化学特征及来源

何星1, 金玮2,3, 张帆2,3, 霍秋立2,3, 李跃2, 鲍俊驰2,3, 刘璐2,3, 曾庆兵4   

  1. 1. 大庆油田有限责任公司 采油工程研究院, 黑龙江 大庆 163453;
    2. 大庆油田有限责任公司 勘探开发研究院, 黑龙江 大庆 163712;
    3. 多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163712;
    4. 上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-07 修回日期:2024-09-23 出版日期:2025-01-01 发布日期:2025-01-04
  • 第一作者:何星（1977—），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事油气地质与地球化学研究。地址：（163453）黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区西宾路9号大庆油田有限责任公司采油工艺研究院。Email：hexing1@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 通信作者: 张帆（1981—），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事勘探地质与地球化学研究。Email:zhangfan1@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项“复杂含油气盆地构造及其控油气作用”（编号：2011ZX05003-002）资助。

Geochemical characteristics and source of crude oil of Cretaceous Tongbomiao Formation in Urxun Depression，Hailar Basin

HE Xing1, JIN Wei2,3, ZHANG Fan2,3, HUO Qiuli2,3, LI Yue2, BAO Junchi2,3, LIU Lu2,3, ZENG Qingbing4   

  1. 1. Production Engineering Research Institute, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd, Daqing 163453, Heilongjiang, China;
    2. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China;
    4. College of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2023-09-07 Revised:2024-09-23 Online:2025-01-01 Published:2025-01-04

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摘要： 海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷白垩系铜钵庙组勘探获得突破，是资源潜力较大的新层系。通过TOC、热解、Ro、族组成、色谱、色质、δ13C等分析化验资料，对研究区各洼槽各小层的烃源岩进行了丰度、类型和成熟度评价，深入分析了铜钵庙组原油地球化学特征，定量计算了原油来源，并预测了下步有利勘探方向。研究结果表明：①海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷铜钵庙组整体发育TOC平均值为1%、类型以Ⅰ—Ⅱ2型为主的中等烃源岩，其中铜二段泥岩也可见Ⅰ型烃源岩，洼槽区Ro为0.6%～1.5%，处于成熟阶段。②研究区铜钵庙组原油可分为乌北铜三段原油、乌南铜三段原油和乌南铜二段原油3类。乌北铜三段原油高饱和烃，姥植比高，饱和烃与芳烃δ13C偏重，C27重排甾烷和三环萜烷含量高。乌南铜三段原油具有高饱和烃、饱和烃与芳烃δ13C偏轻，C27重排甾烷和三环萜烷含量中等。乌南铜二段原油饱和烃含量低，奇偶优势比（OEP）值高，饱和烃与芳烃δ13C轻，C27重排甾烷和三环萜烷含量低。③研究区铜钵庙组3类原油均来源于南屯组南一段泥岩和铜钵庙组泥岩的二元混合，乌北铜三段原油与乌北南一段烃源岩更接近，乌北南一段泥岩的贡献比例为62.9%；乌南铜三段原油与乌南南一段烃源岩更接近，乌南南一段泥岩的贡献比例为59.5%；乌南铜二段原油与乌南铜二段烃源岩更接近，乌南铜二段泥岩的贡献比例为75.4%。④乌北和乌南洼槽发育厚度大于200 m的暗色泥岩，可为铜三段油藏和铜二段油藏供烃，乌北洼槽和乌东斜坡带为乌尔逊凹陷铜钵庙组下步甩开勘探的有利区带。

关键词: 烃源岩评价, 油源对比, 贡献比例, 碳同位素, 地球化学特征, 铜钵庙组, 白垩系, 乌尔逊凹陷, 海拉尔盆地

Abstract: The Cretaceous Tongbomiao Formation in Urxun Depression of the Hailar Basin has achieved exploration breakthroughs，it is a new layer with great potential for resources. On the basis of dividing the Tongbomiao Formation into three layers，the abundance，type，and maturity of the source rocks in each small layer of the trough in the study area were evaluated trough analysis and laboratory data such as TOC，pyrolysis，Ro，group composition，chromatography，color quality，and carbon isotopes. The geochemical characteristics of the crude oil in the Tongbomiao Formation were analyzed in depth，and the source of the crude oil was quantitatively calculated，and the favorable exploration direction was predicted. The results show that：（1）The overall development of the Tongbomiao Formation in Urxun Depression is a medium source rock with a TOC mean of about 1%， mainly of type Ⅰ-Ⅱ2. The mudstone of the Tongbomiao Formation（t2）is source rock of type Ⅰ，and the Ro in the trough is 0.6%-1.5%，which is in the mature stage.（2）The crude oil of the Tongbomiao Formation in the research area can be divided into three categories. The crude oil of the third section of the Tongbomiao Formation（t3）in north Urxun，the crude oil of the third section of the Tongbomiao Formation（t3）in south Urxun，and the crude oil of the second section of the Tongbomiao Formation（t2）in south Urxun. T3 crude oil of North Urxun has high saturation hydrocarbons content，high ratio of Pr to Ph，heavy carbon isotopes of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons，and high content of C27 rearranged steranes and tricyclic terpenes. T3 crude oil of South Urxun has high saturation hydrocarbons content，light carbon isotopes of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons，and moderate content of C27 rearranged steranes and tricyclic terpenes. T2 crude oil of South Urxun has low saturated hydrocarbon content，high OEP value，light carbon isotopes of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons，and low content of C27 rearranged steranes and tricyclic terpenes.（3）All three types of crude oil in the Tongbomiao Formation are binary mixtures of the mudstone of first section of the Nantun Formation（n1） and the mudstone of the Tongbomiao Formation. The first type of crude oil is closer to the source rock of n1 in north Urxun，and the mixed source ratio calculation shows that its contribution from the mudstone of n1 in north Urxun is 62.9%. The second type of crude oil is closer to the source rock of n1 in south Urxun，and the mixed source ratio calculation shows that its contribution from the mudstone of n1 in south Urxun is 59.5%. The third type of crude oil is closer to the source rock of t2 in south Urxun，and the mixed source ratio calculation shows that its contribution from the mudstone of t2 in south Urxun is 75.4%.（4）The dark mudstone with a depth of over 200 m is developed in the north Urxun and south Urxun troughs，which can be used for exploration of oil reservoirs of t3 with mainly external hydrocarbons supply and oil reservoirs of t2，respectively. The north Urxun trough and east Urxun slope zone can be regarded as favorable areas for further exploration of the Tongbomiao Formation in Urxun Depression.

Key words: evaluation of source rocks, oil and source correlation, contribution ratio, carbon isotope, geochemical characteristics, Tongbomiao Formation, Cretaceous, Urxun Depression, Hailar Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+14
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