岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 149–160.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250113

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

库车坳陷克深地区白垩系巴什基奇克组致密砂岩裂缝发育特征及地质意义

卫欢1,2, 单长安1,2, 朱松柏3, 黄钟新3, 刘汉广3, 朱兵3, 吴长涛3   

  1. 1. 西安石油大学 地球科学与工程学院, 西安 710065;
    2. 西安石油大学 陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室, 西安 710065;
    3. 中国石油塔里木油田公司克拉采油气管理区, 新疆 库尔勒 841000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-14 修回日期:2024-08-15 出版日期:2025-01-01 发布日期:2025-01-04
  • 第一作者:卫欢（2000—），女，西安石油大学在读硕士研究生，研究方向为油气开发地质。地址：（710065）西安市雁塔区电子二路18号。Email：13008568916@163.com。
  • 通信作者: 单长安（1985—），男，博士，副教授，主要从事油气地质综合评价与开发方面的教学与研究工作。Email:shanca@xsyu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气集团有限公司攻关性应用科技专项“超深层油气藏提高采收率关键技术研究与应用（编号：2023ZZ14YJ04）”及中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目“克深气田克深8气藏25亿方稳产压舱石示范工程研究（编号：2023YQX10305）”联合资助。

Fracture development characteristics and geological significance of tight sandstone of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area，Kuqa Depression

WEI Huan1,2, SHAN Changan1,2, ZHU Songbai3, HUANG Zhongxin3, LIU Hanguang3, ZHU Bing3, WU Changtao3   

  1. 1. School of Earth Science, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Oil and Gas Accumulation Geology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    3. Tarim Oilfield Companny, PetroChina, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-07-14 Revised:2024-08-15 Online:2025-01-01 Published:2025-01-04

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摘要： 根据岩心、铸体薄片、激光共聚焦扫描电镜等资料，对库车坳陷克深地区白垩系巴什基奇克组裂缝发育特征及主控因素进行了详细研究，并探讨了其对储层物性和油气聚集效应的影响。研究结果表明：①库车坳陷克深地区白垩系巴什基奇克组为典型的致密砂岩储层，岩石类型以岩屑长石砂岩为主，主要发育剪切缝和张性裂缝，且以高角度缝和直立缝为主，未充填和半充填裂缝占比较大；克深A、克深B气藏裂缝的平面分布差异主要由构造位置和应力演化的不同所导致，其中克深A气藏裂缝有效性优于克深B气藏。②研究区不同构造部位的裂缝密度和有效性存在差异，背斜高点部位裂缝有效性最高，鞍部和翼部近断裂处虽裂缝密度大但有效性较低；砂岩中裂缝有效性高于泥岩；砂、泥岩厚度比与裂缝密度呈非线性关系，当砂岩厚度和泥岩厚度的比值达到6.1时，裂缝密度出现最大值，当比值大于6.1时，裂缝密度逐渐减小。③研究区裂缝的发育可提高致密砂岩储层的渗透率，裂缝网络系统可有效连接低渗透储层，提升了油气的成藏效率、运移能力和富集程度。

关键词: 致密砂岩, 剪切缝, 张性裂缝, 构造部位, 裂缝密度, 砂泥岩厚度比, 储集能力, 巴什基奇克组, 白垩系, 克深地区, 库车坳陷

Abstract: Based on the data of core，cast slice and laser confocal scanning electron microscopy，the fracture development characteristics and main controlling factors of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area of Kuqa Depression are analyzed，and their influence on reservoir physical properties and hydrocarbon accumulation effect is discussed. The results show that：（1）The rock type of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area of Kuqa Depression is dominated by lithic feldspar sandstone，which is a typical tight sandstone reservoir. Shear and tension fractures are mainly developed，and high angle and vertical fractures are mainly developed，and unfilled and semi-filled fractures occupy a relatively large proportion. The difference of fracture plane distribution in Keshen A and B gas reservoirs is mainly caused by the difference of structural location and stress evolution，and the fracture effectiveness of A gas reservoir is better than that of B gas reservoir.（2）There are differences for the fracture density and effectiveness in the different structural location. The fracture effectiveness is highest at the high point of the anticline，while the fracture density is high but the effectiveness is low at the saddle and wing near the fracture. The fracture effectiveness in sandstone is higher than that in mudstone. There is a nonlinear relationship between the thickness ratio of sand and mudstone and the fracture density，and the fracture density reaches its maximum value when the thickness ratio of sand and mudstone reaches 6.1，beyond which the fracture density gradually decreases.（3）Fracture development significantly increases the permeability of tight sandstone reservoirs；The fracture network can effectively connect the low permeability reservoir， improve the accumulation efficiency and migration ability of oil and gas，increase the reservoir reserves and enhance the resource development potential of the reservoir. This study has certain guiding significance for the migration and enrichment of oil and gas in the same type reservoir and the productivity of single well.

Key words: tight sandstone, shear fractures, tension fractures, structural location, fracture density, thickness percentage of sand-mud, storage capacity, Bashijiqike Formation, Cretaceous, Keshen area, Kuqa Depression

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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