基性火山岩核磁共振响应机理及孔隙结构评价方法——以四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组为例

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250314

岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 153–164.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250314

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

基性火山岩核磁共振响应机理及孔隙结构评价方法——以四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组为例

赵艾琳^1,2, 赖强^1,2, 樊睿琦², 吴煜宇¹, 陈杰², 严双栏², 张家伟², 廖广志²

1. 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院, 成都 610041;
2. 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京), 北京 102249

收稿日期:2024-03-26 修回日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2025-05-10
第一作者:赵艾琳（1986—），女，硕士，工程师，主要从事测井评价方面的研究工作。地址：（610041）四川省成都市高新区天府大道北段12号。Email：zhaoailin@petrochina.com.cn。
通信作者: 廖广志（1981—），男，博士，教授，主要从事核磁共振、地球物理测井方面的科研与教学工作。Email：liaoguangzhi@cup.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题“低场中频井孔核磁共振原位宽温探测子系统”（编号：2023YFF0714102）、国家自然科学基金“随钻核磁共振物化特性分析基础理论与探测方法研究”（编号：51974337）联合资助。

Study on NMR response mechanism and pore structure evaluation method of basic volcanic rock：A case study of Permian Emeishan Basalt Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin

ZHAO Ailin^1,2, LAI Qiang^1,2, FAN Ruiqi², WU Yuyu¹, CHEN Jie², YAN Shuanglan², ZHANG Jiawei², LIAO Guangzhi²

1. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas field Company, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

Received:2024-03-26 Revised:2024-10-28 Published:2025-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组基性火山岩为例，基于基性火山岩的岩石学特征及核磁共振弛豫机理，通过内部磁场梯度数值模拟方法及变回波间隔核磁共振实验，分别探讨了内部磁场梯度、顺磁性矿物含量对T₂谱的影响，提出了一种表征基性火山岩孔隙结构的新方法。研究结果表明：①四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山火山岩储层岩性主要为玄武质火山碎屑熔岩、灰质角砾熔岩和玄武岩，灰质角砾熔岩和玄武质火山碎屑熔岩的矿物成分均主要为方解石、石英、斜长石及黏土矿物，黏土矿物的平均质量分数分别为27%和32%，其中绿泥石在黏土矿物中的占比分别为84%和33%。②基性火山岩中顺磁性矿物（绿泥石+含铁矿物）含量较高，在核磁共振测量时会产生较强的内部磁场梯度，在高内部磁场梯度下，随着回波间隔的增大，T₂谱主峰向短弛豫位置移动，谱面积不断减小，核磁孔隙度偏小；内部磁场梯度值越大，孔隙的几何形态越扭曲，孔径越小；内部磁场梯度对灰质角砾熔岩影响最大，其次为玄武质火山碎屑熔岩，对辉绿玢岩的影响最小。③通过数据拟合建立基于核磁孔隙度相对误差与顺磁性矿物含量的孔隙度校正公式；利用纵向弛豫时间T₁几乎不受内部磁场梯度影响的特点，将T₁转化为孔径分布；建立T₁与T₂谱几何平均值的关系，对T₂谱的峰值移动幅度进行校正，再进行孔径分布转换，即可实现T₂谱核磁孔隙结构评价。④通过该方法计算的研究区核磁孔隙度与测井孔隙度的相对误差为15%，平均孔喉半径与CT数字岩心实验得出的平均孔喉半径的误差为6%，研究区火山岩孔隙分布非均质性强，以中小孔喉为主。

关键词: 基性火山岩, 核磁共振, 横向弛豫时间, 内部磁场梯度, 顺磁性矿物, 数值模拟, 孔隙结构, 二叠系, 四川盆地

Abstract: Taking Permian Emeishan Basalt Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin as a case study，based on petrological characteristics and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation mechanism of basic volcanic rocks，the effects of internal magnetic field gradients and paramagnetic mineral content on T₂ spectra were analyzed by using a combination of numerical simulations of internal magnetic field gradients and variable echo time NMR experiments. A new method for characterizing the pore structure of basic volcanic rocks was proposed. The results show that：（1）The volcanic reservoirs in the study area are mainly composed of basalt volcanic clastic lava，calcareous breccia lava，and basaltic rock. The mineral composition of both calcareous breccia lava and basaltic volcanic debris lava is mainly composed of calcite，quartz，plagioclase，and clay minerals. The average mass fractions of clay minerals are 27% and 32%，respectively，with chlorite accounting for 84% and 33% of clay minerals，respectively.（2）The content of paramagnetic minerals（chlorite+iron containing minerals）in basic volcanic rocks is relatively high，which can generate strong internal magnetic field gradients during NMR measurements. Under high internal magnetic field gradient，as echo time increases，the main peak of the T₂ spectrum shifts toward shorter relaxation times，the overall spectrum area gradually decreases，and lead to a smaller nuclear magnetic porosity. The larger the internal magnetic field gradient value，the more distorted the geometric shape of the pores and the smaller the pore size. The internal magnetic field gradient has the greatest impact on calcareous breccia lava，followed by basaltic volcanic debris lava，and has the least impact on diabase porphyry.（3）Establishing a porosity correction formula based on relative error of nuclear magnetic porosity and paramagnetic mineral content through data fitting，converting T₁ spectrum into pore size distribution based on the feature that T₁ measurement is almost not affected by internal gradient magnetic field，establishing the relationship between the geometric mean value of T₁ and T₂ spectrum，correcting the peak shift of the T₂ spectrum，converting T₂ spectrum into pore size distribution，and then T₂ NMR pore structure evaluation can be achieved（. 4）The relative error between nuclear magnetic porosity calculated by this method and the logging porosity is 15%，the relative error of the average pore throat radius between calculated by the method described and from CT digital core experiment is 6%，the distribution of the basic volcanic rocks in the study area are highly heterogeneous，mainly consisting of small and medium-sized pores throats.

Key words: basic volcanic rocks, nuclear magnetic resonance, transverse relaxation time, internal magnetic field gradient, paramagnetic minerals, numerical simulation, pore structure, Permian, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

赵艾琳, 赖强, 樊睿琦, 吴煜宇, 陈杰, 严双栏, 张家伟, 廖广志. 基性火山岩核磁共振响应机理及孔隙结构评价方法——以四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组为例[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2025, 37(3): 153–164.

ZHAO Ailin, LAI Qiang, FAN Ruiqi, WU Yuyu, CHEN Jie, YAN Shuanglan, ZHANG Jiawei, LIAO Guangzhi. Study on NMR response mechanism and pore structure evaluation method of basic volcanic rock：A case study of Permian Emeishan Basalt Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(3): 153–164.

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基性火山岩核磁共振响应机理及孔隙结构评价方法——以四川盆地西南部二叠系峨眉山玄武岩组为例

Study on NMR response mechanism and pore structure evaluation method of basic volcanic rock：A case study of Permian Emeishan Basalt Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin

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