岩性油气藏 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 109–116.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2016.06.015

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

地震沉积学在坳陷湖盆滩坝砂体预测中的应用———以酒西盆地Y区块间泉子段为例

张闻亭1,潘树新1,刘震华1,张丽萍1,李伟2,王巍2   

  1. 1.中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,兰州730020;2.中国石油玉门油田分公司勘探开发研究院,甘肃酒泉735019
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-14 修回日期:2016-07-04 出版日期:2016-11-10 发布日期:2016-11-10
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油重大科技专项“青西—老君庙构造带整体评价与有效开发关键技术研究”(编号:2013E-3304)资助

Application of seismic sedimentology to prediction of beach and bar sand bodies in lacustrine basin: a case study of Jianquanzi member in Y block, Jiuxi Basin

Zhang Wenting1, Pan Shuxin1, Liu Zhenhua1, Zhang Liping1, Li Wei2, Wang Wei2   

  1. 1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Company, Jiuquan 735019, Gansu, China
  • Received:2016-03-14 Revised:2016-07-04 Online:2016-11-10 Published:2016-11-10

摘要: 滩坝砂体是我国陆相湖盆重要的勘探领域之一,由于该类砂体具有砂泥薄互层的特征,储层预测难度较大。针对薄层滩坝砂体预测难题,运用90° 相位转换、地层切片等地震沉积学技术,对酒西盆地Y区块间泉子段滩坝砂体进行了识别和描述,结合岩心、录井和测井等资料对地层切片进行了地质解释,从成因、岩性、沉积厚度及地球物理响应特征等方面总结了滩坝砂体的识别标志,并探讨了滩坝砂体分 布规律和形成主控因素。研究区滩坝砂体平面上位于辫状河三角洲之间的湖湾区,呈多排条带状平行于湖岸线分布,垂向上主要发育于五级湖平面下降旋回L3油层组。湖岸线频繁迁移、沉积古地形平缓及物源供给相对充足是研究区大面积滩坝砂体形成的主要控制因素。研究表明,地震沉积学相关技术是解决薄层储层预测的有效手段,指导了酒西盆地Y 区块岩性油气藏的精细勘探与开发,并可为与其具有相似地质背景地区的储层预测提供参考。

关键词: 古老碳酸盐岩, 有效烃源岩, 生烃潜力, 排烃方式

Abstract: The beach bar sand bodies have become an important exploration target in lacustrine basins of China. The prediction of beach bar sand bodies is difficult due to its thin bed characters. Under the guidance of seismic sedimentary theory, the techniques of 90° phase shift and stratal slicing were used to identify and characterize the distribution of beach bar sand bodies of Jianquanzi member in Y block of Jiuxi Basin. Based on the comprehensive analysis of core, lithology and logging data, stratal slices were interpreted. The identification signs of beach bar sand bodies were summed up from the aspects of origin, lithology, sedimentary thickness and geophysical response characteristics, and the distribution rule and controlling factors of beach bar sand bodies were discussed. The beach bar sand bodies were developed in lake-bays between braided deltas, and vertically in L3 reservoir group of descending half cycle of fifth-order cycle, and were characterized by thin and multi-row distribution parallel to the shore line. The frequent change of lake level, gentle sedimentary palaeotopography and sufficient supply of source rocks are the main controlling factors for the large area distribution of beach bar sand bodies. The research results show that seismic sedimentology technology is an effective means to predict thin reservoirs and could advantageously guide the fine lithologic reservoir exploration and development. This research could provide reference for the reservoir prediction in other similar areas.

Key words: ancient carbonate rocks, ancient carbonate rocks, effective source rocks, effective source rocks, hydrocarbon potential, hydrocarbon potential, hydrocarbon expulsion, hydrocarbon expulsion

[1] Thompson W O. Original structures of beaches,bars,and dunes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1937,48(6):723-752.
[2] Wright L D,Short A D. Morphodynamic variability of surf zones and beaches:a synthesis[J]. Marine Geology,1984,56(1):93-118.
[3] 吴崇筠.湖盆砂体类型[J].沉积学报,1986,4(4):1-27.
Wu Chongjun. Sandbodies in lake basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1986,4(4):1-27.
[4] 朱筱敏,信荃麟,张晋仁.断陷盆地滩坝储集体沉积特征及沉积模式[J].沉积学报,1994,12(2):20-28.
Zhu Xiaomin,Xin Quanlin,Zhang Jinren. Sedimentary characteristics and models of the beach bar reservoirs in faulted down lacustrine basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1994,12(2):20-28.
[5] 陈世悦,杨剑萍,操应长.惠民凹陷西部下第三系沙河街组两种滩坝沉积特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(3):1-3.
Chen Shiyue,Yang Jianping,Cao Yingchang. Sedimentary characteristics of two kinds of beach bars of Shahejie Formation in the western Huimin Depression[J]. China Coal Geology & Exploration,2000,28(3):1-3.
[6] 操应长,王健,刘惠民,等.东营凹陷南坡沙四上亚段滩坝砂体的沉积特征及模式[J].中国石油大学学报( 自然科学版),2009, 23(6):5-10.
Cao Yingchang,Wang Jian,Liu Huimin,et al. Sedimentary characteristics and models of beachbar sandbody in the upper part of the Fourth Member of Paleogene in the south slope of Dongying Depression [J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition ofNatural Science),2009,23(6):5-10.
[7] 卫平生,潘树新,陈彬滔,等.湖泊岸线带直坝和斜坝:形成机制与沉积特征[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(11):1681-1688.
Wei Pingsheng,Pan Shuxin,Chen Bintao,et al. Lakeshore oblique and orthogonal bars:sedimentary features and formation mechanism[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(11):1681-1688.
[8] 卫平生,潘树新,王建功,等.湖岸线和岩性地层油气藏的关系研究———论“坳陷盆地湖岸线控油”[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):27-31.
Wei Pingsheng,Pan Shuxin,Wang Jiangong,et al. Study of the relationship between lithostratigraphic reservoirs and lakeshore line:Introduction on lakeshore line controlling oil/gas reservoirs in sag basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):27-31.
[9] 潘树新,王建功,刘彩燕,等.坳陷湖盆沿岸坝沉积特征、分布规律及成藏机制———以松辽盆地南部 青山口组为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(增刊2):70-78.
Pan Shuxin,Wang Jiangong,Liu Caiyan,et al. Sedimentary features,distribution pattern and accumulation mechanism of lake shore bar:taking the Qingshankou Formation in the Southern Songliao Basin as an example[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(Suppl 2):70-78.
[10] 邓宏文,马立祥,姜正龙,等.车镇凹陷大王北地区沙二段滩坝成因类型、分布规律与控制因素研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(5):716-724.
Deng Hongwen,Ma Lixiang,Jiang Zhenglong,et al. Sand bank generation types and its controls on their distribution,the second member of Shahejie Formation,Lower Teritiary,Dawangbei,Chezhen Depression [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(5):716-724.
[11] 王永诗,刘惠民,高永进,等.断陷湖盆滩坝砂体成因与成藏:以东营凹陷沙四上亚段为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):100-107.
Wang Yongshi,Liu Huimin,Gao Yongjin,et al. Sandbody genesis and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of beachbar reservoir in faultedlacustrinebasins:a case study from the upper of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation,Dongying Sag [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(1):100-107.
[12] Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barrow K T,et al. Stratal slicing,partⅠ:realistic 3Dseismicmodel[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[13] Zeng Hongliu,Henry S C,Riola J P. Stratal slicing,part Ⅱ:real seismic data[J]. Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[14] Zeng Hongliu,Hentz T F. Highfrequency sequence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology:applied to Miocene,Vermilion Block 50,Tiger Shoal area,offshore Louisiana[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[15] 刘化清,卫平生,李相博,等.对地震沉积学理论创新的认识[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(1):7-12.
Liu Huaqing,Wei Pingsheng,Li Xiangbo,et al. Discussion on theoretical innovation of seismic sedimentology [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(1):7-12.
[16] 朱筱敏,李洋,董艳蕾,等.地震沉积学研究方法和岐口凹陷沙河街组沙一段实例分析[J].中国地质,2013,40(1):152-162.
Zhu Xiaomin,Li Yang,Dong Yanlei,et al. The program of seismic sedimentology and its application to Shahejie Formation in Qikou depression of North China[J]. Geology in China,2013,40(1):152-162.
[17] 喻宸,吴胜和,杜文博,等.玉门油田老君庙构造带白杨河组层序地层及沉积体系特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):437-446.
Yu Chen,Wu Shenghe,Du Wenbo,et al. Sequence stratigraphy and depositional system of the Baiyanghe Formation in the Laojunmiao structural belt,Yumen oilfield,Jiuxi Basin,Northwest China [J].Oil & Gas Geology,2015,36(3):437-446.
[18] 潘良云,曾佐勋,李明杰,等.酒泉中新生代断坳叠合盆地及控油作用[J].地质学报,2012,86(4):535-547.
Pan Liangyun,Zeng Zuoxun,Li Mingjie,et al. Mesozoic Cenozoic fault superposition basin in Jiuquan and its oilcontrolling significance[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(4):535-547.
[19] 唐师荣.老君庙油田L 油层沉积相研究在油田开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1981,8(3):27-35.
Tang Shirong. Research on sedimentary facie of L oillayer in Laojunmiao oilfield and its application to petroleum development [J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1981,8(3):27-35.
[20] 王崇孝,马国福,周在华.酒泉盆地中、新生代构造演化及沉积充填特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):33-36.
Wang Chongxiao,Ma Guofu,Zhou Zaihua. Structure evolution and sedimentary filling of Jiuquan Baisn in MesozoicCenozoic period,NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(1):33-36.
[21] 冉波,李亚林,朱利东,等.青藏高原北缘新生代早期构造运动———来自酒西盆地始新世-渐新世的沉积学约束[J].岩石学报,2013,29(3):1027-1038.
Ran Bo,Li Yalin,Zhu Lidong,et al. Early tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:constrains from the sedimentary evidences in the EoceneOligocene of the Jiuxi basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(3):1027-1038.
[22] 赵冬娜,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等.地震沉积学在湖盆缓坡滩坝砂体预测中的应用———以准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,44(1):55-61.
Zhao Dongna,Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Yanlei,et al. Application of seismic sedimentology to prediction of beach and bar sandbodies in gentle slope of lacustrine basin:a case study of the Lower Cretaceous in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin,NW China [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,44(1):55-61.
[23] 朱筱敏,刘长利,张义娜,等.地震沉积学在陆相湖盆三角洲砂体预测中的应用[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):915-921.
Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Changli,Zhang Yina,et al. On seismic sedimentology of lacustrine deltaic depositional systems[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):915-921.
[24] 曾洪流,朱筱敏,朱如凯,等.陆相坳陷型盆地地震沉积学研究规范[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):275-284.
Zeng Hongliu,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhu Rukai,et al. Guidelines for seisimic sedimentologic study in nonmarine postrift basins[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(3):275-284.
[25] 史忠生,王天琦,王建功,等.地震沉积学在不同地质条件下砂体识别中的应用———以松辽盆地西斜坡和长垣地区为例[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(3):5-10.
Shi Zhongsheng,Wang Tianqi,Wang Jiangong,et al. Application of seismic sedimentology to sand body identification under different geological settings:a case study from the western slope and placanticline of Songliao Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(3):5-10.
[1] 杨海波, 冯德浩, 杨小艺, 郭文建, 韩杨, 苏加佳, 杨皩, 刘成林. 准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩特征及热演化史模拟[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 156-166.
[2] 李二庭, 米巨磊, 张宇, 潘越扬, 迪丽达尔·肉孜, 王海静, 高秀伟. 准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1): 88-97.
[3] 郭谨豪, 胡国艺, 何坤, 米敬奎, 田连杰, 贺飞, 郭楚媛, 卢梦蝶. 川北地区二叠系大隆组烃源岩地球化学特征及沉积环境[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(5): 139-152.
[4] 唐勇, 王智强, 庞燕青, 邓世坤, 王超, 洪鹏辉. 准噶尔盆地西部坳陷二叠系下乌尔禾组烃源岩生烃潜力评价[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(4): 16-28.
[5] 魏新, 唐建云, 宋红霞, 陈玉宝. 鄂尔多斯盆地甘泉地区上古生界烃源岩地球化学特征及生烃潜力[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(6): 92-100.
[6] 潘宾锋, 高月泉, 潘涛, 李宗贤, 王志伟, 邱文波, 封蓉. 银额盆地拐子湖凹陷北部地区白垩系烃源岩特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2021, 33(6): 114-123.
[7] 袁媛, 杜克锋, 葛云锦, 吴凤, 宋健. 鄂尔多斯盆地甘泉—富县地区长7烃源岩地球化学特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(1): 39-45.
[8] 谢云欣,周文,过敏,陈义才, Qiumei Zhou. 中国中部古老碳酸盐岩有效烃源岩存在的典型实例分析[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(6): 16-22.
[9] 王 朋,柳广弟,曹 喆,苏 惠,常俊合. 查干凹陷下白垩统有效烃源岩识别及其控藏作用[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(2): 18-25.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 黄思静,黄培培,王庆东,刘昊年,吴 萌,邹明亮. 胶结作用在深埋藏砂岩孔隙保存中的意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2007, 19(3): 7 -13 .
[2] 刘震, 陈艳鹏, 赵阳,, 郝奇, 许晓明, 常迈. 陆相断陷盆地油气藏形成控制因素及分布规律概述[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2007, 19(2): 121 -127 .
[3] 丁超,郭兰,闫继福. 子长油田安定地区延长组长6 油层成藏条件分析[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2009, 21(1): 46 -50 .
[4] 李彦山,张占松,张超谟,陈鹏. 应用压汞资料对长庆地区长6 段储层进行分类研究[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2009, 21(2): 91 -93 .
[5] 罗 鹏,李国蓉,施泽进,周大志,汤鸿伟,张德明. 川东南地区茅口组层序地层及沉积相浅析[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2010, 22(2): 74 -78 .
[6] 左国平,屠小龙,夏九峰. 苏北探区火山岩油气藏类型研究[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2012, 24(2): 37 -41 .
[7] 王飞宇. 提高热采水平井动用程度的方法与应用[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2010, 22(Z1): 100 -103 .
[8] 袁云峰,才业,樊佐春,姜懿洋,秦启荣,蒋庆平. 准噶尔盆地红车断裂带石炭系火山岩储层裂缝特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2011, 23(1): 47 -51 .
[9] 袁剑英,付锁堂,曹正林,阎存凤,张水昌,马达德. 柴达木盆地高原复合油气系统多源生烃和复式成藏[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2011, 23(3): 7 -14 .
[10] 石战战,贺振华,文晓涛,唐湘蓉. 一种基于EMD 和GHT 的储层识别方法[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2011, 23(3): 102 -105 .