岩性油气藏 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 99–112.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20240210

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

川东北地区上三叠统须家河组物源分析

薄尚尚1,2, 田继先3, 李曜良1, 王晔桐1,2, 王昊1,2, 孙国强1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学 地球与行星科学学院, 北京 100049;
    3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-14 修回日期:2023-03-15 出版日期:2024-03-01 发布日期:2024-03-06
  • 第一作者:薄尚尚（1999—），男，中国科学院大学在读硕士研究生，研究方向为构造地质学。地址：（730000）甘肃省兰州市城关区东岗西路382号。Email：boshangshang21@mails.ucas.ac.cn。
  • 通信作者: 孙国强（1977—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事含油气盆地构造地质学及石油地质学方面的研究工作。Email：sguoqiang@lzb.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“富火山岩岩屑砂砾岩储层中沸石类自生矿物的形成条件和溶蚀机理及其对储层物性的影响”（编号：41872145）资助。

Provenance analysis of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

BO Shangshang1,2, TIAN Jixian3, LI Yaoliang1, WANG Yetong1,2, WANG Hao1,2, SUN Guoqiang1   

  1. 1. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2023-02-14 Revised:2023-03-15 Online:2024-03-01 Published:2024-03-06

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摘要： 根据地质剖面野外考察、重点样品的重矿物含量及碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄测定，结合区域构造背景、周缘地质体年龄、地层展布特征及古水流等资料，对川东北地区上三叠统须家河组的物源进行了分析。研究结果表明：①川东北地区上三叠统须家河组沉积期的物源来自北东和南东2个方向，盆地腹部的七里乡地区须家河组沉积物是由东北部山前带的大巴山地质公园和东南部山前带的复平镇黑天池汇入，从山前带到腹部，沉积物粒度由粗变细，ZTR指数由小变大。②研究区须家河组沉积物主要来自北东方向的秦岭造山带和南东方向的江南造山带，碎屑锆石年龄总体呈现出210～282 Ma，400～ 500 Ma，650～850 Ma，1 500～2 000 Ma，2 265～2 600 Ma共5个年龄区间，峰值分别为～213 Ma，～427 Ma，～725 Ma，～1 694 Ma，～2 352 Ma，须家河组沉积年龄应不早于～213 Ma。③～213 Ma与勉略缝合带形成相对应，主要源自南秦岭造山带；～427 Ma与商丹洋俯冲关闭相对应，主要源自北秦岭造山带；～725 Ma与Rodinia超大陆裂解有关，江南造山带西段最可能成为该年龄段的物源；～1 694 Ma年龄段锆石可能形成于Columbia超大陆拼合、裂解过程，该年龄段锆石主要来自华北板块南缘和江南造山带西段等外源区；含量较少的～2 352 Ma的锆石来自再旋回物源。④研究区须家河组储层主要发育于北东和南东两大物源供给体系下的辫状河三角洲—滨浅湖沉积体系中，2个方向的物源控制着储层岩石类型和孔隙发育情况，使其具有较强的区域性。

关键词: 重矿物组合, 锆石U-Pb定年, 沉积物源, 须家河组, 上三叠统, 川东北地区

Abstract: Based on field investigation of geological profiles，determination of heavy mineral content and detrital zircon U-Pb ages of key samples，combined with regional tectonic setting，age of peripheral geological bodies，stratigraphic distribution and palaeocurrent，the provenance of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin was analyzed. The results show that：（1）The provenance of the sediments during the deposition period of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin was derived from the northeast and southeast directions. The sediments of Xujiahe Formation in Qilixiang area were sourced from the Daba Mountain Geological Park in the northeastern piedmont zone and Heitianchi of Fuping Town in the southeastern piedmont zone，and subsequently deposited in the basin. During transportation from the piedmont zone to the basin，the sediment grain size underwent a change from coarse to fine，accompanied by an increase in the ZTR index.（2）The sediments of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the study area are mainly derived from the Qinling orogenic belt in northeast and the Jiangnan orogenic belt in southeast. The ages of detrital zircons are 210- 282 Ma，400-500 Ma，650-850 Ma，1 500-2 000 Ma，and 2 265-2 600 Ma，with peak values of ～213 Ma， ～427 Ma，～725 Ma，～1 694 Ma，～2 352 Ma，respectively. The sedimentary age of Xujiahe Formation should be no earlier than ～213 Ma.（3）～213 Ma corresponds to the formation of Mian-Lue suture zone，and the provenance of this stage is mainly from the south Qinling orogenic belt. ～427 Ma corresponds to the subduction and closure of Shangdan Ocean，and the provenance of this stage mainly originates from the north Qinling orogenic belt. ～725 Ma should be related to the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent，and the western Jiangnan orogenic belt is the most likely source of this age. Zircons of ～1 694 Ma age may have been formed during the amalgamation and fragmentation of the Columbia supercontinent，and the zircons of this age are mainly derived from the southern margin of the North China Plate and the western section of the Jiangnan orogenic belt. The zircons of ～2 352 Ma account for a small proportion and are derived from retrocyclic provenance.（4）The reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation in the study area are mainly developed in the braided river delta-shore-shallow lake depositional system under the northeast and southeast provenance supply systems，and the provenance in the two directions controls the rock types and pore development of the reservoirs，making it a strong regional character.

Key words: heavy mineral assemblage, zircon U-Pb dating, sediment source, Xujiahe Formation, Upper Triassic, northeastern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.3
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[51] 缪宇,田瑜峰,吴亮,等. 上扬子西南待补地区飞仙关组年代学、岩石地球化学及其对Rodinia超大陆构造演化的指示[J]. 地质学报,2021,95(12):3739-3757. MIAO Yu,TIAN Yufeng,WU Liang,et al. Zircon U-Pb chronology,petrochemistry and its implications for Rodinia supercontinent tectonic evolution in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Daibu area,southwest of Upper Yangtze[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2021,95(12):3739-3757.
[52] 邓奇,汪正江,任光明,等. 扬子地块西北缘~2.09 Ga和~1.76 Ga花岗质岩石:Columbia超大陆聚合-裂解的岩浆记录[J]. 地球科学,2020,45(9):3295-3312. DENG Qi,WANG Zhengjiang,REN Guangming,et al. Identification of the~2.09 Ga and~1.76 Ga Granitoids in the northwestern Yangtze block:Records of the assembly and break-up of Columbia supercontinent[J]. Earth Science,2020,45(9):3295-3312.
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[54] 聂银兰,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等. 陆相断陷盆地源-汇系统要素表征及研究展望[J]. 地质论评,2022,68(5):1881-1896. NIE Yinlan,ZHU Xiaomin,DONG Yanlei,et al. Characterization and research prospect of source-to-sink system elements in continental rift basin[J]. Geological Review,2022,68(5):1881-1896.
[55] 胡斌,张靓,季汉成,等. 北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷东部物源方向及沉积体系时空演化[J]. 岩性油气藏,2014,26(4):22-27. HU Bin,ZHANG Liang,JI Hancheng,et al. Depositional system evolution and provenance orientation in the eastern Maichen Sag,Beibu Gulf Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2014,26(4):22-27.
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[58] ZHU Min,CHEN Hanlin,ZHOU Jing,et al. Provenance change from the Middle to Late Triassic of the southwestern Sichuan Basin,southwest China:Constraints from the sedimentary record and its tectonic significance[J]. Tectonophysics, 2017,700/701:92-107.
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