Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 50-62.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20220504

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Microscopic pore structure characteristics of shale of Ordovician Wulalike Formation in western Ordos Basin

ZHANG Fengqi1,2, LI Yinong1,2,3, LUO Julan3, REN Xiaofeng3, ZHANG Lanxin1,2, ZHANG Jieyu1,2   

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    3. CNPC Logging Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710077, China
  • Received:2022-01-29 Revised:2022-04-24 Online:2022-09-01 Published:2022-09-06

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Abstract: By means of argon ion polishing field emission scanning electron microscope observation,X-ray dif-fraction analysis,helium porosity measurement,cryogenic nitrogen adsorption-desorption and other experimental methods,combined with FHH fractal theory model,the microscopic pore structure characteristics of different types of shale of Ordovician Wulalike Formation in western Ordos Basin were characterized. The results show that:(1)The study area has complex mineral composition,relatively stable clay mineral content,high brittle mineral content and wide variation range. It can be divided into three types of lithofacies,including siliceous shale lithofacies,mixed shale lithofacies and calcareous shale lithofacies from bottom to top.(2)The overall porosity of the study area is low,mainly ranging from 0.16% to 1.50%,with an average of 1.20%. Microfracture development results in a small amount of porosity greater than 4.00%. Siliceous shale has the highest porosity,calcareous shale has the lowest porosity,and mixed shale has the porosity between them. The pore types are complex and closely related to lithofacies. The calcareous shale is compact as a whole,dominated by intercrystalline pores and dissolved pores,and mainly slit pores. The pores of siliceous shale are relatively developed,which are mostly intergranular pores,interlayer fractures and microfractures of clay minerals. The open pores are mainly flat,and inkbottle shaped amorphous pores are occasionally seen.(3)The pore structure in the study area can be divided into three types. TypeⅠis mainly composed of 2-4 nm mesopores,with large pore volume and well-developed mesopores,which are common in siliceous shale. Type Ⅱ is dominated by 0-4 nm micropores and mesopores,with less macro-pores,which are common in siliceous shales and mixed rocks. Type Ⅲ is dominated by 50-100 nm macropores,but small in size,which are common in calcareous shale.(4)The microscopic pore structure of shale in the study area has obvious fractal characteristics,complex internal structure and strong heterogeneity. The higher the TOC,clay minerals and quartz content,the more complex the pore structure and pore surface.(5)The siliceous shale reservoir in the study area has the best pore structure and is rich in organic matter,which is the most favorable exploration target.

Key words: pore structure, fractal dimension, adsorption hysteresis loop, nitrogen adsorption method, shale lithofacies, Wulalike Formation, Ordovician, Ordos Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE132.2
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