Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 70-82.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250507

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles    

Origin of overpressure and natural gas accumulation characteristics of Miocene Meishan Formation in the deepwater area，Qiongdongnan Basin

LIU Haiyu, HU Lin, LIU Bing, TUO Lei, LI Hu, JIANG Rufeng, WU Shijiu   

  1. Hainan Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Haikou 570100, China
  • Received:2025-03-10 Revised:2025-05-08 Published:2025-09-06

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Abstract: Comprehensively utilizing overpressure logging response characteristics，basin numerical simulation， fluid inclusion analysis，drilled core observation，and thin section identification，combined with the analysis of geological conditions for natural gas accumulation，the overpressure characteristics and genesis mechanism of Miocene Meishan Formation gas reservoir in Ledong-Lingshui Sag of the deep water area in Qiongdongnan Basin were analyzed. The coupling relationship between reservoir strong overpressure formation and natural gas accumulation process was explored，and the reservoir formation mode was clarified. The results show that： （1）The pressure of Meishan Formation in Ledong-Lingshui Sag ranges from 49.74 to 95.76 MPa，with a pressure coefficient of 1.37-2.09，which is overpressure-strong overpressure. The pressure structure of a single well shows a typical double-layer overpressure structure. In the early stage，overpressure was mainly controlled by un‐dercompaction，while in the late stage，it was jointly controlled by hydrocarbon fluid pressurization and undercompaction.（2）Natural gas in the study area is jointly sourced by Oligocene and Miocene source rocks，with three stages of oil and gas charging. The first stage（6.0 Ma）was liquid hydrocarbon charging，the second stage （2.7 Ma）was hydrocarbon gas charging，and the peak period of reservoir formation was 1.9-1.0 Ma. The third stage（1.8-1.2 Ma）was CO2 charging.（3）The strong overpressure in Meishan Formation reservoir in the study area is closely related to the process of natural gas migration and accumulation. Overpressure provides a key driving force for oil and gas migration，which is conducive to the formation of pressure relief channels，such as fractures and microcracks. The multi-stage injection of hydrocarbon containing acidic fluids leads to organic acid dissolution and transformation，effectively promoting the development of secondary dissolution pores. Late overpressure has a positive impact on the preservation of reservoir pores. Meishan Formation natural gas reservoir has the characteristics of“multi-source hydrocarbon supply-overpressure drive-vertical fracture transport-multistage filling-large sand body aggregation-preferential enrichment of near source overpressure dissolution type reservoirs”

Key words: paleo-pressure evolution, abnormal high pressure, undercompaction overpressure, overpressure during oil and gas filling, multi-source hydrocarbon supply, Meishan Formation, Miocene, Ledong-Lingshui Sag, Qiongdongnan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.1
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