三塘湖盆地侏罗系低煤阶煤层气成藏特征及勘探潜力

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20260414

Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 157-169.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260414

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles Next Articles

Accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of Jurassic low-rank coalbed methane in Santanghu Basin

WANG Jingguo¹(), ZHAO Zhengwei¹, QIN Dapeng¹, GAO Lei¹, BAI Shuai¹, PAN Xiaofei¹, AN Qing¹, XIAO Fuqiang¹^,²^,³()

¹ Coalfield Geological Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Geological Bureau， Urumqi 830009， China
² Jiangxi Coalfield Geological Survey Institute， Nanchang 330001， China
³ Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Critical Mineral Resources Exploration and Development， Nanchang 330001， China

Received:2026-02-04 Revised:2026-03-19 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-06
Contact: XIAO Fuqiang E-mail:293519756@qq.com;xiaofq1218@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

Jurassic low-rank coalbed methane resources are rich in Santanghu Basin. Based on drilling data and coal rocks experimental analysis data， development characteristics of Jurassic coal seam and geological conditions for coalbed methane accumulation were systematically analyzed. Coalbed methane accumulation models and resource potential were clarified， and favorable exploration areas were predicted. The results show that：（1） Two sets of coal-bearing strata， Badaowan Formation and Xishanyao Formation， are developed in Jurassic of Santanghu Basin. Thick coal seams are mainly developed in coal accumulation centers such as Hanshuiquan Sag， Shitoumei Uplift， Tiaohu Sag， Malang Sag and Naomaohu Sag. Coal rocks are mainly primary structure, and organic components of coal rocks are mainly vitrinite， followed by inertinite. The maximum vitrinite reflectance is 0.22%-0.77%， which belongs to low-rank lignite and long flame coal. （2） Coal rock reservoirs have good physical pro-perties and belong to medium porosity and low-medium permeability reservoir， mainly develop mesopores， with pore size ranging from 3 nm to 10 nm. （3） The mass volume of coal methane in the study area is 0.11-7.68 m³/t， and gas components are mainly N₂， CO₂ and CH₄. Among them， the content of CH₄ is the highest， with a volume fraction of 85.50%-91.24%. Gas-bearing conditions of coal rock in Malang Sag and Naomaohu Sag are the best. （4） There are four types of top and bottom plate assemblages in the study area， including type of mudstone at top and bottom， type of mudstone at top and sandstone at bottom， type of sandstone at top and mudstone at bottom， type of sandstone at top and bottom. The type of mudstone at top and bottom has the best sealing performance for coalbed methane. Coalbed methane enrichment and accumulation models include sag retention enrichment and accumulation model， reverse fault lithology plugging accumulation model and uplift runoff dissipation model. （5） Coalbed methane resources in the study area are 4 750×10⁸ m³， with an average resource abundance of 0.80×10⁸ m³/km². Deep parts of Tiaohu Sag， Malang Sag and Naomaohu Sag are Class Ⅰ favorable areas for coalbed methane exploration.

Key words: coalbed methane, low-rank lignite, long flame coal, sag retention type, lithology plugging type, runoff dissipation type, Badaowan Formation, Xishanyao Formation, Jurassic, Santanghu Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.2

WANG Jingguo, ZHAO Zhengwei, QIN Dapeng, GAO Lei, BAI Shuai, PAN Xiaofei, AN Qing, XIAO Fuqiang. Accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of Jurassic low-rank coalbed methane in Santanghu Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(4): 157-169.

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TRENDMD:

构造单元	ϕ（显微组分）				w（工业组分）			R_{o max}
构造单元	镜质组	惰质组	壳质组	无机物	水分	灰分	挥发分	R_{o max}
库木苏凹陷	29.33~89.21/ 78.82	4.35~57.97/ 13.65	0.09~1.41/ 0.48	5.50~23.95/ 7.05	2.98~3.35/ 3.23	13.97~16.90/ 15.38	43.72~50.21/ 45.78	0.44~0.65/ 0.52
汉水泉凹陷	0.06~79.97/74.65	8.30~46.69/ 14.21	0~2.66/ 0.38	8.97~27.43/10.76	2.84~4.06/ 3.76	10.73~17.12/14.58	46.25~49.12/47.69	0.22~0.77/ 0.53
石头梅凸起	16.27~64.56/54.48	3.40~76.73/ 31.10	0~1.45/ 0.33	7.30~31.25/14.09	3.91~4.42/ 4.28	9.35~15.48/ 12.86	32.53~36.29/34.57	0.48~0.70/ 0.58
条湖凹陷	37.26~65.89/55.23	21.12~50.40/32.42	0~0.84/ 0.28	9.44~17.06/12.07	4.26~5.43/ 4.69	11.83~16.71/13.41	40.82~45.46/43.22	0.47~0.77/ 0.55
岔哈泉凸起	48.99~61.38/58.44	21.35~37.92/29.85	0~0.82/ 0.30	8.64~16.86/11.41	2.86~6.45/ 4.47	9.40~19.53/ 15.62	45.30~52.19/47.18	0.59~0.66/ 0.62
马朗凹陷	27.88~46.98/43.19	41.75~63.22/46.76	0~2.12/ 0.42	6.48~13.36/ 9.63	1.88~4.12/ 3.53	11.45~17.43/14.73	35.23~47.15/45.86	0.35~0.52/ 0.40
淖毛湖凹陷	42.37~76.18/72.78	14.86~56.35/19.94	0~1.20/ 0.65	4.60~9.80/ 6.63	1.76~7.00/ 4.16	12.72~22.39/16.16	33.96~42.71/40.34	0.29~0.45/ 0.37

构造单元	主裂隙				次裂隙				连通性	裂隙发育程度
构造单元	长度/cm	高度/cm	宽度/μm	密度/ （条·cm^-1）	长度/cm	高度/cm	宽度/μm	密度/ （条·cm^-1）	连通性	裂隙发育程度
汉水泉凹陷	0.03~0.70/0.20	0.02~0.55/0.15	1~75/10	15.0	0.01~0.55/0.15	0.03~0.50/0.10	1~10/5	6.0	中	发育
石头梅凸起	0.01~1.45/0.30	0.01~0.64/0.15	1~55/5	3.1	0.01~1.41/0.25	0.01~0.64/0.15	1~19/2	2.0	差	不发育
条湖凹陷	0.01~2.30/0.30	0.01~1.30/0.23	1~20/4	8.0	0.01~1.50/0.20	0.01~0.80/0.13	1~6/3	4.2	差	较发育
马朗凹陷	0.05~2.10/0.20	0.03~1.00/0.15	1~35/10	13.9	0.01~0.80/0.15	0.03~2.70/0.10	1~14/5	5.0	中	发育
淖毛湖凹陷	0.01~1.80/0.25	0.01~1.40/0.21	1~70/9	12.3	0.01~1.20/0.17	0.01~1.50/0.26	1~11/3	5.4	中	发育

构造单元	取样井	ϕ（煤层气成分）/%				v（CH₄）/ （m³·t^-1）
构造单元	取样井	N₂	CO₂	CH₄	C₂₊	v（CH₄）/ （m³·t^-1）
汉水泉凹陷	STC-1、STC-2、STC-3、 STC-4、STC-6、STC-7	1.21~20.95/9.95	1.28~11.68/4.36	72.09~95.36/86.44	0~0.48/0.05	0.11~7.32/2.38
石头梅凸起	STC-8	5.09~15.46/12.50	0.90~2.30/1.52	80.90~91.57/85.50	0.31~0.71/0.48	1.30~2.67/1.68
条湖凹陷	STC-9	5.43~12.55/8.79	1.20~2.84/2.13	84.92~90.89/88.61	0.21~0.84/0.48	1.47~2.05/1.66
马朗凹陷	STC-10	2.34~8.89/6.86	0.88~5.68/3.02	83.04~92.08/89.36	0.04~1.52/0.76	3.46~7.27/5.33
淖毛湖凹陷	STC-11、STC-12	1.67~6.56/3.76	1.85~3.69/2.79	86.44~94.81/91.24	0.07~3.22/2.21	3.58~7.68/6.06

指标参数	资源条件			储集条件				保存条件
指标参数	单煤层厚度/m	v（含气）/（m³·t^-1）	资源丰度/（m³·km^-2）	孔隙度/%	渗透率/mD	裂隙发育程度	煤层埋深/m	顶底板岩性	构造位置	水动力
Ⅰ类有利区	>10	>4	>1.2	>10	> 2.0	发育	>1 500	泥岩	向斜轴部	弱
Ⅱ类有利区	5~10	2~4	0.8~1.2	6~10	0.5~2.0	较发育	800~1 500	砂质泥岩	斜坡带	较强

Accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of Jurassic low-rank coalbed methane in Santanghu Basin

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