Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 79-93.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260307

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Shale reservoir characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin

ZHENG Majia1(), LIU Yong2, WU Ya1, CHEN Junyu1, CHEN Ying1, ZHONG Ziyue3, ZHAN Lin3, FAN Cunhui3   

  1. 1 Petroleum Development Division， PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company， Chengdu 610051， China
    2 Field Development Management Department, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu 610056, China
    3 School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Revised:2025-12-08 Online:2026-05-01 Published:2026-03-18

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Abstract:

The shale gas of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin exhibits significant exploration potential. Based on well logging, master logging and seismic data, combined with experimental methods such as thin-section observation, physical property testing, and scanning electron microscopy, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on its reservoir characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. The results show that: （1） The shale of Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin can be classified into black organic-rich shale and gray silty shale. Pores are dominated by inorganic pores (macropores), supplemented by organic pores. Fractures are mainly high-angle shear fractures and tensile fractures filled with calcite and bitumen, along with developed bedding micro-fractures and minor intergranular fractures. The brittle mineral content in the reservoir is high, with mass fraction ranging from 62.9% to 86.5%, averaging 72.0%. The reservoir quality within the rift trough is superior to that outside the trough. （2） The paleotectonic sedimentary framework of“rift trough and paleouplift” in the study area controls the macroscopic distribution of the reservoir. High-quality reservoirs developed in the deep-water shelf facies within the rift trough. Shale with high TOC content and Type-I kerogen in the trough provide gas sources for shale gas reservoirs. High porosity and high brittleness are conducive to gas storage and reservoir transformation. Fracture networks serve as key seepage pathways for gas migration and enrichment. （3） Favorable exploration targets for shale gas in Qiongzhusi Formation of the study area are overlaped zones of trough and uplift (Class I), with large reservoir thickness, high abundance and thermal evolution degree organic matter, relatively good physical properties, and high gas abundance. Followed by areas within the trough outside the overlaped zone (Class Ⅱ), and areas over the paleo-uplift outside the overlaped zone (Class Ⅲ).

Key words: shale gas, reservoir characteristics, accumulation condition, overlaped zone of trough and uplift, paleouplift, rift trough, Qiongzhusi Formation, Cambrian, Ziyang area, southwestern Sichuan Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122

Fig. 1

Structural background-sedimentary pattern and comprehensive stratigraphic column of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its periphery"

Fig. 2

Cores and microphotos of organic-rich shale and silty shale of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation，southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 3

Space types of shale reservoirs in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 4

Surface porosity proportion of different shale reservoirs in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation，southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 5

Fracture development features of shale reservoirs in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 6

Statistics of fracture parameters of shale reservoirs in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation，southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 7

Core fracture density well-tie profiles of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation at different tectonic positions，southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 8

Comparison of porosity and brittle mineral content of shale from different regions and smalllayers of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 9

Comparison of gas content of shale from different regions and small layers of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 10

Distribution features of faults of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 11

Histogram of TOC distribution of shale in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 12

Correlation of porosity with organic matter and mineral contents of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation, southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Fig. 13

Comparison of shale gas enrichment patterns between Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation, southwestern Sichuan Basin"

Table 1

Parameters of favorable exploration areas in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin"

有利区
类型		 区域位置 划分标准 面积/
km2
储层
厚度/m		 TOC/% Ro/% 孔隙度/% v(含气）/（m3·t-1） 压力
系数		 裂缝发育
情况		 埋深/m w（脆性
矿物）/%
Ⅰ类 槽-隆叠合区 > 30 > 4.0 2.0~3.5 > 6.00 > 4.0 > 1.60 距裂缝发育区较远，
仅发育少量微裂缝
和宏观裂缝		 4 500~
5 500		 > 40.0 4 090
Ⅱ类 裂陷槽内部（叠合区外） 10~30 2.0~4.0 1.6~2.0 4.00~6.00 2.0~4.0 1.15~1.60 距裂缝发育区相对较远，发育少量宏观裂缝 3 500~
4 500		 30.0~40.0 2 700
Ⅲ类 古隆起之上（叠合区外） 5~10 1.0~2.0 1.0~1.6 3.00~4.00 1.0~2.0 0.95~1.15 距裂缝发育区较近，
发育大量宏观裂缝		 < 3 500 25.0~30.0 1 910

Fig. 14

Optimal selection of favorable exploration areas of Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southwestern Sichuan Basin"

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