地震沉积学在塔里木盆地古城地区下寒武统沉积结构与储层预测中的应用

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250214

Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 153-165.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250214

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles

Application of seismic sedimentology in predicting the Lower Cambrian sedimentary structure and reservoir rocks in Gucheng area, Tarim Basin

XU Zhaohui¹, ZENG Hongliu², HU Suyun¹, ZHANG Junlong³, LIU Wei¹, ZHOU Hongying¹, MA Debo¹, FU Qilong²

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78713, USA;
3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2023-12-01 Revised:2024-03-26 Published:2025-03-06

Abstract

Abstract: Well Luntan-1 revealed huge hydrocarbon potential in Lower Cambrian deep dolostone reservoir in Tarim Basin. Gucheng area is located in the same platform margin with Well Luntan-1 during the Early Cambrian. Two branches of seismic sedimentology，i.e.，seismic geomorphology and seismic lithology were used to study the sedimentary characteristics of Lower Cambrian in Gucheng area. Techniques of phase rotation，frequency decomposition by wavelet，wheeler-domain transformation，stratal slicing，and RGB fusion were integrated into a seismic geomorphologic（model driven）workflow to qualitatively restore sedimentary facies. Techniques of phase rotation，frequency decomposition by wavelet，seismic attribute extraction，principal component analysis，and random fitting were combined into a seismic lithologic（data driven）workflow to quantitatively predict reservoir distribution. The results show that：（1）The inner ramp，middle ramp，and outer ramp to basin from west to east in Gucheng area consist of an integral series of sedimentary facies of Lower Cambrian in Gucheng area of Tarim Basin. Three sets（six periods）of reef-shoal systems were interpreted in the middle ramp. The second set was modified by later tidal-channels，resulting in a tidal-channel modified carbonate grainstone shoal. Strata are homogenous in the channels while heterogeneous in the inter-channel areas，which leads to higher seismic frequency.（2）Line-sourced slope fans in the proximal-end of outer ramp and point-sourced basinfloor fans in the distal-end of outer ramp to basin were recognized in the study area. Sediment materials sourced from the reef-shoal system in the middle ramp were transported to the slop fans and basin-floor fans through canyons related to synsedimentary strike-slip faults conducted.（3）Reservoirs are abundant in the middle ramp，minor in the outer ramp to basin，and rare in the inner ramp in this area. The reservoir rocks are thick at the slope fans and the basin-floor fans in the outer ramp to basin area，as well as at inter-channel karstified grainstone shoals and channel-mouth tidal delta in the middle ramp area.

Key words: seismic sedimentology, seismic geomorphology, seismic lithology, tidal-channel, grainstone shoal, line-sourced slope fan, point-sourced basin-floor fan, Lower Cambrian, Gucheng area, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE122

XU Zhaohui, ZENG Hongliu, HU Suyun, ZHANG Junlong, LIU Wei, ZHOU Hongying, MA Debo, FU Qilong. Application of seismic sedimentology in predicting the Lower Cambrian sedimentary structure and reservoir rocks in Gucheng area, Tarim Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(2): 153-165.

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