川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组沉积期古地貌恢复及地质意义

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20260412

Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 137-147.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260412

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles Next Articles

Restoration and geological implications of paleogeomorphology during the depositional period of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

YANG Weiqiang¹^,²(), LI Zhongchao³, ZHANG Jixi¹, WANG Yi¹, ZHAO Zhen¹

¹ Exploration and Development Research Institute, Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China
² Key Laboratory of High Acid Gas Field Development, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China
³ Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China

Received:2025-12-11 Revised:2026-01-20 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-06

Abstract

Abstract:

Paleogeomorphologic framework exerts significant control on the spatial distribution of facies-controlled carbonate reservoirs. Based on geophysical data such as core thin sections, conventional logging data, the original thickness of individual wells in Triassic Feixianguan Formation was restored in Puguang area through analysis of differential compaction and pressure dissolution of lithofacies. Combined with 3D seismic data, the paleogeomorphology was reconstructed, and the structural subsidence of individual wells was identified using the INPEFA curve. The decompaction and pressure dissolution restoration results were integrated to further refine the paleogeomorphology during the depositional period. Research results show that: （1） Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area develop seven major rock types, including granular dolomite, micritic-granular dolomite, crystalline dolomite, micritic dolomite, granular limestone, micritic-granular limestone, and micritic limestone. Based on compaction recovery coefficients and pressure dissolution recovery coefficients, decompaction coefficients of different lithofacies were calculated. Granular dolomite exhibits the smallest decompaction coef-ficient of 1.25, indicating little change between its present-day thickness and original sedimentary thickness, whereas micritic limestone exhibits a relatively large decompaction coefficient of 3.09, with its present-day thickness differing by more than two times from the original thickness. （2） The identification of tectonic subsidence using the INPEFA method is a single-well sequence identification technique based on GR curve trend spectrum analysis. Combined with Walther’s law, the key mechanism of this method for identifying tectonic subsidence was clarified, and the INPEFA mean value of 0.5 was used as the threshold to distinguish normal sedimentary areas and tectonic subsidence areas. （3） The distribution of shoal deposits is controlled by paleogeomorphology and tectonic subsidence. In tectonic stable areas, shoal deposits are concentrated in high parts of the paleogeomorphology; whereas in tectonic active areas, shoal deposits develop in regions with positive paleogeomorphology and the INPEFA mean value of less than 0.5. （4） The accuracy of paleogeomorphology restored through decompaction, pressure dissolution, and tectonic subsidence analysis has been significantly improved, which can effectively identify and eliminate spurious topographic highs caused by differential subsidence, thus more clearly revealing controlling effects of paleogeomorphology on the development of high-quality reservoirs.

Key words: paleogeomorphology reconstruction, decompaction and pressure dissolution, INPEFA curve, tectonic subsidence, shoal facies, Feixianguan Formation, Triassic, Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122

YANG Weiqiang, LI Zhongchao, ZHANG Jixi, WANG Yi, ZHAO Zhen. Restoration and geological implications of paleogeomorphology during the depositional period of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(4): 137-147.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

References 41

[1]	SADOONI F N. The nature and origin of Upper Cretaceous basin-margin rudist buildups of the Mesopotamian Basin,southern Iraq,with consideration of possible hydrocarbon stratigraphic entrapment[J]. Cretaceous Research, 2005, 26(2):213-224.
[2]	熊加贝, 何登发. 全球碳酸盐岩地层-岩性大油气田分布特征及其控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(1):187-200.
	XIONG Jiabei, HE Dengfa. Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of global giant carbonate stratigraphic-lithologic oil and gas fields[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022, 34(1):187-200.
[3]	MOORE C H. Carbonate reservoirs:Porosity,evolution and diage-nesis in a sequence stratigraphic framework (Developments in Sedimentology Book 55)[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science,2001:292-293.
[4]	李珊珊, 姜鹏飞, 刘磊, 等. 四川盆地高磨地区寒武系沧浪铺组碳酸盐岩颗粒滩地震响应特征及展布规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(4):22-31.
	LI Shanshan, JIANG Pengfei, LIU Lei, et al. Seismic response characteristics and distribution law of carbonate shoals of Cambrian Canglangpu Formation in Gaoshiti-Moxi area,Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022, 34(4):22-31.
[5]	邢倩, 李杨凡, 李翔, 等. 川北米仓山地区寒武系仙女洞组碳酸盐岩储集特征及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2025, 37(4):50-62.
	XING Qian, LI Yangfan, LI Xiang, et al. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate rock of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in Micangshan area,northern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(4):50-62.
[6]	杜江民, 刘泊远, 张毅, 等. 中国典型白云岩储集层特征及成藏模式[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(3):86-98.
	DU Jiangmin, LIU Boyuan, ZHANG Yi, et al. Characteristics and accumulation model of typical dolomite reservoirs in China[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(3):86-98.
[7]	李勇, 张亚, 周刚, 等. 四川盆地蓬莱气田寒武系龙王庙组优质储层特征及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2025, 37(6):35-47.
	LI Yong, ZHANG Ya, ZHOU Gang, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of high-quality reservoirs in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of Penglai Gasfield,Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6):35-47.
[8]	MARTIN R. Paleogeomorphology and its application to exploration for oil and gas (with examples from western Canada)[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1966, 50(10):2277-2311.
[9]	赵俊兴, 陈洪德, 向芳. 高分辨率层序地层学方法在沉积前古地貌恢复中的应用[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 30(1):76-81.
	ZHAO Junxing, CHEN Hongde, XIANG Fang. The possibility of rebuilding paleogeomorphology before basin deposition by high-resolution sequence stratigraphy[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition), 2003, 30(1):76-81.
[10]	曾洪流, 赵文智, 徐兆辉, 等. 地震沉积学在碳酸盐岩中的应用:以四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区寒武系龙王庙组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(5):775-784.
	ZENG Hongliu, ZHAO Wenzhi, XU Zhaohui, et al. Carbonate seismic sedimentology:A case study of Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Gaoshiti-Moxi area,Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(5):775-784.
[11]	ANDREWS L M, RAILSBACK L B. Controls on stylolite development:Morphologic,lithologic,and temporal evidence from bedding-parallel and transverse stylolites from the U.S. Appalachians[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1997, 105(1):59-73.
[12]	HUMPHREY E, GOMEZ-RIVAS E, NEILSON J, et al. Quantitative analysis of stylolite networks in different platform carbonate facies[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020, 114:104203.
[13]	ZHOU Ling, WANG Guangwei, HAO Fang, et al. The quantitative characterization of stylolites in the limestone reservoirs of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation,northeastern Sichuan Basin:Insights to the influence of pressure solution on the quality of carbonate reservoirs[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2022, 139:105612.
[14]	YANG Weiqiang, ZOU Huayao, LI Ting, et al. Factors influen-cing stylolite formation in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2022, 218:110946.
[15]	杨伟强. 四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩储层形成机理与发育模式[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2022.
	YANG Weiqiang. Formation mechanism and development model of the Longwangmiao Formation carbonate shoal reservoir in the Sichuan Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 2022.
[16]	TINKER S W. Building the 3-D jigsaw puzzle:Applications of sequence stratigraphy to 3-D reservoir characterization,Permian Basin[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1996, 80(4):460-484.
[17]	HEYDARI E. Porosity loss,fluid flow,and mass transfer in limestone reservoirs:Application to the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation,Mississippi[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2000, 84(1):100-118.
[18]	HILLGÄRTNER H, STRASSER A. Quantification of high-frequency sea-level fluctuations in shallow-water carbonates:An example from the Berriasian-Valanginian (French Jura)[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology, 2003, 200(1/2/3/4):43-63.
[19]	KOEHN D, ROOD M P, BEAUDOIN N, et al. A new stylolite classification scheme to estimate compaction and local permeability variations[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2016, 346:60-71.
[20]	GUNDERSEN E, RENARD F, DYSTHE D K, et al. Coupling between pressure solution creep and diffusive mass transport in porous rocks[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2002, 107(B11):1-19.
[21]	马永生. 四川盆地普光超大型气田的形成机制[J]. 石油学报, 2007, 28(2):9-14.
	MA Yongsheng. Generation mechanism of Puguang Gas Field in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2007, 28(2):9-14.
[22]	李中超, 孙利, 王峻, 等. 普光地区飞仙关组储层主控因素分析[J]. 中国矿业, 2013, 22(2):53-56.
	LI Zhongchao, SUN Li, WANG Jun, et al. Analysis of reservoir dominated factors in Feixianguan Formation of Puguang area[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2013, 22(2):53-56.
[23]	高平, 李双建, 何治亮, 等. 四川盆地广元—梁平古裂陷构造-沉积演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4):784-799.
	GAO Ping, LI Shuangjian, HE Zhiliang, et al. Tectonic-sedi-mentary evolution of Guangyuan-Liangping paleo-rift in Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4):784-799.
[24]	姚倩颖, 刘一锋, 江青春, 等. 川北—川东地区中二叠世晚期地层划分新认识及地质意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(2):276-287.
	YAO Qianying, LIU Yifeng, JIANG Qingchun, et al. Geological significance of late Mid-Permian stratigraphy in northern and eastern Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(2):276-287.
[25]	李中超, 宿亚仙, 姜淑霞, 等. 普光气田高含硫气田提高采收率关键技术进展及应用[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2026, 47(1):228-240.
	LI Zhongchao, SU Yaxian, JIANG Shuxia, et al. Advances and application of key techniques for enhanced recovery of the Puguang sour gas field[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2026, 47(1):228-240.
[26]	任杰. 碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层常规测井评价方法[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2020, 32(6):129-137.
	REN Jie. Conventional logging evaluation method for carbonate fractured reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2020, 32(6):129-137.
[27]	宿亚仙. 普光地区飞仙关组颗粒滩储层发育分布规律及控制因素[J]. 断块油气田, 2023, 30(3):396-404.
	SU Yaxian. Development and distribution of grain shoal reservoir of the Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area and controlling factors[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2023, 30(3):396-404.
[28]	TAN Xiucheng, LIU Hong, LI Ling, et al. Primary intergranular pores in oolitic shoal reservoir of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation,Sichuan Basin,Southwest China:Fundamental for reservoir formation and retention diagenesis[J]. Journal of Earth Science, 2011, 22(1):101-114.
[29]	李阳, 王兴志, 蒲柏宇, 等. 四川盆地开江—梁平海槽东侧三叠系飞仙关组鲕滩沉积特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2021, 34(2):116-130.
	LI Yang, WANG Xingzhi, PU Baiyu, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of oolitic beach of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in eastern Kaijiang-Liangping trough,Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2021, 34(2):116-130.
[30]	文雯, 杨西燕, 向曼, 等. 四川盆地开江—梁平海槽东侧三叠系飞仙关组鲕滩储层特征及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(2):68-79.
	WEN Wen, YANG Xiyan, XIANG Man, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of oolitic shoal reservoirs of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in eastern Kaijiang-Liangping trough,Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(2):68-79.
[31]	杨伟强, 吕立爽, 周艳娜, 等. 普光地区飞仙关组台缘滩储层发育机理与差异分布规律[J]. 断块油气田, 2023, 30(6):954-962.
	YANG Weiqiang, LYU Lishuang, ZHOU Yanna, et al. Development mechanism and differential distribution of platform margin shoal reservoirs of the Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2023, 30(6):954-962.
[32]	李国蓉, 武恒志, 叶斌, 等. 元坝地区长兴组储层溶蚀作用期次与机制研究[J]. 岩石学报, 2014, 30(3):709-717.
	LI Guorong, WU Hengzhi, YE Bin, et al. Stages and mechanism of dissolution in Changhsing reservoir,Yuanba area[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2014, 30(3):709-717.
[33]	厚东琳. 白云石化对储层发育的控制作用:以普光、元坝气田飞仙关组为例[J]. 断块油气田, 2019, 26(4):449-452.
	HOU Donglin. Control effect of dolomitization on reservoir development:Taking Feixianguan Formation in Puguang and Yuan-ba gas fields for example[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2019, 26(4):449-452.
[34]	WANG Guangwei, LI Pingping, HAO Fang, et al. Impact of sedimentology,diagenesis,and solid bitumen on the development of a tight gas grainstone reservoir in the Feixianguan Formation,Jiannan area,China:Implications for gas exploration in tight carbonate reservoirs[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015, 64:250-265.
[35]	黄长兵, 黄泽贵, 王小飞, 等. 普光气田飞仙关组三段微生物碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2021, 40(1):17-25.
	HUANG Changbing, HUANG Zegui, WANG Xiaofei, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of the microbial carbonate reservoirs in the 3rd member of Feixianguan Formation in Puguang gas field[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2021, 40(1):17-25.
[36]	杨雨, 谢继容, 文龙, 等. 四川盆地东北部飞仙关组台缘早期鲕滩带的发现及宣探1井天然气勘探突破意义[J]. 天然气工业, 2023, 43(9):1-13.
	YANG Yu, XIE Jirong, WEN Long, et al. Discovery of early platform-margin oolitic shoal zone of Feixianguan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin and natural gas exploration breakthrough in Well Xuantan 1[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2023, 43(9):1-13.
[37]	魏魁生, 徐怀大, 叶淑芬. 四川盆地层序地层特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1997, 18(2):71-77.
	WEI Kuisheng, XU Huaida, YE Shufen. Sequence stratigraphic characteristics of Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1997, 18(2):71-77.
[38]	JONG M, SMITH D, NIO S D, et al. Subsurface correlation of the Triassic of the UK southern Central Graben:New look at an old problem[J]. First Break, 2006, 24(6):103-109.
[39]	路顺行, 张红贞, 孟恩, 等. 运用INPEFA技术开展层序地层研究[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2007, 42(6):703-708.
	LU Shunxing, ZHANG Hongzhen, MENG En, et al. Application of INPEFA technique to carry out sequence-stratigraphic study[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2007, 42(6):703-708.
[40]	LI Pingping, ZOU Huayao, ZHANG Yuanchun, et al. Paleo-oil-water contact and present-day gas-water contact:Implication for evolution history of Puguang gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Journal of Earth Science, 2008, 19(6):715-725.
[41]	陈启林, 张小军, 黄成刚, 等. 柴达木盆地英西地区渐新统硫酸盐硫同位素组成及其地质意义[J]. 地质论评, 2019, 65(3):558-572.
	CHEN Qilin, ZHANG Xiaojun, HUANG Chenggang, et al. Sulfur isotopic composition of sulphate in Oligocene Series in Yingxi area,Qaidam Basin,and its geological significance[J]. Geological Review, 2019, 65(3):558-572.

Related Articles 15

[1]	ZHANG Yuqing, ZHAO Zhongxiang, WANG Wei, HE Youbin, LUO Jinxiong, HU Mingyi, YANG Xingyu, WU Lianhua. Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of carbonate-evaporite rocks in Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(4): 101-114.
[2]	XU Zhongfan, DING Xiong, YIN Hong, TIAN Yunying, SONG Yi, YANG Xiran. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Shuangyushi area, northwestern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(3): 107-119.
[3]	REN Jiawei, LI Li, WANG Deyu, BAI Xiaohu, KANG Bo, BAI Yuen, BAI Jianwen, CHEN Junbin. Four-dimensional in-situ stress evolution and optimization method for refracturing timing in shale oil reservoir horizontal wells： A case study of Triassic Chang 7 member in Qingcheng Oilfield, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(3): 190-200.
[4]	ZHOU Kai, QI Renli, XU Wenli, YIN Qing, GAO Lu, LI Shuangshuang, HUANG Qinyang, QUAN Hao. Reservoir development characteristics and main controlling factors of the second member of Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Puguang area, Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(3): 67-78.
[5]	XUE Bowen, ZHANG Zhaohui, ZHANG Jiaosheng, ZOU Jiandong, ZHANG Wenting. Intelligent identification of fluid logging in tight sandstone reservoirs based on GWO-XGBoost model: A case study of Triassic Chang 8 member in Hongde area, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 111-121.
[6]	LI Tao, MA Guofu, ZHAO Leyi, YUAN Li, MA Qilin, XIE Jingyu, ZHANG Bo, LI Henan. Characteristics and oil-source correlation of Triassic Chang 7 member source rocks in Huanxian area, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 134-144.
[7]	GU Wen, CHEN Hui, ZHU Yadong, WU Furong, ZHAO Zhou, WANG Shuyan, WANG Wei. Main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration directions of the second member of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 56-64.
[8]	LONG Liwen, XIAO Wenhua, YAN Baonian, WANG Jianguo, LI Shaoyong, LI Conglin, GUO Yaoxuan, REN Xueyao. Main controlling factors for hydrocarbon accumulation of Triassic Chang 8₁reservoir in Huanxi area， Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 65-75.
[9]	ZHANG Hong, ZOU Niuniu, YIN Yuanyan, YE Zhilong. Sedimentary environment and hydrocarbon geological significance of Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mabei slope, Junggar Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 86-96.
[10]	GUO Yuxin, BAI Yubin, ZHAO Jingzhou, ZHANG Jun, CAO Dandan. Heterogeneity and oil control effects of Triassic Chang 7 shale in Zhidan area, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(2): 97-110.
[11]	JIANG Mengya, JIANG Zhongfa, LIU Longsong, WANG Jiangtao, CHEN Hailong, WANG Xueyong, LIU Hailei. Hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics and source of Triassic Baijiantan Formation in Dabasong uplift, Junggar Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 71-87.
[12]	SU Shuai, QU Hongjun, YIN Hu, ZHANG Leigang, YANG Xiaofeng. Fractal characteristics of pore throat structure and their influence on reservoir physical properties of tight sandstone reservoir: A case study of Triassic Chang 8 member in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 88-98.
[13]	MIAO Zhiwei, LI Shikai, ZHANG Wenjun, XIAO Wei, LIU Ming, YU Tong. Seismic prediction technology for complex network fractures in fault-fracture reservoir of tight sandstones: A case study of Triassic Xujiahe Formation in northern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 140-150.
[14]	LI Chunyang, WANG Boli, YAN Xiao, LI Kesai, DENG Hucheng, SU Jinyi, WU Yajun, YE Tairan. Current geostress logging evaluation of tight reservoir in the fourth member of Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area, northeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 151-161.
[15]	XIE Huiwen, ZHANG Liang, WANG Bin, LUO Haoyu, ZHANG Ke, ZHANG Guowei, LI Ling, SHEN Lin. Characteristics of Triassic paleostructure and their control on sedimentation in Kuqa Depression，Tarim Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(3): 13-22.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

TRENDMD:

岩性	压实恢复系数	压溶恢复系数	解压系数
颗粒灰岩	1.2	1.090	1.31
泥晶颗粒灰岩	1.5	1.127	1.69
泥晶灰岩	2.5	1.236	3.09
颗粒白云岩	1.2	1.038	1.25
泥晶颗粒白云岩	1.5	1.053	1.58
泥晶白云岩	2.5	1.084	2.71

Restoration and geological implications of paleogeomorphology during the depositional period of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)