岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 1–12.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250101

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

川东北地区二叠系吴家坪组二段页岩储层特征及有利区分布

罗冰1, 文华国2,3, 廖义沙4, 张兵5, 姚永君4, 温思宇3, 杨凯5   

  1. 1. 中石油西南油气田公司 勘探开发研究院, 成都 610400;
    2. 油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室, 成都理工大学, 成都 610059;
    3. 成都理工大学 沉积地质研究院, 成都 610059;
    4. 中国石油西南油气田公司 重庆气矿, 重庆 401147;
    5. 成都理工大学 地球物理学院, 成都 610059
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-08 修回日期:2024-05-26 出版日期:2025-01-01 发布日期:2025-01-04
  • 第一作者:罗冰（1982—），男，博士，高级工程师，主要从事油气地质及勘探部署方面的研究工作。地址：（610400）四川省成都市高新区天府大道北段12号。Email：lb2001@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“基于沉积成岩作用下的深层页岩岩石电学响应机理研究”（编号：42272184）和中国石油西南油气田公司重庆气矿委托项目“川东地区龙潭组页岩储层特征及有利区研究”（编号：20200304-16）联合资助。

Shale reservoirs characteristics and favorable areas distribution of the second member of Permian Wujiaping Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

LUO Bing1, WEN Huaguo2,3, LIAO Yisha4, ZHANG Bing5, YAO Yongjun4, WEN Siyu3, YANG Kai5   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610400, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
    3. Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
    4. Chongqing Gas Field of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chongqing 401147, China;
    5. College of Geophysics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
  • Received:2024-03-08 Revised:2024-05-26 Online:2025-01-01 Published:2025-01-04

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摘要： 四川盆地上二叠统吴家坪组海相页岩是页岩气勘探开发的热点层系。通过X射线衍射、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、有机地球化学、低温氮气吸附等分析，对川东北地区二叠系吴家坪组二段海相页岩的沉积相展布、储层及烃源岩特征进行了分析，明确了储层发育的主控因素，并对储层发育有利区进行了预测。研究结果表明：①川东北地区吴二段的沉积受海平面上升和裂陷发育的影响，主要为深水陆棚相，在达州—开江—万州—忠县一带沿北西—南东方向呈连通条带状展布。②研究区吴二段页岩储层中矿物组成复杂，脆性矿物含量较高，平均质量分数为67.9%；与四川盆地志留系龙马溪组页岩相似，研究区的石英具有生物成因特征而呈絮凝状，草莓状黄铁矿粒径均较小（小于6.0 μm），指示沉积水体为还原环境，有利于有机质的富集；页岩储层平均孔隙度为4.11%，孔隙类型包括有机质孔隙、粒内孔隙、粒间孔隙及微裂缝，孔隙结构以狭缝孔为主，中孔对孔体积的贡献率最大。③研究区吴二段烃源岩具有高TOC含量、高成熟度特征，TOC平均值为4.80%，Ro平均值为2.53%，达到过成熟阶段，干酪根类型主要为Ⅱ型，具有良好的生气潜力，基本达到Ⅰ类页岩气储层标准。④研究区吴二段储层主要受控于沉积环境和成岩改造作用，深水陆棚沉积环境有利于页岩储层的形成，石英的抗压保孔作用和有机质生烃作用是页岩储层形成的关键，石英含量、TOC含量和孔隙度均呈正相关关系；开江—梁平、万州地区为吴二段有利页岩储层分布区。

关键词: 页岩气, 深水陆棚相, 还原环境, 脆性矿物, 有机质孔隙, 吴家坪组二段, 上二叠统, 开江—梁平, 万州地区, 川东北地区

Abstract: The marine shale of the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation in Sichuan Basin is a hotspot for shale gas exploration and development. Based on X-ray diffraction，thin section identification，scanning electron microscopy，organic geochemistry，and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption，the distribution of sedimentary facies，characteristics of source rocks and reservoirs of the second member of Permian Wujiaping Formation （P2w2）shale in the northeastern Sichuan Basin were conducted. The main controlling factors of reservoir development were clarified，and distribution of favorable reservoir zones was also analysed. The results show that： （1）The deposition of the P2w2 in the northeastern Sichuan Basin is influenced by the rise of sea level and the development of rifts，and is dominated by deep-water shelf facies，displaying a banded distribution in the areas of Dazhou-Kaijing-Wanzhou-Zhongxian.（2）The mineral composition of the P2w2 shale in the study area is complex with a high content of brittle minerals（67.9%）. They are similar to the Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in Sichuan Basin，displaying biogenically influenced quartz with flocculated and framboids pyrite with small grains（< 6 μm），reflecting a reducing sedimentary water body conducive to the enrichment of organic matters. The average porosity of the P2w2 shale is 4.11%，with pore types including organic matter pores，intragranular pores，intergranular pores，and micro-fractures. The shale pore structure is dominated by mesopores，with a minor presence of micropores and macropores，where contribution rate of mesopore to pore volume is the largest. （3）The source rocks of P2w2 exhibit high TOC content and high maturity，with an average TOC content of 4.8% and an average Ro of 2.53%，reaching an over-mature stage，predominant type Ⅱ kerogen，indicating high hydrocarbon generation potential. It generally meets the criteria for a Class Ⅰ shale gas reservoirs.（4）P2w2 shale reservoir is mainly controlled by sedimentary environment and diagenetic transformation. The sedimentary environment of deep-water shelf is conducive to the formation of shale reservoirs. Quartz on resisting pressure and retaining pores，hydrocarbon generation from organic matterrs play a critical role in the formation of shale reservoirs. There is a positively correlated relationship between the quartz content，TOC content to porosity. It is considered that the Kaijiang-Liangping and Wanzhou areas should be favorable distribution areas for the P2w2 shale reservoirs.

Key words: shale gas, deep-water shelf facies, reducing environment, brittle minerals, organic matter pores, the second member of Wujiaping Formation, Upper Permian, Kaijiang-Liangping area, Wanzhou area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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