渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙四上亚段沉积演化特征及古地貌控砂模式

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250611

岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 119–130.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250611

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙四上亚段沉积演化特征及古地貌控砂模式

孙远锋¹, 曹爱锋¹, 周勇², 高晨曦², 王柯²

1. 中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 山东东营 257015;
2. 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院, 北京 102249

收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-05-03 发布日期:2025-11-07
第一作者:孙远锋（1981—），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事石油地质方面的科研工作。地址：（257100）山东省东营市东营区聊城路3号。Email：sunyuanfeng997.slyt@sinopec.com。
通信作者: 周勇(1984—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事层序地层学、沉积学及储层地质学方面的研究工作。Email:zhouyong@cup.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金：“咸化湖盆盐类物质对深层致密储层成岩流体演化及差异成岩响应的作用机制研究”（编号：42472178）资助。

Sedimentary evolution characteristics and paleogeomorphology-controlled sand distribution patterns of the upper Es4 sub-member of Paleogene in Linnan Subsag, Bohai Bay Basin

SUN Yuanfeng¹, CAO Aifeng¹, ZHOU Yong², GAO Chenxi², WANG Ke²

1. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying, 257015, Shandong, China;
2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China

Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-05-03 Published:2025-11-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综合利用岩心、测井、录井和地震资料，在层序地层格架建立的基础上，对渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙四上亚段沉积演化特征进行了分析，结合主要控洼断层活动性分析资料，阐明了不同类型古地貌对沉积体系和砂体分布规律的控制作用，建立了沙四上亚段2砂组沉积期构造-沉积耦合模式。研究结果表明：①临南洼陷沙四上亚段3 + 4砂组沉积期气候干旱，主要发育河流末端扇沉积体系；1 + 2砂组沉积期气候逐渐变湿润，由河流末端扇沉积向正常湖盆沉积演化，发育（扇）三角洲-滨浅湖滩坝体系。②研究区古地貌控制着沉积相和砂体的分布，可划分为帚状断裂、轴向断槽、梳状断裂、陡坡平行断阶4种古地貌，轴向断槽可作为输砂通道，控制着砂体沿断槽走向推进；梳状断裂、陡坡平行断阶、帚状断裂等同沉积断裂为砂体提供了较大的可容空间，控制着砂体的富集位置，是寻找砂岩油气藏的有利区带。③沙四上亚段沉积时期，在控洼断层夏口断层与临商断层的共同作用下，临南洼陷成为沉降中心，洼陷北部地区砂体的展布受帚状断裂的影响沿断槽向洼陷内迁移，西南部的轴向断槽作为重要的物源通道，促使砂体沿断槽向NE方向推进；江家店地区发育的扇三角洲在梳状断裂的控制下向前延伸，在断角底部发育一系列较厚的砂体；瓦屋地区陡坡平行断阶处发育的扇三角洲沉积垂直于边界断层走向，呈退积式展布，商河地区的砂体受到了沿岸流的影响形成了滩坝。

关键词: 古地貌, 帚状断裂, 轴向断槽, 梳状断裂, 陡坡平行断阶, 河流末端扇, 沙四上亚段, 古近系, 临南洼陷, 渤海湾盆地

Abstract: Based on the established sequence stratigraphic framework, the sedimentary evolution characteristics of the upper section of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation (Es4) in Linan Subsag of Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed through integrated utilization of core, well logging, mud logging, and seismic data. Combined with the activity analysis data of basin-controlling faults, the controlling effects of diverse paleogeomorphology on sedimentary systems and sandbody distribution were elucidated, and a tectono-sedimentary coupling model for the sedimentation period of sand group 2 in the upper Es4 sub-member was established. The results show that: (1) During the sedimentation period of sand groups 3 and 4 in the upper Es4 sub-member of Linnan Subsag, the climate was arid, primarily developing sedimentary systems of fluvial terminal fan. During the sedimentation period of sand groups 1 and 2, the climate gradually became humid, driving an evolution from fluvial terminal fan sedimentary to normal lacustrine sedimentation characterized by (fan) delta-shore shallow lacustrine beach-bar systems. (2) Paleogeomorphology in the study area control the distribution of sedimentary facies and sandbodies, which can be identified as four key patterns: broom-like faults, axial fault troughs, comb-like faults, and steep-slope parallel fault terraces. Axial fault troughs can serve as sand transport channels, guiding sandbody progradation along the trough axis. Syn-depositional fault-associated topography (comb-like faults, steep-slope parallel fault terraces, broom-like fault zones) provide significant accommodation space, controlling sandbody accumulation locations and defining favorable targets for sandstone reservoirs. (3) Tectonically, Linnan Subsag became the primary depocentre during the upper Es4 sub-member deposition due to subsidence driven by Xiakou and Linshang basin-controlling faults. Regionally, broom-like faults influenced sandbody migration via fault troughs towards the subsag in the north. Southwestern axial fault troughs served as a critical sediment pathway, promoting NE sand progradation. Comb-like faults controlled fan delta progradation and relative thick sandbody accumulation at fault-angle bases in Jiangjiadian area. Fan delta sediments developed at steep-slope parallel fault terraces in Wawu area are perpendicular to the boundary fault and exhibit retrogradational distribution. Sandbodies in Shanghe area have been influenced by alongshore currents, forming beach-bar systems.

Key words: paleogeomorphology, broom-like faults, axial fault troughs, comb-like faults, steep-slope parallel fault terraces, fluvial terminal fan, upper Es4 sub-member, Paleogene, Linnan Subsag, Bohai Bay Basin

中图分类号:

TE121

孙远锋, 曹爱锋, 周勇, 高晨曦, 王柯. 渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙四上亚段沉积演化特征及古地貌控砂模式[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2025, 37(6): 119–130.

SUN Yuanfeng, CAO Aifeng, ZHOU Yong, GAO Chenxi, WANG Ke. Sedimentary evolution characteristics and paleogeomorphology-controlled sand distribution patterns of the upper Es4 sub-member of Paleogene in Linnan Subsag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 119–130.

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渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙四上亚段沉积演化特征及古地貌控砂模式

Sedimentary evolution characteristics and paleogeomorphology-controlled sand distribution patterns of the upper Es4 sub-member of Paleogene in Linnan Subsag, Bohai Bay Basin

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