基于分形理论的致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构表征——以冀中坳陷致密砂岩储层为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2017.05.012

岩性油气藏 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 106–112.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8926.2017.05.012

基于分形理论的致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构表征——以冀中坳陷致密砂岩储层为例

葛小波^1,2, 李吉君¹, 卢双舫¹, 陈方文¹, 杨德相³, 王权³

1. 中国石油大学(华东)非常规油气与新能源研究院, 山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580;
3. 中国石油华北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河北任丘 062550

收稿日期:2017-01-20 修回日期:2017-03-06 出版日期:2017-09-21 发布日期:2017-09-21
第一作者:葛小波(1990-),男,中国石油大学(华东)在读硕士研究生,研究方向为非常规油气地质与勘探方法。地址:(266580)山东省青岛市黄岛区中国石油大学(华东)。Email:grypzyyx@163.com。
通信作者: 李吉君(1981-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事油气地质与地球化学方面的教学和科研工作。Email:lijj@upc.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“泥岩气储层孔隙微观特征及其定量表征研究”（编号：41302101）、“构造演化过程中泥页岩层变形作用及其富气机理研究”（编号：41530315）与“泥页岩热演化过程中有机酸生成及其对致密油储层溶蚀作用的定量表征”（编号：41472105），国家留学基金资助项目“国家公派高级访问学者”（编号：201606455008）和山东省自然科学基金项目“基于分子模拟定量评价泥页岩赋存吸附气量研究”（编号：ZR2016DL07）联合资助

Fractal characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir using mercury intrusion capillary pressure:a case of tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression

GE Xiaobo^1,2, LI Jijun¹, LU Shuangfang¹, CHEN Fangwen¹, YANG Dexiang³, WANG Quan³

1. Unconventional Oil & Gas and Renewable Energy Research Institute, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China;
2. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China;
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu 062552, Hebei, China

Received:2017-01-20 Revised:2017-03-06 Online:2017-09-21 Published:2017-09-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了评价致密砂岩储层类型，为致密油气的勘探与开发提供理论依据，利用分形理论和高压压汞方法，结合储层物性资料，通过对11个致密砂岩样品的压汞实验，研究了冀中坳陷致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构。结果表明：根据进汞曲线拐点，将致密砂岩储层孔隙系统按直径大小划分为裂隙（>10μm）、大孔（1～10μm）、中孔（0.1～1.0μm）和微孔（<0.1μm）。依据分形理论，分别求取各尺度孔隙分形维数，验证了孔隙系统划分的正确性。根据不同尺度孔隙的分布频率，结合样品孔渗、排驱压力和退汞效率等参数将致密砂岩储层分为3类：Ⅰ类储层微孔分布频率高，但几乎无连通孔隙，具有较低的渗透率；Ⅱ类储层连通孔隙发育，但微孔较少；Ⅲ类储层不仅有大量微孔，同时有丰富的连通孔隙，渗透率也较高。通过分析得出，微孔分布频率越高，退汞效率越高，孔隙结构越简单，均质性越好；裂隙和大孔均决定了储层的渗流能力。因此，Ⅲ类致密砂岩储层为最优质的储层，可作为致密油气勘探与开采的首选目标。

关键词: 沉积相, 溶蚀带, 有利储层, 白垩系下沟组, 鸭儿峡地区

Abstract: To evaluate the type of tight sandstone reservoir and provide theoretical basis for the exploration and development of tight oil and gas,the fractal theory,mercury intrusion capillary pressure analyses,as well as reservoir physical properties,were used to discuss the pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression,by analyzing 11 tight sandstone samples. The results show that an evaluation method for fracture(>10 μm,in diameter),macropores(1-10 μm),mesopores(0.1-1.0 μm)and micropores(< 0.1 μm)within tight sandstone reservoir was established by mercury intrusion curves. This method was verified using fractal geometry theory. Based on the above classification,the volume contents of pores and fractures were estimated by mercury intrusion curves. Morever,three types(Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ)of tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression were analyzed based on the distribution of pore volume,porosity,permeability,displacement pressure and mercury withdrawal efficiency. Type I tight sandstone reservoir is characterized by abundant micropores and rarely open fractures,which leads to a low permeability. Type Ⅱ tight sandstone reservoir has high open fractures but a few micropores. Type Ⅲ tight sandstone reservoir not only has abundant micropores but also has high open fractures. Two main parameters obtained from the mercury porosimetry analysis, the mercury withdrawal efficiency and permeability,reflect the totally minable potential and production rate of tight oil and gas,respectively. The more the micropores develop,the higher the mercury withdrawl efficiency is,and the simpler and more homogeneous the pore structure is. The flowing capacity is controlled by fractures and macropores. Therefore,the type Ⅲ tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression is the most appropriate to exploit.

Key words: sedimentary facies, dissolution zone, favorable reservoirs, Cretaceous Xiagou Formation, Ya'erxia area

中图分类号:

TE122

葛小波, 李吉君, 卢双舫, 陈方文, 杨德相, 王权. 基于分形理论的致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构表征——以冀中坳陷致密砂岩储层为例[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2017, 29(5): 106–112.

GE Xiaobo, LI Jijun, LU Shuangfang, CHEN Fangwen, YANG Dexiang, WANG Quan. Fractal characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir using mercury intrusion capillary pressure:a case of tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(5): 106–112.

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基于分形理论的致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构表征——以冀中坳陷致密砂岩储层为例

Fractal characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir using mercury intrusion capillary pressure:a case of tight sandstone reservoir in Jizhong Depression

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