川北地区开江—梁平海槽二叠系海相页岩特征及优质储层形成机制

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250310

岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 108–119.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250310

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

川北地区开江—梁平海槽二叠系海相页岩特征及优质储层形成机制

杨雪^1,2, 杨雨然^1,2, 张景缘^1,2, 田鹤^1,2, 王青^1,2, 宋芳^1,2, 张赛柯^1,2, 陈瑶^1,2

1. 中国石油西南油气田公司页岩气研究院, 成都 610051;
2. 中国石油西南油气田公司页岩气研究院页岩气评价与开采四川省重点实验室, 成都 610051

收稿日期:2024-09-05 修回日期:2024-10-29 发布日期:2025-05-10
第一作者:杨雪（1994—），女，硕士，工程师，主要从事页岩气综合地质评价工作。地址：（610051）四川省成都市成华区建设北路一段83号。Email：yangx63@petrochina.com.cn。
基金资助:
中国石油股份公司攻关性应用性科技专项项目“新区新层系有利区优选与勘探评价关键技术研究”（编号：2023ZZ21-04）和中国石油西南油气田公司科研项目“川北地区二叠系海相优质页岩展布规律与储层主控因素研究”（编号：20230304-08）联合资助。

Characteristics and formation mechanism of Permian marine shale of Kaijiang-Liangping trough in northern Sichuan Basin

YANG Xue^1,2, YANG Yuran^1,2, ZHANG Jingyuan^1,2, TIAN He^1,2, WANG Qing^1,2, SONG Fang^1,2, ZHANG Saike^1,2, CHEN Yao^1,2

1. PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610051, China;
2. Shale Gas Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Evaluation and Exploitation, Chengdu 610051, China

Received:2024-09-05 Revised:2024-10-29 Published:2025-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于钻井岩心的地球化学元素特征和岩石宏观、微观证据，从构造演化、沉积环境和事件影响等诸多方面分析了川北地区开江—梁平海槽二叠系吴家坪组富有机质页岩的形成机理。研究结果表明：①川北地区开江—梁平海槽构造演化控制了页岩的沉积环境，海槽的形成为页岩的形成提供了基础条件，槽内沉积的多套页岩，厚度大于槽外，岩性组合复杂，纵横向非均质性强，深水陆棚相形成了相对稳定的富有机质页岩。②研究区二叠系吴三段页岩岩性以硅质页岩为主，具有“一薄四高”的特征，即连续页岩厚度薄、高TOC、高孔隙度、高含气量、高脆性，为二叠系优质页岩储层，已实现天然气的商业开发。③事件沉积中火山活动是优质储层形成的重要影响因素之一，吴三段页岩层内发育的多期凝灰岩条带，对应了生物发育的鼎盛时期，初级生产力形成了高有机碳。④受构造活动和海域封闭性的影响，开江—梁平海槽内原始沉积层理明显可见，搭建形成了原始孔隙格架。纵向上吴三段为最优质储层，富有机质页岩形成于深水还原环境中，在远源火山活动的加持下，促进了页岩中高有机质的富集，原始矿物组成及其堆积方式控制了高孔隙度和高含气量区的分布，从而造就了高产稳产的天然气井。

关键词: 页岩气, 深水陆棚相, 深水还原环境, 火山活动, 吴家坪组, 二叠系, 开江-梁平海槽, 四川盆地

Abstract: In order to clarify the formation mechanism of Permian Wujiaping formation organic rich shale of KaijiangLiangping trough in northern Sichuan, based on the drilling core data. The characteristics of geochemical elements，macro and micro evidences of rocks are analyzed，and the research is carried out from the aspects of tectonic evolution，sedimentary environment and the impact of events. The results show that：（1）The tectonic evolution of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough in northern Sichuan controls the sedimentary environment of shale，and the formation of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough provides basic geological conditions for shale deposition. Many sets of shale deposited in the trough are thicker than those outside the trough. The vertical lithologic combination is complex，and the plane heterogeneity is very strong. Relatively stable organic rich shale was formed in the deep-water shelf facies.（2）The lithology of the Permian Wusan member shale in the study area is mainly siliceous shale，with the characteristics of“one thin and four high”，that is，the continuous shale is thin，high TOC，high porosity，high gas content and high brittleness. According to the comprehensive evaluation，it is a Permian high-quality shale reservoir and has realized the commercial development of natural gas.（3）Volcanic activity in event deposits is one of the important factors affecting the formation of high-quality reservoirs. The multi-stage tuff belt developed in the shale layer of the third member of Wu corresponds to the peak period of biological development，and primary productivity controls the formation of high organic carbon.（4）Affected by tectonic activities and sea area closure，the original sedimentary layers in the Kaijiang-Liangping trough are clearly visible. The original sedimentary framework formed the pore framework. The upper Wusan member of the Permian system is the best quality reservoir. The organic rich shale was formed in a deep-water reducing environment，and the formation and enrichment of high organic matter in the shale were promoted by remote volcanic activity. The original mineral composition and its accumulation mode control the distribution of high porosity and high gas content areas，thus creating natural gas wells with high and stable production.

Key words: shale gas, deep water shelf facies, sedimentary reduction environment, volcanic activity, Wujiaping Formation, Permian, Kaijiang-Liangping trough, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

杨雪, 杨雨然, 张景缘, 田鹤, 王青, 宋芳, 张赛柯, 陈瑶. 川北地区开江—梁平海槽二叠系海相页岩特征及优质储层形成机制[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2025, 37(3): 108–119.

YANG Xue, YANG Yuran, ZHANG Jingyuan, TIAN He, WANG Qing, SONG Fang, ZHANG Saike, CHEN Yao. Characteristics and formation mechanism of Permian marine shale of Kaijiang-Liangping trough in northern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(3): 108–119.

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川北地区开江—梁平海槽二叠系海相页岩特征及优质储层形成机制

Characteristics and formation mechanism of Permian marine shale of Kaijiang-Liangping trough in northern Sichuan Basin

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