Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 36-44.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20240604

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Analysis of deformation mechanism of ultra thick gypsum salt rock and its significance for oil and gas reservoir formation：A case study of the Jurassic gypsum salt layers in theAgayry region，eastern right bank of theAmu Darya River

ZHANG Peijun1, XIE Mingxian2, LUO Min1, ZHANG Liangjie3, CHEN Renjin1, ZHANG Wenqi3, YUE Xingfu2, LEI Ming2   

  1. 1. PetroChina Amu Darya Natural Gas Exploration and Development(Beijing)Co., Ltd, Beijing 100034, China;
    2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2024-07-15 Revised:2024-09-30 Online:2024-11-01 Published:2024-11-04

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Abstract: The right bank of the Amu Darya River in Turkmenistan is characterized by the development of a sig nificant gypsums and salts of the upper Jurassic Kimmeridgian stage. It has important influence on the hydrocarbon enrichment and accumulation. By comprehensively utilizing data of drilling，core analysis and seismic，typi cal tectonic styles of different strata of the Jurassic gypsum salt layers in the Agayry region，eastern right bank of the Amu Darya River were identified by analyzing the geomorphology of the profile and portraying the seismic crossover frequency attributes. At the same time，the deformation mechanism of the gypsum salt rock and adja cent strata in the context of the regional tectonic movement was explored，and then the ancient structures of the key reservoir formation period were restored，further investigating the role of tectonics in controlling oil and gas transportation and reservoir formation in different periods. The results show that：（1）The upper and overlying strata of the upper salt layer of Jurassic gypsum salt layers in the Agayry region develop detachment folds，while the lower part develops a small amount of large salt pillow structures. The overall deformation degree of the middle gypsum lower salt layer lower gypsum layer is relatively low. Three types of small salt pillow structures and salt necking are developed within the lower salt layer，and typical reef/hill beach bodies can be identified be tween the salt pillow structures.（2）The function of tectonic compression stress and gravity decollement is the main driving forces for the formation of salt layer deformation. Based on the four key factors of "two major tec tonic movements，pre-existing landforms/structures，multi-layer differentiated deformation plastic strata，and longitudinal and transverse composite superimposed deformation”，a multi-layer superimposed complex struc tural deformation model was established.（3）The flow thickening of salt layers and backfilling method was used to restore the ancient structures of before the deposition of salt layers and during the peak period of hydrocarbon generation at the end of the Early Cretaceous in the study area. By integrating the history of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion，structural development，and gas well production，it was clarified that the ancient structures restored based on gypsum salt rock deformation are important factors for high natural gas accumulation and production， with characteristics of“continuous natural gas injection and multi-stage dynamic reservoir formation”. The inherited development areas of ancient and modern structures are the most favorable areas for natural gas enrichment.

Key words: gypsum salt rock, deformation mechanism, paleo structure, gliding fold, salt pillow structure, tectonic compression stress, gravity decollement, Jurassic, Agayry region, right bank of the Amu Darya River

CLC Number: 

  • TE121.2
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