柴达木盆地西南地区基底断裂的控藏作用与有利区带

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20190404

岩性油气藏 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 32–41.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20190404

柴达木盆地西南地区基底断裂的控藏作用与有利区带

倪祥龙^1,2, 王建功^1,2, 郭佳佳^1,2, 杜斌山¹, 易定红¹, 龙国徽³, 李志明^1,2, 惠媛媛^1,2

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院, 兰州 730020;
2. 中国石油天然气集团公司油藏描述重点实验室, 兰州 730020;
3. 中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202

收稿日期:2019-03-19 修回日期:2019-05-23 出版日期:2019-07-21 发布日期:2019-06-21
第一作者:倪祥龙(1982-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事石油地质与储层预测方面的研究工作。地址:(730020)甘肃省兰州市城关区雁儿湾路535号。Email:xnl021@163.com。
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"柴达木盆地复杂构造区油气成藏、关键勘探技术与新领域目标优选"（编号：2016ZX05003-006）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技项目"柴达木盆地建设高原大油气田勘探开发关键技术研究与应用"（编号：2016E-03）联合资助

Reservoir-controlling effect of basement faults and favorable exploration zones in southwestern Qaidam Basin

NI Xianglong^1,2, WANG Jiangong^1,2, GUO Jiajia^1,2, DU Binshan¹, YI Dinghong¹, LONG Guohui³, LI Zhiming^1,2, HUI Yuanyuan^1,2

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Reservoir Description, CNPC, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736202, Gansu, China

Received:2019-03-19 Revised:2019-05-23 Online:2019-07-21 Published:2019-06-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，柴达木盆地西南地区（柴西南地区）的基岩油气勘探获得了重大突破，已发现昆北等油气藏。为明确研究区基底断裂的控藏作用与成藏模式，开展了钻井岩心分析、测井分析和三维大连片地震资料解释等研究工作。结果表明：①柴西南地区深大断裂较为发育，并控制了基岩油气藏的分布；同沉积逆断裂Ⅺ号、Ⅷ号及阿拉尔断裂早期活动控制了三大生烃凹陷的发育；基底的深大断裂在关键成藏期均比较活跃，为油气初次运聚成藏提供了垂向运移通道；②深大断裂控制的古隆起区是油气运聚的长期指向区，且风化壳中裂缝和溶蚀孔十分发育，为油气聚集提供了储集空间；③基岩风化壳上覆泥岩盖层的封盖能力控制着油气富集程度，深大断裂的晚期活动会降低盖层对基岩油气藏的封盖能力；④建立了以深大断裂为核心的基岩油气成藏模式，即紧邻生烃凹陷的深大断裂-古构造背景-优质的泥岩盖层共同控制了油气的富集与成藏；⑤深大断裂上盘的扎西鼻隆、乌南鼻隆和跃进斜坡的Q3古鼻隆为下一步勘探的有利区。该研究成果对于柴达木盆地基岩油气藏勘探具有指导意义。

关键词: 断裂控藏, 基底断裂, 古隆起, 有利区带, 基岩油气藏, 柴西南地区

Abstract: In recent years,great breakthroughs have been made in hydrocarbon exploration of basement rock in southwestern Qaidam Basin,and Kunbei reservoir has been found. In order to make clear the reservoir-controlling effect and accumulation model of basement faults,drilling core analysis,logging analysis and 3-D seismic data interpretation were carried out. The results show that:(1)Deep and large faults were well developed and they controlled the development of basement reservoir. The early activities of synsedimentary reverse faults No. Ⅺ and Ⅷ and Alar fault controlled the development of the three major hydrocarbon-generating sags. The deep and large faults in the basement were active during the key reservoir-forming periods,providing vertical migration channel for the initial hydrocarbon accumulation.(2)The paleo-uplift controlled by deep and large faults was an advantage area for oil and gas accumulation,and fracture and dissolved pores developed in weathering crust provided reservoir space for oil and gas accumulation.(3)Capping capacity of mudstone caprock overlying on weathering crust controlled oil and gas enrichment,and the late activity of deep and large faults may destroy the capping capacity.(4)An oil and gas accumulation model for basement reservoir with deep and large faults as the core was established,namely,deep and large faults adjacent to hydrocarbon-generating sags,paleotectonic setting and highquality mudstone caprock jointly controlled hydrocarbon enrichment and accumulation.(5)Zhaxi nose-shaped uplift,Wunan nose-shaped uplift and Q3 nose-shaped paleo-uplift in Yuejin slope located on the hanging wall of deep and large faults are favorable areas for the next exploration in this area. The study results have guiding significance for basement reservoir exploration in Qaidam Basin.

Key words: fault-controlled reservoir, basement fault, paleo-uplift, favorable exploration areas, basement reservoirs, southwestern Qaidam Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

倪祥龙, 王建功, 郭佳佳, 杜斌山, 易定红, 龙国徽, 李志明, 惠媛媛. 柴达木盆地西南地区基底断裂的控藏作用与有利区带[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2019, 31(4): 32–41.

NI Xianglong, WANG Jiangong, GUO Jiajia, DU Binshan, YI Dinghong, LONG Guohui, LI Zhiming, HUI Yuanyuan. Reservoir-controlling effect of basement faults and favorable exploration zones in southwestern Qaidam Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(4): 32–41.

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柴达木盆地西南地区基底断裂的控藏作用与有利区带

Reservoir-controlling effect of basement faults and favorable exploration zones in southwestern Qaidam Basin

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