岩性油气藏 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 161–174.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210115

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地英雄岭南带断裂活动特征及其控藏作用

卢恩俊1,2,3, 柳少波1,2,3, 于志超1,2,3, 鲁雪松1,2,3, 成定树4   

  1. 1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
    2. 提高石油采收率国家重点实验室, 北京 100083;
    3. 中国石油天然气集团公司盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室, 北京 100083;
    4. 中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃 敦煌 736202
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-20 修回日期:2020-06-29 出版日期:2021-02-01 发布日期:2021-01-25
  • 第一作者:卢恩俊(1994-),男,中国石油勘探开发研究院在读硕士研究生,研究方向为盆地与构造分析、油气成藏。地址:(100083)北京市海淀区学院路20号中国石油勘探开发研究院。Email:1521185384@qq.com
  • 通信作者: 柳少波(1967-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气成藏方面的研究工作。Email:lsb@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家油气重大专项“前陆冲断带及复杂构造区油气成藏、分布规律与有利区评价”（编号：2016ZX05003-002）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目“柴达木盆地油气地质理论深化研究”（编号：2016E-0101）联合资助

Characteristics of fault activity and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in southern Yingxiongling area,Qaidam Basin

LU Enjun1,2,3, LIU Shaobo1,2,3, YU Zhichao1,2,3, LU Xuesong1,2,3, CHENG Dingshu4   

  1. 1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation, CNPC, Beijing 100083, China;
    4. Research Institute Exploration and Development, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736202, Gansu, China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Revised:2020-06-29 Online:2021-02-01 Published:2021-01-25

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摘要： 柴达木盆地英雄岭南带断裂发育，但断裂控制油气成藏的规律不太清楚。通过重新解释该地区地震剖面，分析了5条主要断裂：狮子沟断裂、Ⅰ号断裂、Ⅱ号断裂、油砂山断裂、Ⅺ号断裂，研究了断裂级次、构造样式、活动强度和演化过程，以及通过分析英雄岭南带油藏生物标志物特征和油气充注期次，探讨了断裂对油气成藏的控制作用。结果表明：①Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号、Ⅺ号断裂属于软弱层（膏盐岩+泥岩）之下断裂，形成于古近纪，其中Ⅱ号、Ⅺ号断裂由多条断裂叠加生长形成，狮子沟与油砂山断裂属于软弱层之上断裂，形成于新近纪，由单一断裂生长形成。②浅层构造带油气是深层油气向上运移的结果，控藏断裂的活动性与油气生烃期和圈闭的形成期相匹配。③断裂控藏演化分为3个阶段：下干柴沟组上段沉积期，基底断裂控制烃源岩形成；下油砂山组沉积期，滑脱断裂控制低熟油气成藏；上油砂山组沉积期，滑脱断裂控制成熟油气成藏，同时对早期低熟油气藏进行改造。不同断裂活动特征的差异性是造成英雄岭南带成藏差异性的主控因素之一。

关键词: 断裂活动性, 油气成藏, 构造演化, 成藏期次, 英雄岭南带

Abstract: Faults are widely distributed in southern Yingxiongling area,Qaidam Basin. The control of the faults on hydrocarbon accumulation is unclear. Through reinterpretation of seismic profiles in this area,five main faults were analyzed:Shizigou fault,Ⅰ fault,Ⅱ fault,Youshashan fault and Ⅺ fault. The fault grade,structural style, activity intensity and evolution process were studied,and the control effect of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation was discussed by analyzing the characteristics of biomarkers and oil and gas filling periods in southern Yingxiongling area. The results show that:(1)Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅺ faults belong to the faults under the weak layer (gypsum salt rock + mudstone)and formed in Paleogene,among which Ⅱ fault and Ⅺ fault were formed by superposition of multiple faults,while Shizigou and Youshashan faults belong to faults above the weak layer,and be formed by single fault growth in Neogene.(2)Oil and gas in shallow structural belt are the result of upward migration of deep oil and gas. The activity of reservoir controlling faults matches with hydrocarbon generation period and the formation period of traps.(3)The evolution of the fault-controlling reservoir model can be divided into three stages:basement faults control the formation of source rocks in the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation;detachment faults control the accumulation of low-mature oil and gas reservoirs in the lower Youshashan Formation. detachment faults control mature hydrocarbon accumulation in the upper Youshashan Formation,and reform the early low mature oil and gas reservoirs. The difference of different fault activity characteristics is one of the main controlling factors for the difference of hydrocarbon accumulation in southern Yingxiongling area.

Key words: fault activity, hydrocarbon accumulation, structural evolution, accumulation stage, southern Yingxiongling area

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.3
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