岩性油气藏 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 61–69.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20230406

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种基于改进共轭梯度法的弹性波全波形反演速度分层建模方法

王立德1, 王小卫1, 周辉2, 吴杰1, 张志强3, 王建乐1, 王德英1, 冯刚1   

  1. 1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院, 兰州 730020;
    2. 中国石油大学 (北京), 北京 昌平 102249;
    3. 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司 采气分公司, 黑龙江 大庆 163000
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-26 修回日期:2022-10-28 出版日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2023-07-01
  • 第一作者:王立德(1995-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事人工智能速度建模、全波形反演和地震资料信号处理等领域的科研及生产工作。地址:(730020) 甘肃省兰州市城关区雁儿湾路535号。Email:wld2402364497@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目“人工智能速度建模方法研究”（编号：kt2020-10-06-02）与物探攻关项目“2022年塔里木盆地和田河周缘寒武系盐下地震成像攻关与目标落实”（编号：2022KKT0506）联合资助。

A layered velocity modeling method for elastic wave full waveform inversion based on improved conjugate gradient method

WANG Lide1, WANG Xiaowei1, ZHOU Hui2, WU Jie1, ZHANG Zhiqiang3, WANG Jianle1, WANG Deying1, FENG Gang1   

  1. 1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2. China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
    3. Gas Production Company, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2022-09-26 Revised:2022-10-28 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-01

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摘要： 陆上地震资料由于低频信息缺失、波场复杂等问题，加剧了反演的非线性。基于改进共轭梯度法的时间域多尺度分层反演方法有效重建了纵、横波速度场。研究结果表明： ①利用时窗筛选早至波信息，使用小炮检距早至波数据自低频至高频多尺度重建浅层速度场，可以减少中深层反射波及噪声的强非线性影响；固定浅层速度，采用全波场的全偏移距数据可重建中深层速度场。②整个反演过程均利用基于移动加权平均的改进共轭梯度法进行速度场的迭代更新。改进的共轭梯度法可增强反演的稳定性，提高深层速度建模质量，同时反演收敛更快；分层反演策略可兼顾浅层低速和深层高速，采用大小不同的有限差分网格，保证波场模拟精度的同时减少了计算量，提高了反演计算效率；改进共轭梯度法的多尺度分层反演策略可有效降低陆上实际资料带来的非线性影响，使共成像点道集拉平程度更好，纵、横波速度场均得到有效恢复。

关键词: 时间域, 弹性波, 全波形反演, 多尺度, 共轭梯度, 分层反演, 有限差分, 速度建模

Abstract: Due to the lack of low-frequency information and complex wave field of land seismic data， the nonlinearity of elastic wave full waveform inversion is aggravated. A layered inversion strategy of time-domain multiscale inversion was proposed to reconstruct the P-wave and S-wave velocity based on the improved conjugate gradient method. The results show that： （1）Time window was used to screen the early arrival wave information and to constrain the offset size to reconstruct the velocity field in the shallow area from low frequency to high frequency， which can reduce the strong nonlinear effects caused by the reflected waves and noises in the middle and deep layers. The shallow velocity was fixed，and the full offset data of full wave field was used to conduct multi-scale inversion for the middle and deep layer velocity.（2）The whole inversion process used the improved conjugate gradient method based on moving weighted average to update the P-wave and S-wave velocity iteratively. The improved conjugate gradient method can enhance the stability of inversion， improve the quality of deep velocity modeling，and increase the convergence speed. The layered inversion strategy can reduce the amount of calculation and ensure the accuracy of wave field simulation by using staggered grid finite difference method with different mesh size， and improve the calculation efficiency of inversion. The layered inversion strategy based on the improved conjugate gradient can effectively reduce the nonlinear impact of the onshore actual data，making the common imaging point gathers flattened better and the velocity reconstructed more precise.

Key words: time domain, elastic wave, full waveform inversion, multi scale, conjugate gradient, layered inversion, finite difference, velocity modeling

中图分类号: 

  • TE319
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