岩性油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 137–147.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260412

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组沉积期古地貌恢复及地质意义

杨伟强1,2(), 李中超3, 张纪喜1, 王义1, 赵真1   

  1. 1 中国石化中原油田分公司 勘探开发研究院， 河南 濮阳 457001
    2 中国石化高酸性气田开发重点实验室， 河南 濮阳 457001
    3 中国石化中原油田分公司， 河南 濮阳 457001
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 修回日期:2026-01-20 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-07-06
  • 第一作者:杨伟强（1993—），男，博士，工程师，主要从事沉积学与储层地质学研究方面的工作。地址：（457001）河南省濮阳市华龙区中原东路360号。Email:871958241@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组深层不同相带颗粒岩压实压溶-胶结作用定量模型”(42172152);国家科技重大专项项目“深层碳酸盐岩气藏剩余气挖潜技术攻关及应用”(2025ZD1402506)

Restoration and geological implications of paleogeomorphology during the depositional period of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

YANG Weiqiang1,2(), LI Zhongchao3, ZHANG Jixi1, WANG Yi1, ZHAO Zhen1   

  1. 1 Exploration and Development Research Institute, Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China
    2 Key Laboratory of High Acid Gas Field Development, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China
    3 Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Puyang 457001, Henan, China
  • Received:2025-12-11 Revised:2026-01-20 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-06

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摘要：

古地貌格局对相控型碳酸盐岩储层的空间展布具有显著控制作用。基于岩心薄片、常规测井和地球物理资料，通过对岩相差异压实-压溶作用的分析，对普光地区三叠系飞仙关组单井原始厚度进行了恢复，结合三维地震资料重建了古地貌，并采用INPEFA曲线对单井构造沉降进行了识别，综合去压实-压溶恢复结果进一步完善了沉积期古地貌。研究结果表明：①普光地区飞仙关组发育7种主要岩石类型，分别为颗粒白云岩、泥晶颗粒白云岩、晶粒白云岩、泥晶白云岩、颗粒灰岩、泥晶颗粒灰岩、泥晶灰岩。基于压实恢复系数和压溶恢复系数，计算出不同岩相的解压系数，颗粒白云岩解压系数最小，为1.25，其现今厚度与原始沉积厚度变化不大，而泥晶灰岩的解压系数较大，为3.09，其现今厚度与原始厚度相差2倍以上。②采用INPEFA方法进行构造沉降识别是一种基于GR曲线趋势频谱分析的单井层序识别方法。结合瓦尔特相律，明确了该方法识别构造沉降的核心机制，并以INPEFA平均值0.5作为阈值，区分正常沉积与构造沉降区域。③滩相沉积分布受古地貌与构造沉降综合控制。在构造稳定区，滩相沉积集中于古地貌的高部位；而在构造活动区，滩相沉积则发育于正向古地貌且INPEFA平均值小于0.5的区域。④通过去压实-压溶与构造沉降分析恢复的古地貌，其精度得到显著提升，能有效识别并剔除因差异沉降形成的虚假地貌高点，从而能更清晰地揭示古地貌对优质储层发育的控制作用。

关键词: 古地貌恢复, 去压实-压溶作用, INPEFA曲线, 构造沉降, 滩相, 飞仙关组, 三叠系, 普光地区, 川东北

Abstract:

Paleogeomorphologic framework exerts significant control on the spatial distribution of facies-controlled carbonate reservoirs. Based on geophysical data such as core thin sections, conventional logging data, the original thickness of individual wells in Triassic Feixianguan Formation was restored in Puguang area through analysis of differential compaction and pressure dissolution of lithofacies. Combined with 3D seismic data, the paleogeomorphology was reconstructed, and the structural subsidence of individual wells was identified using the INPEFA curve. The decompaction and pressure dissolution restoration results were integrated to further refine the paleogeomorphology during the depositional period. Research results show that: （1） Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area develop seven major rock types, including granular dolomite, micritic-granular dolomite, crystalline dolomite, micritic dolomite, granular limestone, micritic-granular limestone, and micritic limestone. Based on compaction recovery coefficients and pressure dissolution recovery coefficients, decompaction coefficients of different lithofacies were calculated. Granular dolomite exhibits the smallest decompaction coef-ficient of 1.25, indicating little change between its present-day thickness and original sedimentary thickness, whereas micritic limestone exhibits a relatively large decompaction coefficient of 3.09, with its present-day thickness differing by more than two times from the original thickness. （2） The identification of tectonic subsidence using the INPEFA method is a single-well sequence identification technique based on GR curve trend spectrum analysis. Combined with Walther’s law, the key mechanism of this method for identifying tectonic subsidence was clarified, and the INPEFA mean value of 0.5 was used as the threshold to distinguish normal sedimentary areas and tectonic subsidence areas. （3） The distribution of shoal deposits is controlled by paleogeomorphology and tectonic subsidence. In tectonic stable areas, shoal deposits are concentrated in high parts of the paleogeomorphology; whereas in tectonic active areas, shoal deposits develop in regions with positive paleogeomorphology and the INPEFA mean value of less than 0.5. （4） The accuracy of paleogeomorphology restored through decompaction, pressure dissolution, and tectonic subsidence analysis has been significantly improved, which can effectively identify and eliminate spurious topographic highs caused by differential subsidence, thus more clearly revealing controlling effects of paleogeomorphology on the development of high-quality reservoirs.

Key words: paleogeomorphology reconstruction, decompaction and pressure dissolution, INPEFA curve, tectonic subsidence, shoal facies, Feixianguan Formation, Triassic, Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122

图1

川东北普光地区沉积相平面展布（a）及三叠系飞仙关组岩性地层综合柱状图（b）"

图2

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组岩石薄片显微照片"

图3

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩地层厚度去压实-压溶参数模型"

表1

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组不同岩相解压系数（压实恢复系数据文献[18]修改）"

岩性 压实恢复系数 压溶恢复系数 解压系数
颗粒灰岩 1.2 1.090 1.31
泥晶颗粒灰岩 1.5 1.127 1.69
泥晶灰岩 2.5 1.236 3.09
颗粒白云岩 1.2 1.038 1.25
泥晶颗粒白云岩 1.5 1.053 1.58
泥晶白云岩 2.5 1.084 2.71

图4

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组一、二段恢复前后古地貌地层厚度图"

图5

川东北普光地区毛坝4井三叠系飞仙关组一段、二段INPEFA曲线"

图6

川东北普光地区杨柳1井—普光8井—普光5井三叠系飞仙关组一、二段INPEFA曲线连井对比"

图7

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组一、二段INPEFA曲线平均值与古地貌散点图"

图8

川东北普光地区三叠系飞仙关组一、二段古地貌恢复前（a）、恢复后（b）颗粒滩厚度与古地貌散点图"

图9

川东北毛坝—大湾地区三叠系飞仙关组一、二段第2层序去压实-压溶恢复地层厚度前后古地貌对比"

图10

川东北毛坝—大湾地区三叠系飞仙关组一、二段第2层序去压实-压溶恢复地层厚度后古地貌与INPEFA平均值图版"

图11

川东北普光地区构造活动区分3—毛坝1—大湾102井—普光6井—普光12井三叠系飞仙关组气藏剖面（剖面位置见图1a）"

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