岩性油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 56–64.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260205

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川盆地蜀南地区三叠系嘉二段成藏主控因素及勘探方向

顾雯1(), 陈辉1, 朱亚东1, 巫芙蓉1, 赵洲1, 王书言1, 王尉2   

  1. 1 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 研究院， 成都 610213
    2 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院， 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-11-26 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 第一作者:顾雯（1986—），女，博士，高级工程师，主要从事储层地球物理和地震资料解释方法及综合研究。地址：（610213）四川省成都市双流县华阳镇华阳大道一段。Email:guwen_wt@cnpc.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中石油股份公司科技项目“新区新领域综合研究”(2023YQX10111)

Main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration directions of the second member of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, southern Sichuan Basin

GU Wen1(), CHEN Hui1, ZHU Yadong1, WU Furong1, ZHAO Zhou1, WANG Shuyan1, WANG Wei2   

  1. 1 Research Institute, BGP, CNPC, Chengdu 610213, China
    2 Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-11-26 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-02-06

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摘要：

四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组天然气勘探开发历史悠久，累计探明储量已超千亿方。基于最新钻井、测井及二维、三维地震资料，系统开展了蜀南地区嘉陵江组二段沉积储层特征、古构造演化及源-储匹配等成藏条件研究，明确了有利勘探方向。研究结果表明：①四川盆地蜀南地区三叠系嘉陵江组气藏具有储层非均质性强、远源成藏等特点，断裂系统为油气成藏提供了运移通道及储集空间，古构造高部位是油气聚集成藏的重要场所。②蜀南地区嘉陵江组具有多源供烃、滩相优质储层规模发育、位于古今构造高部位及通源断裂有效沟通烃源岩等良好的成藏条件，成藏模式为“古油藏控规模-古隆起控储-断裂通源-裂缝控富”。③川南—川东构造向斜及斜坡区埋藏浅、勘探潜力大，是盆地嘉陵江组下一步有利勘探方向。

关键词: 碳酸盐岩储层, 滩相, 多源供烃, 通源断裂, 泸州古隆起, 嘉陵江组二段, 三叠系, 蜀南地区, 四川盆地

Abstract:

Natural gas exploration and development of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Sichuan Basin have a long history, with cumulative proven reserves exceeding 100 billion cubic meters. Based on the latest drilling, logging, 2D and 3D seismic data, a systematic study of hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the second member of Jialingjiang Formation in Sichuan Basin was conducted, focusing on sedimentary reservoirs, paleostructural evolution, and source-reservoir matching, and favorable exploration zones were indentified.The results show that: （1） Gas reservoirs of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in southern Sichuan Basin are characte-rized by strong reservoir heterogeneity and long-distance hydrocarbon accumulation. Fault systems provide critical migration pathways and storage spaces, while paleostructural highs are essential for hydrocarbon accumulation. （2） Jialingjiang Formation in southern Sichuan Basin possesses favorable hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, such as multiple hydrocarbon sources, large-scale development of high-quality beach facies reservoirs, location in paleo and present structural highs, and effective connectivity to source rocks via source-connecting faults. The hydrocarbon accumulation model is “paleo-reservoir controlling scale, paleo-uplift controlling storage, faults connecting sources, and fractures controlling enrichment”. （3） Structural synclines and slope areas in southern and eastern Sichuan Basin, characterized by shallow burial depth and great exploration potential, are favorable targets for further exploration of Jialingjiang Formation in Sichuan Basin.

Key words: carbonate reservoir, beach facies, multiple hydrocarbon sources supply, source-connecting fault, Luzhou paleo-uplift, the second member of Jialingjiang Formation, Triassic, southern Sichuan Basin, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE121

图1

蜀南地区泸州古隆起及低陡构造分布(a)及三叠系嘉陵江组岩性地层综合柱状图(b)（根据文献[11]修改）"

图2

蜀南地区三叠系嘉陵江组油气成藏特征（剖面位置见图3a） 注:T3x1. 上三叠统须家河组一段；T2l11. 中三叠统雷口坡组一段1亚段；T1j22. 下三叠统嘉陵江组二段2亚段；T1f1、T1f4. 下三叠统飞仙关组一段、四段；P2l. 上二叠统龙潭组；P1m1c. 下二叠统茅口组一段c亚段；P1l. 下二叠统梁山组；O3w. 上奥陶统五峰组；O1n. 下奥陶统南津关组。"

图3

四川盆地下志留统（a）与上二叠统（b）烃源岩厚度分布特征"

图4

四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组早期沉积地貌地震剖面（剖面位置见图3a）"

图5

四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组沉积早期古地貌分布图"

图6

蜀南地区三叠系嘉二段底界强弱振幅变化特征（剖面位置见图3a）"

图7

四川盆地印支晚期—燕山早期加里东古隆及北倾末端三叠系嘉陵江组古构造特征 注：T3x1. 上三叠统须家河组一段；T2l11. 中三叠统雷口坡组一段1亚段；T1j1. 下三叠统嘉陵江组一段；P2l. 上二叠统龙潭组；P1l. 下二叠统梁山组；∈1q. 下寒武统筇竹寺组；Z2dn1. 上震旦统灯影组一段。 （a） 川中—川南地区三叠系须家河组沉积前泸州古隆起地震剖面特征；（b） 四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组底界—须家河组底界地层厚度图（印支晚期）；（c） 川中—川南地区侏罗系沉积前泸州古隆起地震剖面特征；（d） 四川盆地三叠系嘉陵江组底界—侏罗系底界地层厚度图（燕山早期）。"

图8

蜀南地区泸州古隆起二叠系茅口组、三叠系嘉陵江组古油藏形成及改造示意图"

图9

蜀南地区断裂系统分类及沟通烃源岩特征（剖面位置见图3）"

图10

四川盆地三叠系嘉二段沉积相及有利勘探区带"

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