岩性油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 53–62.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260405

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡馆陶组成藏时间厘定

徐浩轩1,2(), 付广1,2()   

  1. 1 东北石油大学 多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室， 黑龙江 大庆 163318
    2 东北石油大学 地球科学学院， 黑龙江 大庆 163318
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-01 修回日期:2026-05-07 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-07-06
  • 第一作者:徐浩轩（2000—），男，东北石油大学在读硕士研究生，研究方向为油气成藏与保存。地址：（163000）黑龙江省大庆市龙凤区黎明街道地球科学学院710室。Email:2293412324@qq.com。
  • 通信作者: 付广
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“断砂配置侧向分流运聚油气机理及有利部位识别研究”(42072157)

Determination of hydrocarbon accumulation time of Guantao Formation in the south slope of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

XU Haoxuan1,2(), FU Guang1,2()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China
    2 School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2026-03-01 Revised:2026-05-07 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-06
  • Contact: FU Guang E-mail:2293412324@qq.com;fuguang2008@126.com

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摘要：

基于地震、钻井、测井及地球化学分析测试等资料，提出了一套厘定砂-断输导油气至浅层成藏时间厘定方法，明确了沙一下亚段砂体-赵北断裂输导油至馆陶组成藏的时间，并对该时间与馆陶组及其上部储层的油气分布关系进行了分析。研究结果表明：①砂-断输导油气至浅层成藏时间厘定方法是，将砂体形成时间、砂体上覆泥岩盖层封闭性形成时长（泥岩盖层封闭指数和砂体封闭指数相等时所对应的时间至今）、砂体倾斜时间（末次断裂活动期间）、烃源岩排烃时间进行叠合，叠合时间为砂体输导油气时间；通过恢复各地质时期泥岩盖层古厚度、断裂古断距参数，求取两者差值，即为各时期泥岩盖层古断留厚度，断裂切穿泥岩盖层所需最大断留厚度对应时间至断裂活动终止时间为断裂输导油气时间；砂体输导油气时间、断裂输导油气时间的叠合时间即为砂-断输导油气至浅层成藏时间。②研究区沙一下亚段砂体通道输导油气时间为明化镇组沉积时期；赵北断裂同时切穿沙一中亚段、东二段泥岩盖层时间为明化镇组沉积中期—明化镇组沉积结束；沙一下亚段砂体-赵北断裂输导油至浅层馆陶组成藏时间为明化镇组沉积中期—明化镇组沉积结束，该结论与馆陶组流体包裹体均一温度结合埋藏史-热史得到的油气充注时间一致。③研究区沙一下亚段砂体-赵北断裂向馆陶组输导油时间有限，是目前赵北断裂处馆陶组油气赋存规模有限的根本原因；赵北断裂未切穿明化镇组泥岩盖层，明化镇组之上无油气成藏。

关键词: 砂-断油气输导体系, 浅层成藏, 断裂活动期, 封闭指数, 赵北断裂, 沙一下亚段, 馆陶组, 歧口凹陷, 渤海湾盆地

Abstract:

Based on seismic, drilling, well logging and geochemical testing and analysis, the method for determining the accumulation time of hydrocarbon transported by sandstone-fault system to shallow layers was proposed. The accumulation time of oil transported by the lower submember of the first member of Shahejie Formation （Es1x） sandbody-Zhaobei Fault transport system to Guantao Formation was clarified, and the relationship between the accumulation time and hydrocarbon distribution of Guantao Formation and its upper reservoirs was analyzed.Research results show that: （1） The method for determining the accumulation time of hydrocarbon transported by sandstone-fault system to shallow reservoirs is as follows: the hydrocarbon transport time of sandbody is obtained by superimposing the formation time of sandbody, the duration of sealing capacity of overlying mudstone caprock (the period from the synchronization of mudstone and sandbody sealing indices to present), the sandbody tilting time during the last fault activity, and the hydrocarbon expulsion time of source rock. By restoring the paleo-thickness of mudstone caprock and paleo-fault throws of faults in different geological periods, and calculating their difference, the paleo-residual thickness of mudstone caprock in each period can be obtained. The hydrocarbon migration time of fault is the time interval from the time corresponding to the maximum residual thickness required for the fault to penetrate mudstone caprocks, to the termination of fault activity. The superposition of hydrocarbon transport time by sandbody and by fault is the final accumulation time of hydrocarbon transported by sand-fault system to shallow layers. （2） In the study area, the hydrocarbon migration time through the sandbody pathway of Es1x is the sedimentary period of Minghuazhen Formation. The time when Zhaobei Fault simultaneously cut through mudstone caprocks of the middle submember of the first member of Shahejie Formation (Es1z) and the second member of Dongying Formation (Ed2) was from the middle sedimentary period to the end of Minghuazhen Formation. The accumulation time of oil transported to the shallow Guantao Formation via Es1x sandbody-Zhaobei Fault system was from the middle sedimentary period to the end of Minghuazhen Formation, which is consistent with the hydrocarbon charging time obtained from the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in Guantao Formation combined with burial-thermal history. （3） The limited duration of oil transportation to Guantao Formation via Es1x sandbody-Zhaobei Fault system in the study area, is the fundamental reason for the current restricted occurrence scale of hydrocarbon in Guantao Formation near Zhaobei Fault. Zhaobei Fault did not cut through the mudstone caprock of Minghuazhen Formation, so there is no hydrocarbon accumulation above Minghuazhen Formation.

Key words: sandstone-fault hydrocarbon transport system, shallow reservoir accumulation, fault activity period, sealing index, Zhaobei Fault, the lower submember of the first member of Shahejie Formation, Guantao Formation, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1

图1

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷赵北断裂位置（a）及岩性地层综合柱状图（b）"

图2

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷赵北断裂及周围古近系沙一下亚段和新近系馆陶组油气分布特征（a）及地震剖面特征（b）"

图3

砂-断油气输导体系示意图"

图4

砂体及其上覆泥岩盖层的封闭性数随时间变化关系"

图5

断裂活动期、烃源岩排烃时间叠合图"

图6

断裂切穿泥岩盖层的起始时间示意图"

图7

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡沙一中亚段泥岩盖层、沙一下亚段砂体的封闭指数随时间变化关系"

图8

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡赵北断裂活动时间和歧口主凹沙三段源岩供油气时间叠合图"

图9

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡赵北断裂切穿过沙一中亚段泥岩盖层、东二段泥岩盖层的空间位置图"

图10

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡赵北断裂切穿沙一中亚段泥岩盖层、东二段泥岩盖层起始时间示意图"

图11

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡沙一下亚段砂体-赵北断裂输导油至浅层馆陶组成藏时间厘定图"

图12

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部斜坡沙一下亚段砂体-赵北断裂输导油至浅层馆陶组路径分布模式"

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