川北米仓山地区寒武系仙女洞组碳酸盐岩储集特征及主控因素

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250405

Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 50-62.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250405

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles

Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate rock of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in Micangshan area， northern Sichuan Basin

XING Qian¹, LI Yangfan², LI Xiang^2,3, WAN Ziqian², LI Yalan²

1. Graduate School of Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
2. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-03-24 Published:2025-07-05

Abstract

Abstract: Cambrian marine carbonates in Sichuan Basin host high-quality source rocks and widely develop reservoirs，making resource potential there a key point for hydrocarbon exploration and development. The reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in northern Sichuan Basin were systematically studied through sedimentology and geochemical analyses. The results show that：（1）During the sedimentory period of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in northern Sichuan Basin， a sedimentary system of mixed tidal flat-platform depression-carbonate platform was developed. The carbonate dominated reservoir rocks are oolitic limestone and microbial rocks，all of which have undergone varying degrees of dolomitization. The reservoir spaces are intergranular（dissolution）pores，intragranular（dissolution）pores，intercrystalline（dissolution）pores，dissolution pores，fractures，and biological skeleton pores. The regional physical property data show that Xiannüdong Formation in northern Sichuan Basin is a low-porosity and low-permeability porous reservoir.（2）With the continuous development and northward migration of the paleo-rift zone in central and northern Sichuan Basin，Xiannüdong Formation inherited the paleogeographical framework of low in the center（rift zone）and high on both sides，and developed a sedimentary system of mixed tidal flat-platform depressioncarbonate platform. The geomorphology of the paleo-rift and paleo-uplift controlled the distribution of favorable facies zones and the development of high-quality reservoirs.（3）The sedimentary environment of high-energy oolitic shoals and microbial reefs（mounds）is the material foundation for the reservoir formation in the study area. Oolitic limestone，oolitic dolomite，and dolomite are relatively high-quality reservoirs，with stable layer distribution and wide lateral distribution，preserving a small amount of primary pores and developing a large number of dissolution pores and intergranular pores.（4）Multi-stage dissolution and dolomitization are the primary drivers of reservoir space creation in the study area. The dissolution of atmospheric freshwater during the syndiagenetic stage and the dissolution of pore fluids during the diagenetic stage，create intergranular dissolution pores，intragranular dissolution pores，intercrystalline dissolution pores，and dissolution fractures.The formation of microcrystallinefine crystalline anhedral dolomite by syndiagenesis seepage-reflux mechanism，the selective replacement of oolites by powder-crystalline rhombic dolomite developed in shallow-buried mixed-water condition，the fog-centered bright-edged euhedral dolomite and coarse-crystalline saddle dolomite formed in deep buried or tectonic hydrothermal environments， develop a large number of pores and promote the formation of reservoir space.

Key words: oolitic limestone, microbial rock, intercrystalline pores, dissolution pores, paleogeomorphology, granular beach, dissolution, dolomitization, Xiannüdong Formation, Cambrian, Micangshan area, northern Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

XING Qian, LI Yangfan, LI Xiang, WAN Ziqian, LI Yalan. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate rock of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in Micangshan area， northern Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(4): 50-62.

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Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate rock of Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in Micangshan area， northern Sichuan Basin

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