岩性油气藏 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 175–186.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20220118

• 论坛与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

沸石类矿物成因及其对储层储集性能的影响

王涛1,2, 张生银1, 魏璞3, 李俊飞3, 郭晖1, 张顺存1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 中国石油新疆油田分公司石西油田作业区, 新疆克拉玛依 834000
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-30 修回日期:2021-08-16 发布日期:2022-01-21
  • 作者简介:王涛(1994-),男,中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读硕士研究生,研究方向为储层地质学与储层地球化学。地址:(730000)甘肃省兰州市城关区东岗西路382号。Email:wangtao192@mails.ucas.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“富火山岩岩屑砂砾岩储层中沸石类自生矿物的形成条件和溶蚀机理及其对储层物性的影响”（编号：41872145）资助

Genesis of zeolite minerals and its influences on reservoir properties

WANG Tao1,2, ZHANG Shengyin1, WEI Pu3, LI Junfei3, GUO Hui1, ZHANG Shuncun1   

  1. 1. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Shixi Oilfield Operation District, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2021-06-30 Revised:2021-08-16 Published:2022-01-21

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摘要： 近年来，国内油气田的勘探开发中发现了大量沸石类矿物，为了研究沸石类矿物成因及其对储层的影响，对国内外主要沉积盆地发育的沸石种类、发育的条件及控制因素、沸石类矿物对储层的影响进行了综述。结果表明：①含油气沉积盆地中主要发育方沸石、片沸石、浊沸石和斜发沸石。②盆地中沸石成因可以分为火山玻璃质水岩反应、湖相热水沉积以及盐碱性河流-湖泊成因等3种类型，准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系、四川盆地中侏罗统、鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统、塔里木盆地古近系、柴达木盆地古近系至新近系和松辽盆地白垩系储层中沸石类矿物的成因为火山玻璃质水岩反应；准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷和石树沟凹陷二叠系、三塘湖盆地石炭系至二叠系、渤海湾盆地西部凹陷古近系、酒泉盆地白垩系、二连盆地下白垩统储层中沸石类矿物的成因为湖湘热水沉积；渤海湾盆地黄骅凹陷古近系储层中的沸石类矿物则是盐碱性河流-湖泊成因。③沸石的生成多发生在碱性环境中，水体中的K+，Ca2+，Na+，Mg2+等离子与温度控制生成沸石的种类，压力控制沸石的含水量使得高压环境下生成含水量较少的沸石。④沸石在成岩作用早期充填孔隙并起到一定的支撑作用，后期在有机酸的作用下溶蚀形成次生孔隙，可改善储层的储集性能。该研究成果可为我国含沸石盆地油气勘探和储层改造方案提供参考。

关键词: 沸石类矿物, 储集性能, 碱性环境, 温压条件, 次生孔隙, 含油气盆地

Abstract: In recent years,a large number of zeolite minerals have been discovered in the exploration and development of domestic oil and gas fields. In order to study the genesis of zeolite minerals and its influences on reservoirs,the zeolite types,development conditions and controlling factors in sedimentary basins,and the influences of zeolite minerals on reservoir were reviewed. The results show that:(1) Analcime,heulandite,laumontite and clinoptilolite are mainly developed in petroliferous sedimentary basins.(2) The genesis of zeolite can be divided into three types:volcanic vitreous water-rock reaction,lacustrine hydrothermal deposition and saline-alkaline riverlake. In China,the genesis of zeolite minerals in the Permian reservoirs in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin,the Middle Jurassic in Sichuan Basin,the Upper Triassic in Ordos Basin,the Paleogene in Tarim Basin, the Paleogene to Neogene in Qaidam Basin and the Cretaceous in Songliao Basin are volcanic vitreous waterrock reaction. The zeolite minerals of Permian in Jimusar Sag and Shishugou Sag,Carboniferous to Permian in Santanghu Basin of Junggar Basin,Paleogene in Western Sag of Bohai Bay Basin,Cretaceous in Jiuquan Basin and Lower Cretaceous in Erlian Basin are derived from lacustrine hydrothermal deposition. Zeolite minerals of Paleogene reservoirs in Huanghua Sag of Bohai Bay Basin is saline-alkaline river-lake genesis.(3) The generation of zeolite occurs in alkaline environment,K+,Ca2+,Na+,Mg2+ plasma in water and temperature control of the types of zeolite,and pressure controls water content of zeolite,which makes the formation of zeolite under high pressure environment with less water content.(4) Zeolite minerals filled pores and played a certain supporting role in the early stage of diagenesis,and later dissolved under the action of organic acid to form secondary pores,which can improve reservoir properties. The research results can provide references for oil and gas exploration and reservoir reconstruction schemes zeolite-bearing basins in China.

Key words: zeolite minerals, reservoir properties, alkaline environment, temperature-pressure conditions, secondary pores, petroliferous basins

中图分类号: 

  • TE132
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