岩性油气藏 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 3443.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20190504
马永平1, 王国栋1, 张献文2, 潘树新1, 黄林军1, 陈永波1, 郭娟娟1
MA Yongping1, WANG Guodong1, ZHANG Xianwen2, PAN Shuxin1, HUANG Linjun1, CHEN Yongbo1, GUO Juanjuan1
摘要: 近源扇三角洲粗粒砂砾岩体往往沉积规律复杂,具有块状构造、砾石大小混杂、粒径变化大、泥质杂基含量高、物性整体偏差且横向变化快等特征,导致对该类致密砂砾岩油气富集规律的区带评价及勘探目标的落实难度大。基于井-震一体化研究方法,通过三维地震、铸体薄片、岩石物性及地球化学等资料,对准噶尔盆地西北缘夏子街组沉积相划分、岩石学特征、物性规律、孔隙类型及成岩作用进行分析,认为夏子街组砂砾岩储层成分成熟度及结构成熟度均低,孔隙类型主要为次生溶蚀孔,保留少量残余粒间孔,物性整体较差。利用孔隙度演化定量分析方法,建立了准噶尔盆地西北缘夏子街组粗粒沉积孔隙演化模式。结果表明,准噶尔盆地西北缘夏子街组孔隙的演化先后经历了快速压实、早期胶结、有机酸溶蚀及晚期碳酸盐胶结等4个成岩阶段。在快速压实阶段,强烈的机械压实导致原始孔隙急剧减少,孔隙度由29.8%下降至15.1%;成岩早期形成的黏土、杂基及沸石类胶结物对储集空间造成破坏,孔隙度平均减小6.5%;有机酸溶蚀是对储层物性起关键改善的成岩作用,主要是对沸石类胶结物形成溶蚀,孔隙度由早期胶结后的8.6%增至12.1%,同时溶蚀作用与烃源岩的主要排烃期相吻合,有利于油气的有效充注;成岩晚期随埋深加大,压溶作用增强,硅质及碳酸盐胶结物相继沉淀,使颗粒支撑方式由点—线接触演变为线接触为主,储层物性再次变差,孔隙度损失约3.4%,一系列复杂的成岩作用下演变为现今的致密砂砾岩储层,孔隙度约8.7%。该研究成果可为研究区夏子街组储层预测提供参考。
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