岩性油气藏 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 70–78.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20230407

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种基于压缩感知理论的强反射地震信号消减方法

李胜军1, 高建虎1, 张繁昌2, 贺东阳1, 桂金咏1   

  1. 1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院, 兰州 730020;
    2. 中国石油大学 (华东)地球科学与技术学院, 山东 青岛 266580
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-08 修回日期:2022-12-04 出版日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2023-07-01
  • 第一作者:李胜军(1979-),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事地震波传播理论与储层预测方法研究。地址:(730020) 甘肃省兰州市城关区雁儿湾路535号。Email:li_sj@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油股份公司前瞻性基础性战略性技术攻关项目“复杂气藏地震识别与预测技术研究”（编号：2021DJ0606）与中国石油勘探生产分公司科技项目“薄储层全频处理方法研究与目标精细刻画技术攻关实验”（编号：2022KT1503）联合资助。

A strong seismic energy reduction method under compressed sensing

LI Shengjun1, GAO Jianhu1, ZHANG Fanchang2, HE Dongyang1, GUI Jinyong1   

  1. 1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
  • Received:2022-10-08 Revised:2022-12-04 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-01

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摘要： 基于压缩感知理论，根据强、弱反射之间子波干涉机理，提出了逼近任意强反射波形的动态字典强反射分解方法和基于屏蔽函数的强反射消减方法。利用数值模型和强反射波形横向变化大的物理模型验证了该方法的有效性，并在川中古隆起构造带中部二叠系茅口组二段进行了实际应用。研究结果表明： ①相比常规去强反射方法，基于屏蔽函数的强反射消减方法处理后，地震同相轴横向连续性更好，强反射同相轴消减得更彻底，被强反射屏蔽的块状砂体弱反射突显出来，同时该方法对层位的依赖低，不需要准确的强反射层位数据，可将时窗范围内的强反射一次处理完成。②基于屏蔽函数的强反射消减方法在砂体与强反射层距离小于λ（波长）且大于λ/4时，消除效果较好，强反射可完全去除，弱反射完全显现；当砂体与强反射层距离小于λ/4时，消除效果较差，砂体与强反射层距离越小（小于λ/8时），效果越差。③该方法在川中古隆起构造带中部二叠系茅口组二段应用效果较好，储层距离强放射层小于λ/4的井区，储层弱反射得以显现，储层距离强放射层大于1/4波长的井区，储层响应得到增强。

关键词: 强反射消减, 地震信号分解, 压缩感知, 屏蔽函数, 动态字典, 信号增强, 储层预测

Abstract: Based on the compressive sensing（CS）theory and the wavelet interference mechanism between strong and weak reflections，a dynamic dictionary strong reflection decomposition method by approximating arbitrary strong reflection waveforms and a strong reflection reduction method based on shielding function were proposed. The validity of the methods was verified using numerical models and physical models with large lateral variations of strongly reflected waveforms. The methods have been practically applied in the second member of Permian Maokou Formation in the central uplift tectonic zone of central Sichuan Basin. The results show that：（1）Compared with the conventional de-strong reflection method，the strong reflection reduction method based on shielding function has better lateral continuity of the seismic event，the strong reflection event is more thoroughly reduced， and the weak reflection of the blocky sand body shielded by the strong reflection is revealed. At the same time， the method has low dependence on the horizon and can process the strong reflection within the time window at one time without accurate strong reflection horizon data.（2）The strong reflection reduction method based on shielding function has a better elimination effect when the distance between the sand body and the strong reflection layer is less than λ（wavelength）and greater than λ/4. The strong reflection can be completely removed and the weak reflection is completely revealed. When the distance between the sand body and the strong reflection layer is less than λ/4，the elimination effect is poor. When the distance between the sand body and the strong reflection layer is less than λ/8，the elimination effect is worse.（3）This method is better applied in the second member of Permian Maokou Formation in the central uplift tectonic zone of central Sichuan Basin. The weak reflection of the reservoir is revealed when the distance between the reservoir and the strong reflection layer is less than λ/4. The reservoir response is enhanced when the distance between the reservoir and the strong reflection layer is greater than λ/4.

Key words: strong reflection reduction, seismic signal decomposition, compressed sensing, shielding function, dynamic dictionary, signal enhancement, reservoir prediction

中图分类号: 

  • TE319
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