致密油藏体积压裂水平井参数优化研究

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20180417

岩性油气藏 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 140–148.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20180417

致密油藏体积压裂水平井参数优化研究

苏皓^1,2, 雷征东², 张荻萩³, 李俊超², 鞠斌山¹, 张泽人⁴

1. 中国地质大学 (北京)能源学院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
3. 中国石油经济技术研究院, 北京 100724;
4. 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司, 河北涿州 072750

收稿日期:2017-12-20 修回日期:2018-03-04 出版日期:2018-07-21 发布日期:2018-07-21
第一作者:苏皓(1990-),男,中国地质大学(北京)在读博士研究生,研究方向为低渗透油田开发理论和方法。地址:(100083)北京市海淀区学院路29号中国地质大学(北京)能源学院。Email:suhao0912@qq.com。
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重大科技专项“低渗、特低渗油藏水驱扩大波及体积方法与关键技术”（编号：2017ZX05013-002）资助

Volume fracturing parameters optimization of horizontal well in tight reservoir

SU Hao^1,2, LEI Zhengdong², ZHANG Diqiu³, LI Junchao², JU Binshan¹, ZHANG Zeren⁴

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
3. PetroChina Research Institute of Economics & Technology, Beijing 100724, China;
4. Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting, PetroChina, Zhuozhou 072750, China

Received:2017-12-20 Revised:2018-03-04 Online:2018-07-21 Published:2018-07-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “水平井+体积压裂”技术是获取致密性储层中工业油流的重要手段。为了对影响体积压裂水平井开发效果的参数进行优化设计，基于离散裂缝模型的数值模拟方法，采用更为灵活的非结构化网格，建立了体积压裂水平井模拟模型，经Eclipse软件及矿场实际井资料验证该模型可靠性较高，可准确地表征复杂裂缝的几何参数和描述流体在裂缝中的流动。利用长庆油田某致密油藏实际参数，对水平井方位、布缝方式、段间距、簇间距、改造体积等参数进行了优化设计，结果表明：当水平井方位与天然裂缝平行时，开发效果最好；根据累计产量的大小，哑铃型布缝方式优于交错型、均匀型、纺锤型布缝方式；段间距应大于相邻2段的泄油半径之和，避免段间干扰；簇间距应尽可能大，但要小于天然裂缝平均缝长；当改造体积一定时，细长形状的改造区域比短粗形状的改造区域开发效果更好，当工艺上难以增加压裂裂缝长度时，可通过增加段内簇数改善开发效果，簇数越多，初期累计产量越高，但最优簇数取决于开采时间的长短。研究结果可为致密油藏体积压裂水平井造缝设计提供依据。

关键词: 径向井压裂, 蒸汽吞吐, 产能, 裂缝形态

Abstract: The technique combining horizontal well with volume fracturing is an important way to obtain commercial oil flow in tight reservoir. In order to optimize the volume fracturing parameters of horizontal well which influence its development effects,based on the numerical simulation method of discrete fracture model,the more flexible unstructured grid was used to establish simulation models of volume fracturing for horizontal well, which can explicitly characterize the geometric parameters of complex fractures and the flows inside,verified by the Eclipse software and the actual mine well data. By referring to the parameters of tight reservoir in Changqing Oilfield,the parameters of the horizontal well such as orientation,fracture arrangement,stage spacing,cluster spacing and SRV were optimized. The results show that the development effect is best when the orientation of horizontal well is parallel to the orientation of natural fractures. The optimal sorting of fracture arrangement type is dumbbell-type,staggered-type,uniform-type and spindle-type. The stage spacing should be longer than sum of drainage radius of both two adjacent stages,so as to eliminate the interference among the stages. The cluster spacing should be as long as possible without excess the average length of natural fractures. When SRV is constant,the longer the length of stimulated areas,the better the development effect will be. When the length of the stimulated fracture is difficult to increase restricted by technology,increasing the number of cluster could improve the well productivity as well,and the more clusters there are,the highest of initial cumulative production can be expected,nevertheless,the optimal cluster number depends on well planned production time. The research results can provide a basis for the design of fractured horizontal wells in tight reservoirs.

Key words: radial well fracturing, steam soak, deliverability, fracture morphology

中图分类号:

TE319

苏皓, 雷征东, 张荻萩, 李俊超, 鞠斌山, 张泽人. 致密油藏体积压裂水平井参数优化研究[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(4): 140–148.

SU Hao, LEI Zhengdong, ZHANG Diqiu, LI Junchao, JU Binshan, ZHANG Zeren. Volume fracturing parameters optimization of horizontal well in tight reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2018, 30(4): 140–148.

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致密油藏体积压裂水平井参数优化研究

Volume fracturing parameters optimization of horizontal well in tight reservoir

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