川西前陆盆地超压分布及成因机制

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20190604

岩性油气藏 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 36–43.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20190604

川西前陆盆地超压分布及成因机制

王志宏^1,2, 郝翠果¹, 李建明^3,4, 冯真芝⁵, 黄昌武¹

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国石油天然气集团有限公司天然气成藏与开发重点实验室, 河北廊坊 065007;
3. 长江大学地球科学学院, 武汉 430100;
4. 非常规油气湖北省协同创新中心, 武汉 430100;
5. 中国石油华北油田分公司第三采油厂, 河北沧州 062450

收稿日期:2019-05-05 修回日期:2019-07-09 出版日期:2019-11-21 发布日期:2019-09-28
通讯作者: 李建明(1962-),男,教授,主要从事储层沉积学和地球化学方面的研究。Email:ljm@yangtzeu.edu.cn。 E-mail:ljm@yangtzeu.edu.cn
作者简介:王志宏(1976-),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事天然气地质综合研究。地址:(065007)河北省廊坊市广阳区中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊院区。Email:wzh2331@sina.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"大型气田成藏机制、富集规律与勘探新领域"（编号：2016ZX05007-003）资助

Distribution and genetic mechanism of overpressure in western Sichuan foreland basin

WANG Zhihong^1,2, HAO Cuiguo¹, LI Jianming^3,4, FENG Zhenzhi⁵, HUANG Changwu¹

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Gas Reservoir Formation and Development, CNPC, Langfang 065007, Hebei, China;
3. School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
4. Unconventional Oil and Gas Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430100, China;
5. No.3 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Cangzhou 062450, Hebei, China

Received:2019-05-05 Revised:2019-07-09 Online:2019-11-21 Published:2019-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地层超压为油气运聚的主要动力之一。为研究川西地区三叠系-侏罗系超压体系的分布、成因机制及其对天然气成藏的贡献作用，开展了以岩石综合压实模型和差应力模型为基础的成因机制定量研究。结果表明：①川西地区上三叠统-侏罗系的超压在垂向上的分布存在4种形式：钟形、纺锤形、阶梯形和复合型，分别分布于推覆体前缘、川西南、川西北和中部地区，前2种对流体的保存能力较弱，而后2种对流体具有较强的封存能力。②中部、北部为上三叠统的超压中心，而侏罗系的超压中心位于中部地区，超压强度向四周递减，龙门山前缘地区维持静水压力。③川西地区地层压力的发展经历了沉积超压发展阶段（晚三叠世-始新世）和构造超压发展阶段（渐新世-现今），其中晚三叠世-早白垩世为沉积超压增压阶段，晚白垩世-始新世为沉积超压消散阶段。④现今的超压由残余沉积超压和构造挤压增压叠加而成，中部和北部地区的超压成因中，构造挤压增压的贡献占比为30%~60%，而南部则大多由构造挤压增压所致。残余沉积超压主要由燕山中、晚期的生烃作用形成。该研究成果对寻找超压型油气藏具有指导意义。

关键词: 超压型油气藏, 沉积增压, 生烃增压, 构造挤压增压, 前陆盆地, 川西地区

Abstract: Formation overpressure is one of the main driving forces for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. In order to study the distribution and genetic mechanism of the Triassic-Jurassic overpressure system and its contribution to natural gas reservoir formation in western Sichuan,a quantitative study on the genetic mechanism based on comprehensive compaction models and differential stress models was carried out. The results show that:(1)There are four types of overpressure distributed vertically in the Upper Triassic-Jurassic in western Sichuan:bell-shaped,spindle-shaped,step-shaped and composite type,which are distributed in the front edge of nappe,southwest Sichuan,northwest Sichuan and central Sichuan respectively. The first two types have a weak preservation ability of fluids,while the latter two ones have a strong storage retention ability to fluids.(2)The central and northern parts are the center of the overpressure zone in the Upper Triassic strata,while the overpressure center in the Jurassic strata is in the central area with the abnormal amplitudes descending to its periphery areas, and the hydrostatic pressure is maintained in the piedmont area of the Longmen Mountains.(3)The development of abnormal formation pressure in western Sichuan Basin has undergone the stages of sedimentary overpressure (Late Triassic-Eocene)and tectonic overpressure(Oligocene to present),of which the Late Triassic-Early Cretaceous is the supercharging stage of the sedimentary overpressure,and the Late Cretaceous-Eocene is the dissipation stage of the sedimentary overpressure.(4)The present overpressure is superimposed by residual sedimentary overpressure and overpressure resulted from tectonic compression. For the overpressure in the central and northern regions,the contribution of tectonic compression pressurization is 30% to 60%,while the overpressure in the south is mostly caused by the tectonic compression pressurization. The residual sedimentary overpressure is mainly formed by hydrocarbon generation in the middle and late stages of Yanshanian movement period. The research results have guiding significance for finding overpressure reservoirs.

Key words: overpressure reservoirs, sedimentary pressurization, hydrocarbon generation pressurization, tectonic compression pressurization, foreland basin, western Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.1

王志宏, 郝翠果, 李建明, 冯真芝, 黄昌武. 川西前陆盆地超压分布及成因机制[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2019, 31(6): 36–43.

WANG Zhihong, HAO Cuiguo, LI Jianming, FENG Zhenzhi, HUANG Changwu. Distribution and genetic mechanism of overpressure in western Sichuan foreland basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(6): 36–43.

参考文献

[1] HUNT J M. Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments. AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(1):1-12.
[2] 金之钧,谢方克.中国典型含油气盆地地层特征.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(6):1-6. JIN Z J,XIE F K. Distribution features of formation pressure in typical petroliferous basin of China. Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Natural Science Edition),2002,26(6):1-6.
[3] 解习农,王增明.盆地流体动力学及其研究进展.沉积学报, 2003,21(3):19-23. XIE X N,WANG Z M. Dynamics of basin fluid and its advances. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):19-23.
[4] 郝芳,邹华耀,倪建华,等.沉积盆地超压系统演化与深层油气成藏条件. 地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):610-615. HAO F,ZOU H Y,NI J H,et al. Evolution of overpressure systems in sedimentary basins and conditions for deep oil/gas accumulation. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002,27(5):610-615.
[5] 郝芳,董伟良. 沉积盆地超压系统演化、流体流动与成藏机理.地球科学进展,2001,16(1):79-85. HAO F,DONG W L. Evolution of fluid flow and petroleum accumulation in overpressured systems in sedimentary basins. Advance in Earth Science,2001,16(1):79-85.
[6] 郝芳,邹华耀,姜建群.油气成藏动力学及其研究进展.地学前缘,2000,7(3):11-21. HAO F,ZOU H Y,JIANG J Q. Dynamics of petroleum accumulation and its advances. Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):11-21.
[7] 王志宏,李建明.饶阳凹陷异常高压与油气成藏关系.岩性油气藏,2014,26(6):15-19. WANG Z H,LI J M. Abnormal high pressure and its relation to hydrocarbon accumulation in Raoyang Sag. Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(6):15-19.
[8] 黄成刚,倪祥龙,马新民,等. 致密湖相碳酸盐岩油气富集模式及稳产、高产主控因素.西北大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 47(5):724-738. HUANG C G,NI X L,MA X M,et al. Petroleum and gas enrichment pattern and major controlling factors of stable and high production of tight lacustrine carbonate rock reservoirs:a case study of the Yingxi area in Qaidam Basin. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2017,47(5):724-738.
[9] 罗晓容,杨计海,王振峰.盆地内渗透性地层超压形成机制及钻前压力预测.地质论评,2000,46(1):22-31. LUO X R,YANG J H,WANG Z F. The overpressuring mechanisms in aquifers and pressure prediction in basins. Geological Review,2000,46(1):22-31.
[10] 王晓琴,吴聚,冉艳,等.非线性渗流对异常高压气藏产能的影响. 岩性油气藏,2012,24(4):125-128. WANG X Q,WU J,RAN Y,et al. Influence of non-liner flow on productivity of abnormal high pressure gas reservoir. Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(4):125-128.
[11] 贝东.四川盆地川西坳陷高异常地层压力分布特征.矿物岩石,1995,15(1):58-62. BEI D. Distributing characteristics of abnormal pressure in the West Sichuan Depression of Sichuan Basin. Mineralogy and Petrology,1995,15(1):58-62.
[12] 吴世祥,汪泽成,张林,等.川西前陆盆地勘探思路分析.石油与天然气地质,2001,22(3):210-216. WU S X,WANG Z C,ZHANG L,et al. Exploration strategy for the foreland basin in Western Sichuan. Oil & Gas Geology, 2001,22(3):210-216.
[13] 何志国,王信,黎从军,等.川西坳陷碎屑岩超压储层与油气关系研究.天然气勘探与开发,2001,24(4):6-15. HE Z G,WANG X,LI C J,et al. The relationship between the pressure formation in clasolite reservoirs and gas accumulation. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2001,24(4):6-15.
[14] 冷济高,杨克明,杨宇.川西坳陷孝泉-丰谷构造带须家河组超压与天然气成藏关系研究. 石油实验地质,2011,33(6):574-579. LENG J G,YANG K M,YANG Y. Relationship between natural gas accumulation and overpressure in Xujiahe Formation, Xiaoquan-Fenggu structural belt,Western Sichuan Depression. Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(6):574-579.
[15] 徐国盛,曾凡刚.致密碎屑岩储层天然气成藏的古压控制作用.石油与天然气地质,1996,17(3):243-250. XU G S,ZENG F G. Control of paleopressure over natural gas formation in tight clasolite reservoirs. Oil & Gas Geology,1996, 17(3):243-250.
[16] 徐国盛,刘中平.川西地区上三叠统地层古压力形成与演化的数值模拟.石油实验地质,1996,18(1):117-126. XU G S,LIU Z P. Mathematical modeling on the development and evolution of the paleo-formatiom-pressure in the upper Triassic,west Sichuan Basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 1996,18(1):117-126.
[17] 刘斌,贝东,王菁.四川盆地西北部陆相地层异常高压的形成与演化.天然气工业,1995,15(3):8-11. LIU B,BEI D,WANG J. Forming and evolution of abnormal high pressure in terrestrial formation in northwest part of Sichuan Basin. Natural Gas Industry,1995,15(3):8-11.
[18] 张闻林,何颋婷,文龙,等. 川西北地区上三叠统异常高压探讨.天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(2):7-12. ZHANG W L,HE T T,WEN L,et al. The discuss of abnormal pressure in Upper Triassic in northwest Sichuan Basin. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2002,25(2):7-12.
[19] 罗晓容.前陆盆地异常流体压力:地质作用及其增压效应.地质科学,2013,48(1):32-49. LUO X R. Overpressuring in foreland basin:Geological affects and their efficiency. Chinese Journal of Geology,2013,48(1):32-49.
[20] OSBORNE M J,SWARBRICK R E. Mechanisms for generation overpressure in sedimentary basins:a reevaluation. AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(6):1023-1041.
[21] 刘晓峰,解习农.储层超压流体系统的成因机制述评.地质科技情报,2003,22(3):55-60. LIU X F,XIE X N. Review on formation mechanism of the reservoir overpressure fluid system. Geological Science and Technology Information,2003,22(3):55-60.
[22] 万志峰,夏斌,何家雄,等.沉积盆地超压形成机制及其对油气运聚成藏过程的影响.天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):219222. WAN Z F,XIA B,HE J X,et al. Formation mechanism of overpressure and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation in sedimentary basins. Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):219-222.
[23] 王震亮,李耀华,张健. 川西地区上三叠统异常流体压力的主要形成机制.石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):43-50. WANG Z L,LI Y H,ZHANG J. Analysis on main formation mechanisms of abnormal fluid pressure in the Upper Triassic, west Sichuan area. Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(1):43-50.
[24] 李传亮. 地层抬升会导致异常高压吗? 岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):124-126. LI C L. Can uplift result in abnormal high pressure in formation? Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(2):124-126.
[25] 瞿建华,王泽胜,任本兵,等.准噶尔盆地环玛湖斜坡区异常高压成因机理分析及压力预测方法. 岩性油气藏,2014,26(5):36-39. QU J H,WANG Z S,REN B B,et al. Genetic mechanism analysis and prediction method of abnormal high pressure in Mahu slope area,Junggar Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(5):36-39.
[26] 黄丽飞,楼章华,陈明玉,等.川西坳陷新场构造带须家河组超压演化与流体的关系.地质通报,2018,37(5):954-964. HUANG L F,LOU Z H,CHEN M Y,et al. A study of the coupling relationship between overpressure evolution and formation water of Xujiahe Formation in Xincang structure area,west Sichuan Depression. Geological Bulletin of China,2018,37(5):954-964.
[27] 曾联波,周天伟,吕修祥.构造挤压对库车坳陷异常地层压力的影响.地质论评,2004,50(5):471-475. ZENG L B,ZHOU T W,LYU X X. Influence of tectonic compression on the abnormal formation pressure in the Kuqa Depression. Geological Review,2004,50(5):471-475.
[28] 夏新宇,曾凡刚,宋岩.构造抬升是异常高压的成因吗? 石油实验地质,2002,24(6):496-500. XIA X Y,ZENG F G,SONG Y. Is tectonic uplifting the genesis of abnormal highpressure? Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2002,24(6):496-500.
[29] LUO X R,GUY V. Modeling of pore pressure evolution associated with sedimentation and uplift in sedimentary basins. Basin Research,1995,7(1):35-52.
[30] 史洪亮,杨克明,王同. 川西坳陷须五段致密砂岩与泥页岩储层特征及控制因素.岩性油气藏,2017,29(4):38-46. SHI H L,YANG K M,WANG T. Characteristics and controlling factors of tight sandstone and shale reservoirs of the fifth member of Xujiahe Formation in the Western Sichuan Depression. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(4):38-46.
[31] 章惠,关达,向雪梅,等. 川东北元坝东部须四段裂缝型致密砂岩储层预测. 岩性油气藏,2018,30(1):133-139. ZHANG H,GUAN D,XIANG X M,et al. Prediction for fractured tight sandstone reservoir of Xu 4 member in eastern Yuanba area,northeastern Sichuan Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018, 30(1):133-139.
[32] 邓浩阳,司马立强,吴玟,等.致密砂岩储层孔隙结构分形研究与渗透率计算:以川西坳陷蓬莱镇组、沙溪庙组储层为例. 岩性油气藏,2018,30(6):76-82. DENG H Y,SIMA L Q,WU W,et al. Fractal characteristics of pore structure and permeability calculation for tight sandstone reservoirs:a case of Penglaizhen Formation and Shaximiao Formation in Western Sichuan Depression. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2018,30(6):76-82.
[33] 汪时成,张金川,贾庆素.川西坳陷异常高压形成机理与天然气分布关系研究.天然气工业,2004,24(3):5-8. WANG S C,ZHANG J C,JIA Q S. Formation mechanism of abnormal formation pressures in west Sichuan depression and its relation to the distribution of natural gas. Natural Gas Industry, 2004,24(3):5-8.
[34] 郭迎春,庞雄奇,陈冬霞,等. 川西坳陷中段陆相地层压力演化及其成藏意义.石油勘探与开发,2012,39(4):426-433. GUO Y C,PANG X Q,CHEN D X,et al. Evolution of continental formation pressure in the middle part of the Western Sichuan Depression and its significance for hydrocarbon accumulation. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(4):426-433.
[35] 杨克明. 川西坳陷须家河组天然气成藏模式探讨.石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):786-793. YANG K M. Gas reservoiring mode in Xujiahe Formation of Western Sichuan Depression. Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(6):786-793.
[36] 王震亮,孙明亮,张立宽,等. 川西地区须家河组异常压力演化与天然气成藏模式.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2004, 29(4):433-439. WANG Z L,SUN M L,ZHANG L K,et al. Evolution of abnormal pressure and model of gas accumulation in Xujiahe Formation,Western Sichuan Basin. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(4):433-439.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

川西前陆盆地超压分布及成因机制

Distribution and genetic mechanism of overpressure in western Sichuan foreland basin

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 5

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10

[1]	邓浩阳, 司马立强, 吴玟, 刘方霖, 王馨, 王超, 杨国栋. 致密砂岩储层孔隙结构分形研究与渗透率计算——以川西坳陷蓬莱镇组、沙溪庙组储层为例[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(6): 76-82.
[2]	仲米虹, 唐武. 前陆盆地隆后坳陷区湖底扇沉积特征及主控因素——以塔北轮南地区三叠系为例[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(5): 18-28.
[3]	周启伟，李勇，汪正江，余谦，王锦程，王伟明. 龙门山前陆盆地南段须家河组页岩有机地球化学特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2016, 28(6): 45-51.
[4]	叶朝阳，秦启荣，龙胜祥，陈春芳，李永涛. 川西飞仙关组海相碳酸盐岩储层特征与评价[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2009, 21(1): 61-65.
[5]	彭靖淞，刘树根，赵霞飞，吴熙纯，杨荣军，孙玮，顾炎午. 川西中三叠统天井山组风暴沉积的发现及古地理意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2009, 21(1): 83-88.