岩性油气藏 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 104–112.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210310

• 勘探技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

近地表Q补偿技术在川中地区致密气勘探中的应用

刘桓, 苏勤, 曾华会, 孟会杰, 张小美, 雍运动   

  1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院, 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-25 修回日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2021-06-03
  • 第一作者:刘桓(1992—),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事地震资料处理和地球物理方法方面的研究工作。地址:(730020)甘肃省兰州市城关区雁儿湾路535号。Email:liuhnwgi@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气集团公司勘探与生产分公司项目“利用地震面波特征估算近地表速度及Q值方法研究”(编号:2020-5307071-000004)资助

Application of near-surface Q compensation technology in tight gas exploration in central Sichuan Basin

LIU Huan, SU Qin, ZENG Huahui, MENG Huijie, ZHANG Xiaomei, YONG Yundong   

  1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2020-05-25 Revised:2020-05-25 Published:2021-06-03

摘要: 川中地区致密砂岩储层具有呈透镜状展布且多期次叠置发育的特征,提高地震资料分辨率和恢复砂体振幅特征对该区致密砂岩气的勘探开发具有重要意义。针对川中地区特殊的地表地震条件和低降速带强吸收衰减效应,通过微测井约束层析静校正技术建立近地表模型来求取低降速带旅行时,利用质心频移法在浅层反射波数据基础上建立近地表Q模型,实现近地表Q补偿。结果表明,近地表Q补偿技术能够有效地提高地震资料分辨率,改善地震同相轴横向连续性,还可以较好地恢复河道砂体振幅特征。该技术的应用有利于识别砂体与地层和断裂的接触关系,能够为后续解释提供更高品质的地震资料。

关键词: 近地表, Q补偿, 高分辨率, 微测井约束层析静校正, 致密砂岩气

Abstract: In view of the lenticular distribution and multi-stage superimposed development characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs in central Sichuan Basin,improving the resolution of seismic data and restoring sand body amplitude characteristics are of great significance to the exploration and development of tight sandstone gas in this area. Considering the influence of the special surface seismic conditions and the strong attenuation effects in the low velocity layer, a near-surface model was established by micro-logging constrained tomographic static correction technology to obtain the traveltime of the low velocity layer. The centroid-frequency shift method was used to estimate a near-surface Q model based on shallow reflection wave data, so as to realize near-surface Q compensation. The results show that the near-surface Q compensation technology can effectively improve the resolution of seismic data,improve the lateral continuity of seismic events,and restore the amplitude characteristics of channel sand bodies. The application of this technology is conducive to identify the contact relationship of sand bodies with strata and faults,and can provide higher-quality seismic data for subsequent interpretation.

Key words: near-surface, Q compensation, high resolution, micro-logging constrained tomographic static correction, tight sandstone gas

中图分类号: 

  • P631.4
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