顺北油田断控缝洞型凝析气藏衰竭式开采特征及保压开采对策

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20240517

岩性油气藏 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 178–188.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20240517

• 石油工程与油气田开发 • 上一篇

顺北油田断控缝洞型凝析气藏衰竭式开采特征及保压开采对策

苏皓¹, 郭艳东¹, 曹立迎¹, 喻宸¹, 崔书岳¹, 卢婷¹, 张云², 李俊超³

1. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
3. 西安石油大学机械工程学院, 西安 710065

收稿日期:2023-04-03 修回日期:2023-06-18 出版日期:2024-09-01 发布日期:2024-09-04
第一作者:苏皓（1990—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事缝洞型油气藏开发方面的研究工作。地址：（102206）北京市昌平区沙河镇百沙路5号中国石化科学技术研究中心。Email：suhao0912@qq.com。
基金资助:
中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目“顺北深层断溶体油藏描述及可采储量定量表征”（编号：P21064-1）资助。

Natural depletion characteristics and pressure maintenance strategies of faultcontrolled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs in Shunbei Oilfield

SU Hao¹, GUO Yandong¹, CAO Liying¹, YU Chen¹, CUI Shuyue¹, LU Ting¹, ZHANG Yun², LI Junchao³

1. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Research Institute of Exploration and Production, Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
3. College of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China

Received:2023-04-03 Revised:2023-06-18 Online:2024-09-01 Published:2024-09-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 顺北油田断控缝洞型凝析气藏具有特殊的地质条件，开采难度大。基于顺北油田气藏实际参数，采用建模-数模一体化定量分析方法，对断控缝洞型凝析气藏的衰竭式开采特征进行了刻画，并制定了相应的保压开采对策。研究结果表明：①针对不同的介质相类型，采用地球物理属性雕刻的分级建模方法，得到融合的三维储集体模型；基于波阻抗、测井数据、试井解释数据，采用人机交互、逐级嵌套的构建方法得到三维孔渗模型；结合由流体高压物性实验拟合得到的流体模型，可得到代表地区特征的断控缝洞凝析气藏多组分数值模拟模型。②反凝析作用、应力敏感性是制约此类凝析气藏衰竭开发效果的两大因素：反凝析作用使油的稳产时间缩短、气油比变大、累产油减少；应力敏感性储层在一定应力作用下裂缝可能发生闭合，导致部分与裂缝连通的储量无法动用。③CH₄是保压开发的最优注入介质，以略高于露点压力进行保压补能，其增油效果最好；注采速度和注入时间均与增油量呈正相关关系，但换油率随注入量的增加而减小；对于井组单元采用先持续注采、后脉冲注持续采的方式，其防窜增油效果最好，对于孤立的井单元可采用单井吞吐注采方式提高凝析油采收率；注入井和采出井部署在同一洞内有利于对洞内储量的定向驱替，保证注采井间有足够距离，有利于预防气窜和增加波及范围。

关键词: 数值模型, 衰竭开发, 反凝析作用, 应力敏感性, 保压开采, 开发对策, 提高采收率, 凝析气藏, 断控缝洞型储层, 顺北油田

Abstract: The fault-controlled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs in Shunbei Oilfield have special geological conditions and are difficult to develop. Based on the actual parameters of the gas reservoirs in Shunbei Oilfield，a quantitative analysis method integrated modeling and simulation was used to characterize the natural depletion of fault-controlled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs，and corresponding pressure maintenance strategies were formulated. The results show that：（1）A hierarchical modeling method based on geophysical attribute depiction was adopted for different types of facies to obtain a fused three-dimensional reservoir facies model. Based on the data of wave impedance，logging data，and well testing interpretation，a three-dimensional porosity model and permeability model was obtained by using human-computer interaction and gradual nesting method. On this basis of two models，combined the fluid model obtained from PVT experiments，a multi-component numerical simulation model representing the characteristics of the fault-controlled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs in the region can be obtained.（2）Retrograde condensation and stress sensitivity are two major factors that constrain the natural depletion development effect of such condensate gas reservoirs. The retrograde condensation shortens the stable production time of oil，increases the gas oil ratio，and reduces cumulative oil production. Fractures in reservoirs with stress sensitivity may close under certain stress conditions，resulting in the difficulty to produce some reserves connected to the fractures.（3）CH₄ is the optimal injection medium for pressure maintenance development，and the best injection effect occurs when it is injected slightly above the dew point pressure. Injection-production rate and injection time are positively correlated with the oil production increment，but the oil replacement rate decreases as the injection volume increases. For the injection-production well group，the scheme which adopts continuous injection and production mode first and then switch to pulse injection and continuous production mode is the best strategy for increasing oil production while preventing gas channeling. For the isolated well，the huff and puff injection and production method can be used to improve the condensate oil recovery. Further，both the injection and production wells are deployed in a cave，which is easier to make the injected gas act on the main reserves in the cave and drive out the main reserves in a directional way. Meanwhile，ensuring sufficient distance between injection and production wells is beneficial for preventing gas channeling and increasing the swept volume.

Key words: numerical model, natural depletion, retrograde condensation, stress sensitivity, pressure maintenance development, development strategy, enhanced oil recovery, condensate gas reservoir, fault-controlled fracture-cavity reservoir, Shunbei Oilfield

中图分类号:

TE319

苏皓, 郭艳东, 曹立迎, 喻宸, 崔书岳, 卢婷, 张云, 李俊超. 顺北油田断控缝洞型凝析气藏衰竭式开采特征及保压开采对策[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 178–188.

SU Hao, GUO Yandong, CAO Liying, YU Chen, CUI Shuyue, LU Ting, ZHANG Yun, LI Junchao. Natural depletion characteristics and pressure maintenance strategies of faultcontrolled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs in Shunbei Oilfield[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 178–188.

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顺北油田断控缝洞型凝析气藏衰竭式开采特征及保压开采对策

Natural depletion characteristics and pressure maintenance strategies of faultcontrolled fracture-cavity condensate gas reservoirs in Shunbei Oilfield

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